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^ VI  • t ■■  ^ 


50TH  ANNIVERSARY 
of  the 

FAIRMOUNT  PARK 
ART  ASSOCIATION 
1871  - 1921 


1907  PLAN  OF  THE  FAIRMOUNT  PARKWAY 
Prepared  under  a commission  from  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association  by  Paul  P.  Cret,  Horace  Trumbauer 
and  C.  C.  Zantzinger. 

Adopted  by  the  City  of  Philadelphia  in  1909. 

The  execution  of  this  plan  is  about  completed. 


FAIRMOUNT  PARK 
ART  ASSOCIATION 


An  Account  of  its 
Origin  and  zActivities 
from  its  Foundation 
in  1871.  Issued  on  the 
Occasion  of  its  Fifti- 
eth Anniversary 
1921 


Published  by  the  Association 
Philadelphia 

1922 


“The  true  measure  of  a community  is  the 
measure  of  the  things  for  which  it  cares  and  that 
the  record  of  such  greatness  of  spirit  and  such 
nobleness  of  purpose  as  it  possesses  are  em- 
bodied in  the  work  it  leaves  behind;  that  the 
memory  and  influence  of  such  worthiness  as  it 
ever  develops,  if  it  lives  at  all,  is  perpetuated 
by  its  art  alone.  So  that  no  better  service  can 
be  rendered  to  the  community,  in  which  we 
happen  to  live,  than  the  promotion  in  every 
possible  way  ol  those  forms  of  culture  and  the 
cherishing  of  those  ideals,  which  find  expression 
in  art.” 

Leslie  \V.  Miller 


Committee  on  Fiftieth  Anniversary 

Andrew  Wright  Crawford,  Chairman 
Charles  Louis  Borie,  Jr. 

Eli  Kirk  Price 
Charles  J.  Cohen,  ex  officio 


Publication  Nionher  59 
Copyrighted  by 

FAIHMOl^NT  PARK  ARF  ASSOCIATION 

1922 


6 


OFFICERS 

1921 


PRESIDENT 

Charles  J.  Cohen 

VICE-PRESIDENTS 

James  M.  Beck  Henry  K.  Fox 

TREASURER 

W.  Hinckle  Smith 

SECRETARY 
Roland  L.  Taylor 
320  South  Broad  Street 


BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES 

Term  Expires  in  i()2i 

C.  L.  Borie,  Jr.  Albert  Kelsey 

Andrew  Wright  Crawford  Roland  L.  Taylor 

Henry  K.  Fox  Joseph  Widener 

Term  Expires  in  ig22 

James  M.  Beck  Eli  Kirk  Price 

Charles  J.  Cohen  Edgar  V.  Seeler 

Huger  Elliott  Joseph  Allison  Steinmetz 

Term  Expires  in  ig2;^ 

*A.  G.  Hetherington  J.  Rodman  Paul 

I.  Franklin  McFadden  W.  Hinckle  Smith 

John  D,  McIlhenny  George  S.  Webster 


COUNSEL 

James  M.  Beck 


Deceased. 


7 


STAN  DING  COi\  I M I TI' EES 

(The  President  is  ex  officio  a member  of  all  Committees) 

I.  On  Works  of  Art 

*Ed\vard  H.  Coates  Albert  Kelsey 

Paul  P.  Cret  Howard  Longstreth 

*A.  G.  Hetherington  Edgar  V.  Seeler 

Joseph  Widener 

2.  Auditing  Committee 

Joseph  Allison  Steinmetz,  Chairman 
John  D.  McIlhenny 

3.  On  Finance,  Legacies  and  Trusts 

W.  Hinckle  Smith,  Chairman 

Henry  K.  Eox  Joseph  Allison  Steinmetz 

John  D.  McIlhenny  Roland  L.  Taylor 


SPECIAL  COMMITTEES 


I.  On  Robert  Morris  Memorial 

Roland  L.  Taylor,  Chairman 
James  M.  Beck  Effingham  B.  Morris 

Henry  H.  Collins  *Francis  B.  Reeves 

Henry  K.  Fox  Levi  L.  Rue 

Joseph  Allison  Steinmetz 


2.  On  Ericsson  Memorial 


Edward  T.  Stotesbury. 


Theophilus  P.  Chandler 
*Edward  H.  Coates 
Henry  M.  Dechert 
Samuel  S.  Eels 
\V.  \V.  Gibbs 
*Robert  E.  Hastings 


John  Story  Jenks 
Albert  Kelsey 
J.  Bertram  Lippincott 
William  Potter 
Thomas  Harris  Powers 
Joseph  Allison  Steinmetz 


3.  On  Shakespeare  Memorial 

Eli  Kirk  Price,  Chairman 
James  M.  Beck 


4.  On  Samuel  Foundation 

Charles  L.  Vioki'e.,  Chairman 
Edward  Biddle  Eli  Kirk  Price 

William  A.  Mason  J.  Bunford  Samuel 


*Deceased. 


8 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 

Address,  “The  Utility  of  Civic  Beauty,”  at  the  Celebration  of  the 

Fiftieth  x‘\nniversary,  by  Hon.  James  M.  Beck 11 

History  of  the  Association  by  Charles  J.  Cohen,  President 31 

List  of  Officers  and  Trustees 75 

Biographies  of  the  Founders  of  the  Association  and  Members  of  the 

First  Board  of  Trustees  (For  names  and  pages  see  Index) 79 

List  of  Works  of  Art  Contributed  by  the  Association 

Park  Branch 131 

City  Branch 133 

Reproduction  of  Works  of  Art 134-183 

Biographies  of  the  Sculptors 185 

History  of  the  Fairmount  Parkway  and  Art  Museum,  by  Andrew 

Wright  Crawford,  George  S.  Webster  and  the  late  William  Perrine  244 

List  of  Addresses  at  the  Annual  Meetings 253 

The  Financial  Status 261 

Preamble  to  the  Original  Constitution 262 

Members 264 


Q 


CELEBRATION  OF  THE  FIFTIETH 
ANNIVERSARY 

The  Fiftieth  Anniversary  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association  was  celebrated  on  June  7,  1921,  by  a tour  of 
Fairmount  Park,  an  inspection  of  the  Art  Museum,  then  in 
course  of  construction,  and  a meeting  in  the  Portico  of  the 
Water-Works.  Over  one  hundred  people  met  in  Logan  Square 
and  were  conducted  in  sight-seeing  automobiles  through  the 
East  and  West  Park  to  view  the  various  works  of  Art  given  by 
or  under  the  auspices  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association. 
The  automobiles  ascended  Fairmount.  The  Association’s 
guests  were  conducted  over  the  Museum  and  thence  proceeded 
to  the  Portico. 

Mr.  Charles  J.  Cohen,  President  of  the  Association,  spoke 
briefly,  and  introduced  the  Honorable  James  M.  Beck,  who 
delivered  an  address  on  “The  Utility  of  Civic  Beauty.”  After 
the  addresses  supper  was  served  on  the  terrace  of  the  Water- 
Works. 


10 


THE  UTILITY  OF  CIVIC  BEAUTY 

BY 


JAMES  MONTGOMERY  BECK,  LL.D.,  Litt.  D. 


'President^  Indies  and  (^e?ttleme?i: 


E ARE  met  this  afternoon  to  celebrate  no 
mean  or  unimportant  event  in  the  annals 
of  this  historic  city.  Fifty  years  ago  the 
Eairmount  Park  Art  Association  was  born 
and  I need  say  no  more  than  to  quote  the 
most  gifted  sculptor  that  America  ever 
gave  to  the  world,  Augustus  Saint-Ciaudens, 
who  once  said  to  me  that  the  Eairmount 
^ark  Art  Association  was  “not  only  the  first  but  was  still 
the  best  of  the  civic  movements  of  its  class  in  the  United 
States.” 

It  is  well,  therefore,  for  us  to  remember  gratefully  those 
who  initiated  this  movement  a half  century  ago.  To  tell  what 
they  did — and  what  resulted — should  be  an  inspiration  to  the 
present  generation  of  Philadelphians  and  especially  to  the 
young  men  and  women  of  Philadelphia. 

In  the  summer  of  1871  there  was  a young  man  in  Phila- 
delphia by  the  name  of  Charles  El.  Howell.  He  was  only 
twenty-three  years  of  age  and  was  only  one  among,  let  us  say, 
700,000  people.  What  could  one  young  man  do  to  advance  the 
city  that  he  so  dearly  loved.^  He  thought,  as  Eairmount  Park 
was  at  that  time  expanding  its  beautiful  domain  as  far  as  the 
upper  Wissahickon,  that  perhaps  the  greatest  service  he  could 
render  in  his  lifetime  was  to  initiate  a movement  that  would 
add  the  art  of  man  to  the  gifts  with  which  God  had  so  prodi- 
gally endowed  this  magnificent  pleasure  domain.  \\’ith  this 
purpose  he  met  in  conference  with  another  young  man,  who 
is  still  living  in  Philadelphia  and  whose  name  ought  also  to 
be  gratefully  remembered,  Henry  K.  F'ox. 

It  is  well  for  us  to  recall  for  a moment  the  conditions  in 
1871,  upon  which  these  two  young  men  were  obliged  to  base 

11 


12 


PORTICO  OF  THK  WAI  KR-WOR KS 
The  Address  of  the  Hon.  James  M.  Beck  was  delivered  here 


their  plan  of  work.  I can  remember,  although  not  very  old, 
that  year.  It  was  a wonderful  year  in  Philadelphia’s  history. 
In  the  first  place,  it  was  just  passing  from  the  village  to  the  city 
by  abolishing  a volunteer  fire  department,  whose  companies 
were  more  apt  to  fight  each  other  than  to  fight  fires.  It  was 
the  year  when  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  passed  a 
resolution  endorsing  the  project  of  the  Centennial  Exposition 
— not  until  after  the  display  of  a great  deal  of  jealousy  on  the 
part  of  other  American  cities  and  states.  Probably  the  en- 
dorsement by  the  national  government,  in  March,  1871,  of 
the  project  to  hold  an  international  exposition  in  the  city  of 
Philadelphia  had  much  to  do  with  Colonel  Howell’s  fine  and 
splendid  project. 

It  was  the  year,  too,  when  the  whole  world  was  shaken 
by  the  mighty  conflict  of  the  two  great  gladiators  of  the  last 
two  thousand  years  in  the  history  of  Europe — namely  Ger- 
many and  Erance — and  some  of  us  may  remember  in  the 
summer  of  1871,  after  Germany  had  conquered,  that  there 
was  a parade  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  nine  miles  in  length, 
the  last  of  the  parades,  which  in  a measure  reflected  the  spirit 
of  the  Middle  Ages;  for,  as  I recall  that  parade,  and  I recall  it 
well,  it  was  the  nearest  approach  in  life  to  the  last  act  of  the 
Meistersinger,  when  the  procession  of  the  guilds  enters  the 
ancient  city  of  Nuremberg.  I remember  the  bakers  throwing 
out  the  rolls,  the  butchers  sausages,  the  tailors  the  products 
of  their  work,  and  I saw  from  hour  to  hour  this  mighty  pro- 
cession passing  on  to  mark  the  triumph  of  Germany  in  the 
great  war.  d'he  city  of  1871  was  yet  very  much  of  a village, 
in  which  for  nearly  fifty  years  there  had  not  been  the  sug- 
gestion of  art  as  an  element  in  our  civic  life,  but  which  was 
suddenly  to  spring  into  a new  life  and  to  undergo  a new  birth 
by  reason  of  these  two  young  men,  hardly  turned  twenty 
years,  who,  though  but  two  among  700,(XX)  of  people,  de- 
termined that  something  must  be  done  to  redeem  Philadelphia 
from  the  reproach  of  an  excessive  industrialism.  So  these 
two  young  men  founded  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association. 
All  honor  to  them!  They  have  deserved  well  of  their  city. 

Fifty  years  have  passed  away  and  we  their  successors  are 
met  to  celebrate  the  event,  and  no  words  of  mine  could  be  half 
so  eloquent  as  that  which  we  have  seen  in  the  journey  we  have 
been  privileged  to  take  through  this  noble  park  by  the  cour- 
tesy of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association.  It  is  enough  to 
say  that  the  movement  thus  initiated  by  those  two  men  has 

13 


14 


THE  FAIRMOUNT  WATER-WORKS 
View  from  the  River  below  the  Dam 


resulted  in  fifty  works  of  art  being  given  to  the  city  and  the 
park;  that  it  has  resulted  in  a permanent  endowment  of 
3130,000;  that  it  has  influenced  two  magnificent  gifts  to  Phila- 
delphia, one,  already  executed,  the  memorial  gateway  at 
Lansdowne — the  Richard  Smith  memorial — and  the  other, 
yet  to  be  erected,  provided  by  the  munificence  of  the  late 
Mrs.  Samuel,  namely  the  adornment  ot  the  east  bank  of  the 
Schuylkill  in  a way  that  will  commemorate  the  growth  of 
America  from  the  time  of  the  Norsemen  to  the  present  age. 

But,  great  as  have  been  these  achievements  in  thus  amass- 
ing a splendid  endowment,  while  giving  fifty  works  of  art  to  this 
great  park — and  who  will  say  that  the  attractiveness  of  the 
park  has  not  gained  by  it — yet  the  indirect  influence  of  this 
Association  has  been  even  greater,  for  it  has  given  a tremen- 
dous impetus  to  the  civic  aesthetic  movement  in  Philadelphia. 
In  no  small  degree  the  Parkway,  constructed  upon  plans  pro- 
posed by  this  x'\ssociation  and  soon  to  be  crowned  by  this 
magnificent  temple  of  art,  owes  its  origin  to  the  educational 
work  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  xAssociation.  This  marvelous 
parkway  will  be  to  future  generations  the  v/a  triumphalis  of 
Philadelphia,  as  the  great  highway  of  that  name  was  to  the 
men  of  Rome,  and  generations  yet  to  be  born  will  pass  up  the 
flight  of  marble  steps  to  this  gracious  temple  now  in  process 
of  erection.  That,  we  can  say  without  any  exaggeration,  is  in 
part  due  to  the  impetus  given  to  the  aesthetic  development  of 
Philadelphia  by  these  two  young  men,  who  thus  courageously 
launched  their  project  and  hitched  their  wagon  to  a star  just 
fifty  years  ago. 

It  would,  however,  be  the  sheerest  flattery  to  say  that 
art  was  born  in  Philadelphia  fifty  years  ago.  On  the  contrary, 
art  has  been  from  the  very  beginning  of  this  historic  city  a 
great  tradition  and  a noble  impulse.  You  may  not  recall  the 
fact,  but,  not  long  after  Franklin  had  landed  at  High  Street 
wharf,  not  long  after  the  city  had  been  founded  and  when  the 
son  of  the  first  proprietor,  Thomas  Penn,  came  to  Philadelphia, 
having  then  probably  not  6,000  inhabitants,  the  leading  citi- 
zens of  the  little  village  petitioned  Thomas  Penn  to  take  steps 
to  develop  education  and  culture,  so  that,  to  use  their  own 
words,  “it  would  make  of  Philadelphia  the  ^Athens  of  America.” 

Such  was  the  expression  and  thus  did  the  founders  of 
this  great  city  hitch  their  wagon  to  a star.  And  it  was  cer- 
tainly no  small  art  development  that  led  a city,  which  at  that 
time  may  have  had  no  more  than  fifteen  thousand  people,  to 

IS 


plan  that  venerable  State  House,  which,  if  it  had  had  no  his- 
toric traditions,  would  yet  be  a very  beautiful  building.  Mel- 
low as  it  is  with  years,  it  has  an  artistic  charm  because  of  the 
dignity  ot  its  lines  and  the  simplicity  of  its  motive.  At  all 
events,  the  State  House  in  Philadelphia,  which  we  now  call 
Independence  Hall,  planned  by  a man,  who  was  not  an  archi- 
tect but  a lawyer,  even  as  Christ  Church,  another  noble  edifice, 
was  planned  not  by  an  architect  but  by  a doctor — these  two 
buildings  in  a city,  which  amounted  to  little  more  than  a 
village,  showed  that  there  was  a latent  art  in  Philadelphia 
from  its  very  beginning. 

Later,  in  the  period  of  Washington,  when  the  great  Gen- 
eral and  President  held  his  court  here,  Philadelphia  became  in 
a sense — was  in  truth — the  Athens  of  America.  Benjamin 
\\’est,  the  first  American  painter  who  ever  won  international 
renown,  went  abroad  from  Philadelphia  and  became  not  only 
the  first  exhibitor  in  the  Royal  Academy,  but  later,  as  its 
President,  the  successor  of  the  great  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  and 
for  the  first  time  drew  world-wide  attention  to  an  American 
painter.  Here  it  was  that  Charles  Willson  Peale — a man  of 
varied  talents — and  his  son,  the  illustrious  Rembrandt  Peale, 
Gilbert  Stuart,  Sully  and  others,  whose  names  will  readily 
occur  to  you,  laid  the  foundations  for  an  art  in  Philadelphia, 
that  attracted  attention  not  nierely  in  this  country,  but 
throughout  the  world,  and,  what  is  more,  has  stood  the  test 
of  time,  for  I think  that  Stuart’s  and  Sully’s  art,  as  shown  by 
their  lovely  portraits,  is  not  to  be  outclassed  by  anything  that 
even  Romney  or  Lawrence  did  in  painting  the  beauties  of 
English  society. 

W e are,  therefore,  standing  not  only  in  the  city  that  is 
the  birthplace  of  American  art,  as  it  was  the  birthplace  of 
American  liberty,  but  as  a matter  of  fact  on  a spot,  which 
marked  after  Colonial  times  the  cradle  not  only  of  art  in 
Philadelphia,  but  of  art  in  America;  for,  after  the  water-works 
were  removed  from  Centre  Square  to  where  we  now  are,  the 
first  impulse  to  improve  the  city  by  a public  park  commenced, 
one  hundred  and  ten  years  ago,  where  we  are  now  assembled, 
when  five  acres  of  ground  were  acquired  around  the  then 
novel  water- works,  and  it  was  here  that  William  Rush,  the 
first  American  sculptor,  placed  the  “Spirit  of  the  Schuylkill,’’ 
which  still  stands  in  its  basin,  only  a few  hundred  feet  away, 
while  over  the  doorways  to  these  entrances,  to  what  were 
then  the  water-works,  are  the  other  works  of  Rush — one 

16 


THE  SCHUYLKILL  IN  CHAINS 
Sculpture  in  Wood  by  William  Rush 


THE  SCHUYLKILL  RELEASED 
Sculpture  in  Wood  by  William  Rush 
17 


representing  the  river  chained  by  the  obstructions  of  its  rocky 
bed  and  the  other  the  river  freed  from  its  bonds,  but  doing 
useful  service  through  the  medium  ot  the  water- works;  and 
it  is  interesting  to  note  that  in  the  chronicles  of  those  times 
it  was  said,  referring  to  the  “Spirit  of  the  Schuylkill,’’  that 
no  greater  piece  of  art  was  to  be  found  in  all  the  world.  We 
may  not  endorse  that  verdict,  but  nevertheless  it  stands  here 
as  the  first  impulse  of  art  in  Philadelphia  outside  of  the  build- 
ings, designed  by  amateur  architects,  to  which  I have  akeady 
referred. 

Now  there  came  a period  of  time,  which  gives  this  event 
which  we  celebrate  peculiar  significance,  for  with  the  passing 
of  the  golden  age  of  art  in  Philadelphia,  with  the  passing  of 
the  Peales  and  West,  Stuart  and  Sully,  the  illustrious  men  of 
that  period,  there  came  through  the  development  of  the 
steamship  and  the  locomotive  an  era  of  industrialism,  that 
lasted  for  nearly  half  a century,  that  submerged  all  the 
aesthetic  impulses  of  Philadelphia  and  took  from  it  its  former 
position  as  the  Athens  of  America.  It  was  a period  naturally 
of  great  industrial  development.  Man  was  harnessing  the 
forces  of  Nature;  he  was  endeavoring  to  take  those  invisible 
forces  of  steam  and  electricity  and  conquer  an  almost  virgin 
continent;  and  it  is  not  surprising  that  here  and  elsewhere 
throughout  the  United  States  the  spirit  of  industrialism  sub- 
merged the  love  of  art.  The  same  thing  was  true  of  England — 
which  in  the  same  period  became  a great  workshop.  I read 
with  great  interest  only  a few  hours  ago  in  one  of  the  earlier 
addresses  made  before  the  Eairmount  Park  Art  Association, 
how,  when  Provost  Stille  went  to  England  before  the  first 
international  exposition  was  held,  the  universal  prevalence  of 
the  ugly  in  English  life,  the  utter  absence  of  anything  beautiful, 
was  noticed  by  him  and  he  attributed  it  to  the  tremendous 
epoch-making  transformation  of  “merrie  England ’’  into  a vast 
industrial  workshop.  The  same  thing  had  happened  here  and 
for  fifty  years  the  art  impulse  was  lost  in  the  whirr  and  roar 
and  clangor  of  the  machines  which  man  built  up.  I'herefore 
It  was  that  in  1871,  fifty  years  ago,  there  came  the  first  reac- 
tion against  the  excessive  spirit  of  industrialism  in  Philadel- 
phia, which  had  condemned  it  to  be  a workshop  and  nothing 
more.  That  reaction  led  the  people  of  Philadelphia  to  say, 
“Well,  after  all  man  cannot  live  by  the  bread  of  industrialism 
alone,  he  must  feed  upon  the  finer  fruits  of  the  spirit,  he  must 
protest  against  the  universal  standardization  of  machinery, 

18 


that  is  stamping  out  the  artistic  soul  of  the  individual.”  And 
thus,  responsive  to  the  impulse,  which  had  already  found  ex- 
pression in  the  ambitious  attempt  to  erect  an  ornate  City 
Hall — and  the  aim  was  high,  even  though  the  performance  in 
some  respects  lagged  behind  it — and  in  other  manifestations, 
like  the  building  of  the  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts,  there 
came  to  Philadelphia  a new  spirit,  which  for  fifty  years  had 
been  unknown,  had  lain  dormant  and  was  now  revived;  and, 
if  you  seek  the  results  of  that  spirit,  I would  say  to  you,  as 
the  epitaph  of  Sir  Christopher  Wren  under  the  dome  of  St. 
Paul’s  in  London  says  of  his  monument,  “Look  about  you.” 

Look  at  this  city,  with  its  monotonous,  rectangular  streets, 
pierced  by  this  noble  avenue  of  the  Parkway.  Look  at  this 
magnificent  domain  of  Fairmount  Park,  the  noblest  of  all  the 
world,  and  here  our  civic  pride  need  not  fear  to  betray  us  into 
exaggeration.  J have  only  recently  examined  two  great  public 
parks  of  two  great  American  cities  and  today  I was  interested, 
as  we  rode,  in  contrasting  them.  Nothing  more  splendid  than 
Fairmount  Park  in  the  infinite  variety  of  its  beauty  can  be 
seen  in  any  city  in  the  world,  and  it  is  this  park,  that  this 
Association  has  enriched  with  statues  that  commemorate  the 
great  men  of  the  Republic — statues  that  commemorate  the  great 
men  of  other  nations — statues  that  commemorate  the  great 
ideals  of  humanity  like  Jeanne  d’Arc — statues  also  that  have 
no  mere  commemorative  or  historic  appeal,  but  simply  stand 
for  the  ideal  of  beauty  in  the  world — the  ideal  of  beauty  that 
is  to  be  a protest  against  the  sordid,  mechanical  character  of 
our  time,  due  to  a too  rapid  and  too  excessive  development 
of  industrialism. 

I'hat  brings  me  to  say  the  one  serious  thing  I wanted  to 
say,  and  I must  not  trespass  upon  your  patience  very  long.  I 
promised  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  that  I would 
speak  upon  the  utility  of  beauty.  Well,  beauty  is  its  own 
justification  and  defense.  \Vas  it  not  Keats  who  said,  “A 
thing  of  beauty  is  a joy  forever.^” 

I do  not  want,  as  I have  on  previous  occasions  when  in 
this  city,  to  argue  for  public  improvements  merely  on  material 
grounds.  There  is  no  greater  asset  that  a city  can  have  than 
its  beauty.  Untold  millions  of  dollars  have  been  poured  into  the 
lap  of  Paris,  because  that  queenly  city  of  the  Seine  saw  that 
art  had  a utility  quite  as  great  as  any  other  element  of  human 
value.  I do  not  want  to  put  it  upon  that  pecuniary  plane,  for 
that  requires  no  emphasis.  You  and  I know,  that,  if  we  want 

19 


to  attract  the  stranger  within  the  gates  of  Philadelphia,  if  we 
want  him  to  stay  longer  than  his  mere  business  interests  re- 
quire him  to  stay,  if  we  make  our  city  a delight  to  the  eye,  we 
will  never  lack  countless  thousands  of  strangers  who  will  come 
to  this  city  to  see  it,  when  it  has  some  appeal  to  their  aesthetic 
sense,  even  as  they  go  to  Rome  or  to  Paris  or  as  the  whole 
world  once  went  to  Athens.  Oh,  I sometimes  wish  that  I 
could  do  what  Franklin  wished  that  he  could  do.  Mortality 
unfortunately  forbids.  I wish  I could  suspend  animation  and 
float,  as  he  wished,  in  a cask  of  Madeira  for  a hundred  years. 
I would  like  to  come  back  a hundred  years  from  now  and 
walk  up  the  Parkway,  in  which  I trust  you  will  permit  me  to 
say  I did  contribute  some  little  modest  service,  for  it  was  one 
of  the  hobbies  of  my  youthful  life  and  I argued  for  it  and 
begged  for  it  and  pleaded  for  it  in  a number  of  speeches,  which 
I inflicted  on  my  fellow  citizens,  when  it  seemed  almost  hope- 
less to  get  it;  but  I should  like  to  walk  up  that  Parkway  and 
climb  at  last  the  flight  of  steps  that  will  lead  to  the  central 
temple  of  the  Art  (lallery  and  look  over  the  Philadelphia  of  a 
hundred  years  from  now,  which  will,  I venture  to  predict, 
attract  a thousand  strangers  for  every  one  it  attracts  today; 
for,  if  this  iusthetic  impulse  be  not  retarded,  if  Philadelphia 
be  only  worthy  of  its  splendid  destiny,  with  all  the  natural 
advantages  that  have  been  given  to  it,  Philadelphia  can  be- 
come, even  as  those  modest  founders  of  our  city  begged 
'Phomas  Penn  to  make  it  in  the  very  days  of  its  beginning  and 
as  it  can  be  made,  the  Athens  of  America. 

But  I want,  in  emphasizing  the  utility  of  beauty,  simply 
to  say  one  thing — and  I have  partly  anticipated  the  thought — 
and  that  is  this.  In  the  last  six  months  I have  been  brooding 
a great  deal  on  a question  which  has  profoundly  interested  me, 
and  that  is  the  effect  of  a mechanical  civilization  upon  human 
character  and  the  human  soul.  I have  witnessed  within  the 
lifetime  of  men  now  living  a revolution  in  human  life  more 
stupendous,  more  infinite  in  its  capacity  for  evil,  than  all  the 
changes  that  ever  took  place  in  the  history  of  man  from  the 
time,  five  hundred  thousand  years  ago,  of  the  cave  dweller 
until  the  present  hour.  All  previous  inventions,  that  had 
marked  man’s  progress,  were  mere  conquests  over  visible, 
physical  nature.  Today,  however,  he  has  mastered  the  in- 
visible forces  of  nature.  These  have  increased  his  power  a 
thousand  fold.  He  has  made  of  himself  the  super-man;  he 
has  become  the  super-bird,  brushing  the  eagles  out  of  the 

20 


21 


TERRACES  OF  THE  FAIRMOUNT  WATER-WORKS 


path  ot  his  aeroplane,  which,  directed  by  his  swift  intelligence, 
is  hut  an  extra-corporeal  addition  to  his  body.  He  has  be- 
come the  super-hsh  with  his  submarine.  He  has  annihilateci 
space  with  his  telephone,  his  telegraph,  and  that  marvelous 
wireless  telephony,  which  makes  the  invisible  “couriers  of  the 
air”  the  messengers  of  his  intelligence.  He  has  done  all  that, 
but,  having  done  that,  by  the  grinding  force  of  a perfectly 
soulless  mechanical  civilization  he  has  standardized  the  soul 
of  man  into  a dull  anci  almost  soulless  mediocrity.  In  other 
words,  if  I had  time  to  enlarge  upon  this  theme — and  I have 
not — I think  I could  demonstrate  to  you  how  imperceptibly 
the  soul  of  man  has  been  crushed  in  the  roar  of  the  whirring 
machinery  of  his  own  creation.  If  you  will  read  that  remark- 
able book  of  Samuel  Butler,  “Erehwon,”  or  the  most  recent 
contribution  of  Ferrero,  “Between  the  Old  ^^’orld  and  the 
New,”  you  will  understand  the  idea  that  I am  not  develop- 
ing, but  simply  suggesting,  and  that  is,  that  the  whole  char- 
acter of  a mechanical  age  tends  to  crush  the  spirit  of  individual- 
ism; and  there  is  nothing  so  fatal  to  art  as  the  destruction  of 
individualism,  because  the  thing  in  human  life,  that  best  pre- 
serves the  spirit  of  individualism,  is  art.  ^^  hy,  man  has  be- 
come submerged  as  a citizen  in  great  groups,  as  a worker  in 
great  groups  of  workers;  as  a worker  with  his  hands  he  has 
become  subordinated  to  a machine,  which  he  simply  watches. 
His  soul  has  felt  the  terrific  crushing  power  of  this  mighty 
hammer  of  a mechanical  civilization,  but  the  one  thing  that 
machinery  cannot  crush  is  the  individualism  of  art,  for,  while 
two  artists  may  collaborate,  one  on  a horse  and  the  other  on 
the  rider  of  a horse,  or  one  on  the  pedestal  and  the  other  on 
the  statue  on  the  pedestal,  or  even  collaborate  on  a building, 
yet,  in  its  last  essence,  a work  of  art  as  such  must  be  the  ex- 
pression and  the  aspiration  of  an  individual  soul.  It  must  be 
born  in  the  man;  once  he  has  it  in  him,  no  machinery  can 
possibly  call  it  forth  and  no  machinery  can  ever  give  it  expres- 
sion. It  can  imitate,  yes.  The  mechanical  piano  can  imitate 
Paderewski  playing  a sonata,  but  it  is  not  the  divine  soul  of 
the  great  Pole  as  he  interprets  Beethoven,  as  the  mighty  spirit 
of  Beethoven  pours  from  his  inner  soul. 

^'ou  can  fashion  statuary  by  machinery,  clip  it  by  ma- 
chinery, do  all  sorts  of  things  by  machinery,  but  you  cannot 
by  machinery  conceive  a \"enus  de  Milo,  ^'ou  cannot  conceive 
so  exquisite  an  idea  of  feminine  beauty  by  any  kind  of  ma- 
chinery that  the  ingenuity  of  man  can  invent.  The  most 

22 


potent  protest,  then,  against  the  grinding  spirit  of  a purely 
mechanical  age,  which  in  itself  we  cannot  undo,  is  the  spirit 
of  art.  If  you  can  develop  art  in  the  community,  you  can 
save  the  soul  of  the  individual. 

You  talk  of  unrest.  Why  should  there  not  he  labor  un- 
rest.^ Why  should  not  a man,  who  no  longer  has  the  oppor- 
tunity to  work  with  his  muscles  or  soul  or  mind,  who  simply 
for  eight  hours  watches  a machine,  that  asks  no  advice  from 
him,  that  asks  no  co-operation  from  him,  that  never  fails, 
never  slips,  never  tires,  never  wears  out,  why  should  not  such 
a man  resent  his  lot.^  That  man  leaves  the  factory,  denied 
something,  which  is  a primitive  need  of  his  nature — namely, 
self-expression.  If  he  is  denied  that  and  cannot  find  it  out- 
side the  machine  that  he  simply  watches,  then  that  man  has 
within  him  all  the  possibilities  of  the  social  rebel.  But,  give 
to  that  man,  when  he  leaves  the  factory,  the  inspiration  of  art, 
give  him  something  to  feed  the  divine  part  of  his  being,  his 
immortal  soul;  let  him  climb,  as  he  will  one  day  climb,  the 
steps  on  yonder  hill  and  stand  under  the  columns  of  the  central 
temple,  look  down  the  great  Parkway  and  see  everywhere  be- 
fore him  beautiful  buildings;  let  him  do  that  and  then  he  has 
something  to  feed  his  soul,  and,  no  matter  whether  he  lives  in 
a garret  or  in  a marble  palace,  he  has  the  instinct  of  beauty 
latent  within  him  and  you  have  fed  it  and  prevented  it  from 
being  starved. 

That  is  what  I had  in  mind  in  suggesting  the  utility  of 
beauty — that  it  is  no  mere  luxurious  pleasure  or  love  of  adorn- 
ment, that  leads  us  to  erect  this  statue  or  that  lovely  fountain. 
We  are  not  only  doing  what  is  good  for  ourselves,  but  we  are 
doing  the  most  truly  democratic  thing  in  the  world.  And  why 
Works  of  art,  such  as  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association 
gives,  are  what  all  classes  of  men  in  the  nature  of  the  case  share 
on  the  basis  of  absolute  equality.  You  have  a private  art  col- 
lection and  it  is  vour  own.  You  have  lovelv  adornments  for 
your  house;  they  are  your  own.  You  build  a great  church  and 
only  its  own  adherents  go  into  it.  You  create  a symphony 
orchestra  and  only  the  subscribers  can  hear  it.  But  have  you 
ever  thought  of  the  countless  millions  of  children  yet  unborn, 
who  in  the  hot  days  of  summer  will  stand  around  the  fountain 
in  Logan  Square  and  hear  those  splashing  waters  and  feel  their 
little  souls  refreshed  by  the  psychological  effect  of  falling  water 
Or  have  you  ever  thought  in  connection  with  these  works  of 
art,  which  this  Association  has  given  to  the  city,  of  the  stimu- 

23 


lus  to  the  people  who  come  and  throng  this  park?  The  poorest 
child  from  the  slums,  as  well  as  the  child  of  the  multi-million- 
aire, can  see  without  money  or  price  something  which  is  a 
stimulant  to  his  idea  of  beauty  and  develops  in  his  soul  that 
which  otherwise  might  starve 

I shall  only  suggest  one  other  thought  and  I trust  you  will 
bear  with  me,  because  it  is  perhaps  more  practical  than  that, 
which  1 have  just  been  saying.  We  have  with  pardonable 
pride  felicitated  ourselves  this  afternoon  on  a great  work,  be- 
gun fifty  years  ago  and  hitherto  showing  great  results.  When 
the  annals  of  Philadelphia  come  to  be  written,  it  will  be  no 
mean  chapter  that  records  the  beginning  of  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association.  But,  let  me  say,  I think  we  should 
mingle  our  justifiable  jubilation  with  a little  diffidence,  for, 
great  as  is  the  work  that  we  have  done,  it  is  nothing  to  what 
we  could  have  done  and  should  have  done. 

Do  you  realize  that  this  Association  in  the  first  year  of  its 
existence  had  750  members?  Today  it  has  350.  Seven  hun- 
dred and  fifty  members  in  a population  of  700,000  people  and 
only  350  in  a population  of  1,800,000!  Do  you  know  that 
there  never  was  a time  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  from  the 
birth  of  this  organization,  with  its  elective  dues  of  either  one 
dollar  for  an  associate  member  or  five  dollars  for  an  active 
member,  that  there  were  not  countless  thousands,  who  ought 
to  have  joined  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  because 
of  its  universal  appeal  to  civic  spirit? 

I think  in  that  respect  we  have  made  a mistake  and  I 
think  it  was  a natural  mistake,  because  it  came  in  the  very 
beginning  of  this  organization;  as  expressed  in  one  of  its  first 
announcements,  it  was  to  be  an  organization  of  “ladies  and 
gentlemen.”  That  meant  it  was  to  be  a social  organization 
of  Philadelphia,  made  up  by  its  so  called  best  people  and  ad- 
ministered by  them.  Now  is  it  not  true  that  there  are  at  least 
10,000  people  in  this  city,  who  would  willingly  contribute  five 
dollars  a year  to  this  organization,  in  whose  benefits  they  are 
sharing  every  time  they  walk  its  streets  or  traverse  its  park? 
Is  it  not  likely  that  there  are  20,000,  who  could  spare  one 
dollar — less  than  half  the  cost  of  a theatre  ticket — to  con- 
tribute to  that  which  would  be  a lasting  joy? 

'I'his  Association,  instead  of  having,  as  it  now  has,  about 
^7,000,  or  we  will  say  ^10,(XX),  of  income  from  its  dues,  with 
an  ultimate  but  sure  endowment  of  330,(X)0  a year  from  Mrs. 
Samuel’s  bequest — this  Association  ought  to  have  350,000  a 

24 


year  in  dues  and,  if  it  had  that  amount,  in  fifty  years  it  could 
transform  this  city.  It  has  already  with  its  meagre  member- 
ship, that  has  rarely  gone  beyond  a thousand  members  at  any 
one  time  in  the  whole  fifty  years  of  its  career,  transformed  the 
park  and  is  beginning  to  transform  the  city.  But,  if  we  could 
each  year  erect  such  statues,  as  could  be  secured  by  co- 
operative effort,  within  fifty  years  we  would  hardly  know 
Philadelphia,  and  then  indeed,  if  we  could  come  out  of  Frank- 
lin’s cask  of  Madeira,  we  would  see  a change  extraordinary 
and  most  beneficent  in  its  possibilities.  On  this  F'iftietli 
Anniversary  of  the  Association  we  ought  to  take  a high  re- 
solve, that  no  longer  will  we  be  an  association  of  merely 
“ladies  and  gentlemen.’’  Let  us  be  one  of  citizens.  Let  us  be 
a civic  association,  to  whose  membership  all  are  welcome,  and 
let  us  go  out  into  the  highways  and  byways  and  appeal  to  the 
people  of  Philadelphia  to  contribute  a dollar  apiece,  if  that  is 
all  they  can  contribute,  or  five  dollars,  if  they  can,  and  let  us 
get  a fund  that  will  move  forward  with  a rapidity,  to  which 
even  the  past  would  seem  slow. 

Is  it  impracticable.^  Why  is  it  no  one  deems  it  imprac- 
ticable to  appeal  to  your  churches,  to  your  Chambers  of  Com- 
merce, to  your  Bourses,  to  your  great  Manufacturers’  Club — ■ 
all  the  clubs — to  the  women’s  organizations,  who,  as  in  the 
case  of  the  Symphony  Orchestra,  raised  a million  dollars  in  a 
few  months?  Let  us  appeal  to  all  the  civic  activities  of  Phila- 
delphia, never  so  active  as  at  this  moment,  and  let  us  say  to 
them,  “This  is  one  thing  in  which  all  of  you,  whatever  your 
special  interest  may  be,  ought  to  be  interested.’’  Suppose  we 
had  350,000  a year  to  spend.  In  two  years  we  could  build  a 
Greek  theatre  against  that  hill,  looking  down  upon  this  portico 
as  a stage,  in  which  an  orchestra  could  play,  a classic  per- 
formance be  given,  or  public  meetings  be  held. 

Consider  this  lovely  development  of  the  Schuylkill  River 
as  far  as  the  Callowhill  Street  bridge.  And,  then,  looking 
from  one  picture  to  another,  look  at  the  hideous  neglect  of  an 
opportunity  beyond.  These  old  fathers  of  ours,  who  put  up 
this  balustrade  and  adorned  the  five  acres  which  were  the  be- 
ginning of  the  Fairmount  Park,  where  we  now  stand,  had  a 
sense  of  art,  which  I think  it  would  be  idle  to  depreciate.  As 
far  as  the  Callowhill  Street  bridge,  the  development  is  beauti- 
ful. South  of  it  is  an  eyesore  of  neglected  river  banks.  Heaven 
grant  they  may  be  redeemed. 

But  the  work  has  not  yet  been  done  and  I suppose  some- 

25 


one  here,  if  he  came  from  another  city,  would  say  Philadelphia 
is  too  slow.  Philadelphia  is  not  too  slow.  Philadelphia  is  not 
slow  at  all.  A city  that  can  develop  from  seven  hundred 
thousand  to  a million  eight  hundred  thousand  people  in  fifty 
years  and  whose  industries  are  among  the  greatest  in  the 
world  is  not  slow.  But  Philadelphia,  like  every  great  historic 
city,  lacks  the  sense  of  the  passing  of  time.  I remember  once 
asking  a great  Italian  in  Rome  what  he  thought  of  a dis- 
tinguished American — President  Roosevelt — who  had  just  left 
Rome  after  coming  up  from  Africa.  He  looked  at  me  in  a 
pitying  way  and  he  said,  “Mr.  Beck,  from  the  background  of 
our  2600  years  of  history,  Colonel  Roosevelt  seems  small.” 
Then  I realized  what  it  must  be  to  have  a civic  consciousness, 
which  runs  for  twenty-six  centuries  and  which  feels  therefore, 
“Well,  if  this  generation  does  not  do  it,  the  next  will,  and,  if 
the  next  won’t  do  it,  the  following  one  will.  I may  not  be  here 
to  have  it,  but  1 am  a citizen  of  Rome,  I enjoy  all  that  was 
ever  past  and  I am  going  to  enjoy  all  that  is  future.” 

"Phat  is  the  feeling  of  every  great  historic  city — of  Rome, 
Paris,  London;  it  is  the  reason  why  the  great  cathedrals,  that 
are  the  despair  of  the  architect,  like  the  Milan  and  the  Rheims 
cathedrals,  were  so  long  in  building;  it  was  nothing  to  any 
generation  that  it  did  not  live  to  see  them  finished.  What  they 
were  concerned  about  was  that  sufficient  time  should  be  taken, 
because  centuries  were  nothing  to  a city  that  lives  for  centuries. 

Take  a city  like  Chicago;  it  has  no  such  time  sense,  it 
cares  nothing  about  what  happened  last  year  and  little  about 
what  will  happen  tomorrow.  What  it  wants  is  to  do  it  today. 
“Let  us  see  it  and  get  done  with  it.”  When  Chicago  says, 
“I  will,”  it  begins  and  ends  an  improvement,  while  we  are 
still  dreaming  about  it.  That  does  not  mean  that  we  are  un- 
fortunate and  they  fortunate  in  this  different  point  of  view — 
not  at  all. 

Do  you  know  that  it  has  been  a great  blessing  that  Phila- 
delphia has  had  this  time  consciousness  and  has  rarely  done 
things  too  quickly.^  If  we  had  not  been  quite  so  hasty  with 
the  City  Hall,  we  should  have  had  a better  building.  If  we 
had  planned  and  built  the  Parkway,  when  I,  among  others, 
urged  it,  it  would  have  been  a one  hundred  feet  wide  street 
and  nothing  more  and,  while  it  would  have  been  a great  im- 
provement, it  never  would  have  been  the  stupendous  thing 
that  it  has  become.  There  is  not  a city  in  the  world,  which 
has  done  anything  upon  such  a splendid  scale,  since  Baron 

26 


Haussmann  revolutionized  Paris.  There  are  improvements, 
as  in  Washington,  with  open  spaces,  or  in  Chicago,  with  the 
open  lake  front,  but  in  the  tearing  down  of  thousands  of  build- 
ings and  the  building  of  a great  avenue,  which  will  last  tor 
centuries,  the  Parkway  has  developed  by  mere  patience  into 
a work  of  stupendous  magnitude. 

I can  remember,  when  we  wanted  to  put  the  Art  Gallery 
on  Lemon  Hill.  The  design  then  selected  was  as  nothing  com- 
pared with  this  magnificent  design,  that,  to  the  honor  of 
Philadelphia  architects,  has  been  provided  for  future  genera- 
tions. I was  impressed,  when  I walked  over  the  foundations 
of  this  building,  with  the  fact  that  for  centuries  to  come  it  will 
not  outgrow  the  space,  ft  is  built,  not  for  tomorrow  or  the 
next  decade  or  for  the  rest  of  the  century.  That  building  is 
built,  as  the  Parkway  is  built,  to  stand  for  centuries  and  to  be 
the  admiration  of  untold  generations  of  Americans  in  the  in- 
definite vista  of  the  future. 

So  there  is  some  advantage  in  the  fact,  that  Philadelphia 
with  its  historic  consciousness,  is  not  particularly  concerned 
whether  this  generation  does  the  work  or  the  next  one.  And 
yet  that  attitude  has  its  disadvantages;  it  enormously  multi- 
plies the  expense;  it  denies  us,  who  are,  like  Dante,  past  the 
middle  of  life  and  find  ourselves  in  a dark  and  sombre  wood 
of  gathering  years,  the  pleasure  of  seeing  of  the  travail  of  our 
soul  and  being  satisfied. 

For  my  part,  therefore,  I would  like  to  see  the  golden  mean 
between  the  two  extremes  of  too  little  sense  of  time,  as  in 
Chicago,  and  too  great  a sense  of  time,  as  in  Philadelphia. 
Certainly  I would  have  this  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association, 
as  it  enters  upon  its  Fifty-first  year,  resolve  that,  instead  of 
appealing  to  a membership  of  three  hundred  and  fifty  people, 
it  shall  have  a membership  so  large,  so  representative  of  all 
classes,  all  conditions  of  the  community,  that  it  will  be  the 
great  co-operative  civic  institution,  which  it  was  originally 
planned  to  be  and  which,  with  the  wealth  that  would  flow  in 
by  an  enlarged  membership,  coulci  and  should  each  year  do 
something  that  will  add  materially  to  the  beauty  of  this  city. 

Now,  ladies  and  gentlemen,  I have  taken  far  too  long,  I 
know.  It  is  an  interesting  occasion  and  the  beauty  of  the  sur- 
roundings and  the  compliment  you  have  paid  me  by  your  kind 
attention  hav'e  perhaps  encouraged  me  to  prolong  my  remarks 
unduly.  Let  me  end  my  little  talk  by  saying,  what  I have  often 
said — I apologize  for  repeating  it,  but  it  is  a thought  so  beau- 

27 


tiful  to  me,  that  I have  rarely  spoken  on  this  subject  without 
the  thought  coming  unbidden  to  my  mind — and  that  is,  that 
Philadelphia  is  the  one  American  city  with  a Greek  name  to 
suggest  the  culture  of  Athens.  Its  early  founders  planned 
that  it  should  be  the  Athens  of  x‘\merica.  Charles  Willson 
Peale,  in  his  old  age,  also  expressed  the  hope  of  seeing  the  day 
when  Philadelphia  should  be  the  Athens  of  America.  Its 
Greek  name  is  an  inspiration  and  let  us  therefore  hope,  that 
once  again  in  this  new  world,  with  all  its  magnificent  possi- 
bilities of  art,  that  once  again  in  this  most  historic  city  of  the 
new  world,  there  shall  come  to  pass,  as  was  once  in  ancient 
Greece,  a new  “city  of  the  violet  crown.” 


28 


THE  STORY 
ot  the 

FAIRMOUNT  PARK 
ART  ASSOCIATION 


30 


MUNICIPAL  ART  GAI.LF.RY 
Now  in  course  of  construction  at  the  western  end  of  the  Parkway 


HISTORY 


of  the 

FAIRMOUNT  PARK  ART  ASSOCIATION 

by 

CHARLES  J.  COHEN,  President 

O commemorate  the  Fiftieth  Anniversary 
of  the  founding  of  the  Fairmount  Park 
Association  a brief  account  has  been  pre- 
pared of  its  origin  and  activities  during  the 
half  century  of  its  existence.  Short  bio- 
graphical sketches  have  been  introduced 
describing  the  original  Board  of  Trustees 
and  the  several  Presidents,  who  have  oc- 
cupied that  office,  and  special  accounts  of  individuals  where 
special  service  to  the  Association  seemed  to  warrant  such 
action. 

During  the  spring  of  1871  two  neighbors,  Charles  H. 
Howell  and  Henry  K.  Fox,  conversed  frequently  about  the 
future  development  of  Fairmount  Park  and  the  possibilities 
of  its  adornment  by  statuary  and  other  works  ot  xArt.  Ex- 
tensive plans  for  the  Park  had  just  been  completed  and  the 
land  required  for  it  acquired,  notwithstanding  great  opposi- 
tion from  many  citizens,  who  regarded  the  expenditure  as  an 
unwarranted  outlay  of  municipal  funds. 

All  honor  should  be  accorded  the  memory  of  the  men, 
who  fought  valiantly  for  this  unrivalled  pleasure  ground,  and 
it  is  fitting  that  the  names  of  those  composing  the  first  Board 
of  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park,  men  who  served  with- 
out compensation  and  who  with  their  successors  up  to  the 
present  have  maintained  an  unbroken  record  of  distinguished 
achievement,  should  be  recorded. 

Prior  to  the  appointment  of  the  Commission,  public- 
spirited  citizens  had  urged  the  creation  of  the  Park.  The  late 
Ferdinand  H.  Dreer  made  this  statement  at  the  annual  meet- 


.31 


ing  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  December  1,  1895: 

“I  want  to  state  as  a fact,  now  but  little  known,  that  it 
was  largely  due  to  the  unremitting  exertions  of  Charles  S. 
Keyser  and  James  H.  Castle,  that  we  are  indebted  for  our 
Park.  For,  in  1855,  and  even  prior  to  the  consolidation  of 
our  City,  they  were  untiring  in  their  efforts  to  arouse  public 
sentiment  in  favor  of  such  a resort,  and  I know  that  it  was 
through  their  energy  and  continued  work  that  our  City’s 
pleasure  ground  was  at  length  secured.” 

Original  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park  appointed 
in  1867: 

Eli  K.  Price 

John  Welsh 

William  Sellers 

Joseph  Harrison 

John  C.  Cresson 

The  members  ex  officio  were: 

Morton  McMichael,  Mayor 
Joshua  Spering,  President  of  Select  Council 
Joseph  F.  Marcer,  President  of  Common  Council 
Charles  Dixey,  Commissioner  of  City  Property 
Frederick  Graff,  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Water  Works 
Strickland  Kneass,  Chief  Engineer  of  the  City 

I'he  first  meeting  of  the  Commission  was  held  on  June  3, 
1867,  at  which  the  above-named  were  present.  The  following 
officers  were  elected: 

Morton  McMichael,  President 
George  G.  Meade,  Pice-President 
James  E.  Marcer,  Secretary 
N.  H.  Browne,  Treasurer 

THE  FOUNDING  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION 

1871 

In  June,  1871,  fifteen  gentlemen  consented  to  act  as 
temporary  officers  and  trustees  of  the  proposed  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association.  Drafts  of  Preamble,  Constitution  and 
By-Laws  were  prepared  and  on  the  22nd  of  June  a subscrip- 
tion book  was  opened  and  over  two  hundred  became  members 
of  the  proposed  Association. 

On  September  27th  the  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the 
Commercial  National  Bank,  314  Chestnut  Street,  adopted  the 

32 


N.  B.  Browne 
Theodore  Cuyler 
Henry  M.  Phillips 
Gustavus  Remak 
George  G.  Meade 


report  of  the  Committee  on  Charter  and  made  formal  appli- 
cation to  the  State  Legislature  for  the  Charter,  a requirement 
that  has  been  superseded  under  the  amended  constitution 
of  1874. 

The  Preamble*  and  Constitution  were  adopted  and  the 
following  Officers  and  Trustees  were  elected: 

PRESIDENT 
Anthony  J.  Drexel 

VICE-PRESIDENT 
H.  CoRBiT  Ogden 


TREASURER 
James  L.  Claghorn 

SECRETARY 
John  Bellangee  Cox 


'IRUSTEES 


A.  J.  Drexel 
James  L.  Claghorn 
Edward  H.  Trotter 
\Vm.  j.  Horstmann 
Henry  C.  Gibson 
Samuel  S,  White 
Henry  K.  Fox 

Charles 


Thomas  Dolan 
Archibald  Campbell 
Joseph  Frailey  Smith 
John  Bellangee  Cox 
H.  CoRBiT  Ogden 
Fred  Meade  Bissell 
Walter  Lippincott 
H.  Howell 


A notice  stated: 

“The  Charter  may  be  signed  at  Bailey  & Co.’s,  Twelfth 
and  Chestnut  Streets;  J.  E.  Caldwell  & Co.’s,  902  Chestnut 
Street;  J.  S.  Earle  & Son’s,  816  Chestnut  Street;  C.  H.  & H.  P. 
Muirhead’s,  205  South  Sixth  Street;  and  at  the  Office  of  The 
Association,  528  Locust  Street.’’ 

It  is  a notable  fact  that,  notwithstanding  the  great  activi- 
ties and  prominent  position  held  by  Anthony  J.  Drexel  in  the 
community,  this  was  the  only  Association  (with  the  exception 
of  the  Drexel  Institute),  of  which  he  at  any  time  would  accept 
the  Presidency,  and  he  remained  in  that  position  until  his 
death. 

Of  those  original  members,  the  only  one  who  has  survived 
to  the  present  day,  still  retaining  his  membership  in  the 
Board,  is  Henry  K.  Fox,  who  tells  ol  his  early  friendship  with 
Charles  H.  Howell  and  of  an  informal  meeting  at  their  home, 
where  they  discussed  the  possibilities  of  interesting  the  mem- 
bers of  the  community  in  such  an  undertaking.  Shortly 


* See  page  262 


33 


J.2'. 


cAd<i(n£^ . 


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uxr//~—  A'' 


7 (l7</^iuy  cCcii^ 

^ Vj-^y/y 


,/^2-2~  e^. 


Reproduction  of  the  signatures  of  the  first  members  of 
the  Association. 


34 


!<j  ^IaMa^  ^ ^^dAiA^C^<^,  d*^ V^ 

2o  y- /£ '^ 

-£-^ 

(j  (UhiUA^ijiiA^^  /din/  JjL^ 

/Ja/<^  /j^^Xyr 


^i- 


Si 


1!  ~^0aM/t/c/d A?  /M~^>(!UA:^,4^ 


/ftp  /P//^'Jit:^tC^9^, 


Signatures  of  the  first  members  continued. 


35 


tyi. 

3o 


3/ 


/ S^-3  — 


c^Ty  />»5^ 

(jic,  33 

u-  7//r^. 

, ^/LuO'^A^f 

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^lij  i-j 

7<y  ffh/^J^uit-^ 

is  ^iCuu^ 

/fiyfS'  /£ 

x2 


M>y*/t  rt  ^ 


^ /Xt/ 


S<nA~^  *■< 


4ro  ^ 

Signatures  of  the  first  memlters  continued. 


36 


thereafter  Mr.  Fox  had  married  Miss  Eliza  H.  Landell,  whose 
father  was  of  Eyre  and  Landell,  well  known  merchants  at 
Fourth  and  Arch  Streets.  Mr.  Fox  was  the  son  of  Daniel 
M.  Fox,  a distinguished  member  of  the  bar,  who  was  Mayor 
of  Philadelphia  during  the  years  1869  to  1871  and  who  sec- 
onded his  son’s  ambitious  effort  toward  his  desired  goal. 

1872 

In  February,  1872,  suitable  By-Eaws  were  adopted. 
Edwin  N.  Benson  was  elected  an  honorary  member;  William 
S.  Baker,  Anthony  J.  Drexel,  James  L.  Claghorn,  Henry  C. 
Gibson  and  Charles  H.  Muirhead,  all  men  closely  identified 
with  art  interests  in  Philadelphia  at  that  period,  were  elected 
life  members. 

The  first  annual  meeting  was  held  Tuesday,  October  15, 
1872,  at  8 o’clock  in  the  evening,  in  the  room  of  the  Board  of 
Trade  in  the  Mercantile  Library  Building,  Tenth  Street  above 
Chestnut  Street.  It  was  presided  over  by  Joseph  Patter- 
son, a distinguished  banker.  President  of  the  Western 
National  Bank  (then  situated  on  Chestnut  Street  above 
Fourth,  adjoining  the  United  States  Custom  House  on  the 
west),  and  a man  highly  considered  in  Philadelphia;  he  en- 
joyed a national  reputation,  having  been  closely  associated 
with  the  Secretary  of  the  United  States  Treasury  in  floating 
Government  loans  for  the  conduct  of  the  Civil  War. 

At  this  meeting  an  address  was  delivered  by  the  Hon. 
Benjamin  Harris  Brewster,  the  quality  of  which  would  appeal 
to  the  present-day  reader.  This  was  followed  by  annual 
meetings  in  regular  course.  One  address  was  given  by  the 
Hon.  Joseph  R.  Chandler,  identified  with  the  Philadelphia 
North  American,  and  a man  held  in  high  esteem  for  his  char- 
acter and  literary  qualifications.  Other  addresses  were  de- 
livered by  Henry  C.  Carey,  a noted  book  publisher  and 
literateur,  and  by  Charles  J.  Stille,  Provost  of  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania. 

The  Board  of  Trustees  now  met  monthly  at  the  office  of 
the  Commercial  National  Bank  at  the  corner  of  Chestnut 
Street  and  Hudson’s  Alley  (now  Orianna  Street),  No.  314,  of 
which  institution  Mr.  James  L.  Claghorn,  then  Treasurer  of 
the  Association,  was  President. 

The  first  undertaking  of  magnitude  was  the  formation  of 
a committee  to  erect  a statue  of  Major  General  George  Gordon 

37 


Meade,  the  hero  of  Gettysburg,  who  had  recently  died,  and 
whose  memory  was  precious  to  Philadelphians,  since  his  able 
conduct  of  the  battle  had  ensured  the  safety  of  the  City  at 
that  critical  period  of  the  War.  The  fund  of  approximately 
twenty  thousand  dollars,  after  much  discussion,  had  been 
invested  in  United  States  10  40  bonds  at  a price  slightly  ex- 
ceeding par,  which  action  was  severely  criticised  by  some 
members  of  the  Board,  inasmuch  as  the  belief  prevailed  that 
a much  higher  rate  of  interest  could  have  been  obtained  from 
other  securities,  of  which  there  were  many  offerings  at  that 
time.  However,  an  appeal  was  made  to  Mr.  Drexel,  who 
approved  the  investment;  and  it  proved  profitable,  inasmuch 
as  the  bonds  advanced  to  a price  of  about  120  and  when  dis- 
posed of  added  materially  to  the  principal  of  the  fund. 

This  is  mentioned  as  an  endorsement  of  the  conservative 
policy  that  has  guided  the  administration  of  the  funds  of  the 
Association.  The  policy  was  subsequently  embodied  in 
the  By-Laws  and  has  resulted  in  a gratifying  aggregation  of 
permanent  funds. 

The  total  number  of  members  of  the  Association  at  that 
date  was  two  hundred  and  thirty-one.  Mention  is  made  of  a 
special  donation  from  Edwin  N.  Benson  of  3500. 

I'he  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  current  year: 

Anthony  J.  Drexel,  President 
James  L.  Claghorn,  Treasurer 
John,  Bellangee  Cox,  Secretary 

The  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means  were: 

J.  Frailey  Smith,  Chairman 

John  Bellangee  Cox  Charles  H.  Howell 

Walter  Lippincott  H.  Corbit  Ogden 

The  Committee  on  Works  of  Art  were: 

Henry  C.  Gibson,  Chairman 
(who  later  resigned  and  was  succeeded  by) 

Chapman  Biddle,  Chairman 
Wii  .LIAM  J.  Horstmann,  deceased 
succeeded  by 
Charles  H.  Rogers 

James  L.  Claghorn  Fdwin  N.  Benson 

Samuel  S.  White  Joseph  Patterson 

F.dward  H.  Trotter  M.  Baird 

The  Auditing  Committee  were: 

Henry  K.  Fox  Walter  Lippincott 


38 


At  the  first  annual  meeting  announcement  was  made  of 
the  purchase  of  the  bronze  piece,  “Two  Hudson  Hay  Wolves,” 
by  Kemeys,  which  was  mounted  and  placed  at  Lansdowne 
entrance.  West  Park. 

Two  members  of  the  original  Board  died  during  the  year, 
Edward  H.  Trotter*  on  May  3d  and  William  J.  Horstmann** 
on  May  10th. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Hoard  held  November  9,  1872,  the 
committee  for  the  memorial  to  the  late  Major  General  George 
Gordon  Meade  was  appointed,  the  Association  agreeing  to 
contribute  35,000  toward  the  fund.  The  committee  was  as 
follows: 

Archibald  Campbell,  Chairman 
Chapman  Biddle  J.  Frailey  Smith 

Charles  H.  Rogers  Charles  H.  Howell 


1874 

Hy  act  of  Congress,  approved  June  22,  1874,  the  United 
States  gave  to  this  Association  “twenty  twelve-pounder  con- 
demned bronze  cannon,  to  be  used  in  erecting  a bronze  eques- 
trian statue  to  the  memory  of  the  late  Major  Gen.  George 
Gordon  Meade  within  the  limits  of  the  City  ot  Philadelphia.” 

At  the  meeting  held  December  16,  1874,  the  following 
action  was  taken: 

“1.  That  the  Treasurer  set  apart  33,000  of  the  funds  of 
the  Association  as  a foundation  for  a permanent  fund. 

2.  That  the  Treasurer  shall  hereafter  add  to  this  said 
permanent  fund  all  the  sums  of  money  hereafter  received  from 
life  membership  dues  together  with  10  per  centum  of  all  dues 
received  from  annual  members  and  all  special  contributions, 
bequests,  etc.,  except  such  as  may  hereafter  be  otherwise 
disposed  of.” 

This  was  the  beginning  of  the  permanent  fund  that  has 
now  reached  the  proper  total  of  upwards  of  3120,000,  the 
accretion  being  largely  due  to  the  personal  effort  of  the  late 
Charles  H.  Howell,  who  visited  his  many  friends,  explaining 
the  value  of  a permanent  fund,  the  interest  of  which  might 
be  used  only  after  the  principal  had  reached  the  amount  of 
3100,000;  this  feature  appealed  to  public-spirited  men  of  the 
day  and  the  result  was  as  announced. 


* For  Biography,  see  page  111. 

**  See  page  103. 


39 


Archibald  Campbell,  a member  of  the  original  Board, 
died  December  23,  1874.* 


1875 

The  Bronze  (iroup,  “The  Djdng  Lioness,”  by  Professor 
Wolff  was  purchased  and  subsequently  placed  on  the  Con- 
course, on  Girard  Avenue,  in  front  of  the  Zoological  Gardens. 

1876 

The  Centennial  Exposition  of  1876  gave  an  impetus  to 
the  creation  of  art  work  as  well  as  to  a greatly  increased 
interest  on  the  part  of  the  average  citizen  in  the  decoration 
of  the  Park  and  in  art  work  generally.  The  minutes  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  are  replete  with  evidences  of  this  interest, 
which  developed  into  accessions  of  art  works  decorative  to 
the  Park  and  interesting  as  historical  memorials. 

1877 

The  following  paragraph,  quoted  from  the  annual  report 
presented  November  26,  1877,  stimulated  action  toward  the 
completion  of  the  fund  for  the  statue  of  General  Meade: 

“It  is  becoming  popular,  and  perhaps  it  is  proper,  to  for- 
get the  acrimonious  issues  and  to  cover  up  the  wounds  of  civil 
strife,  but  there  is  no  patriot  who  can  wish  to  extend  this  ob- 
livion to  the  memories  of  the  heroism  displayed  in  that  fearful 
contest.  It  is  the  duty  of  every  citizen  and  to  the  interest  of 
the  republic  to  treasure  up  such  memories  and  seek  to  per- 
petuate them  in  repositories,  which,  defying  the  approaches 
of  Time,  will  memorialize  youth  and  growing  manhood  that 
it  is  a good  thing  to  serve  one’s  country  well  in  the  hour  of  its 
supreme  trial  and  danger.” 

In  1877  five  fountains  were  purchased  in  Paris;  they  had 
been  cast  at  the  Foundry  of  \’al  D’  Osne;  two  were  placed  on 
East  River  Drive  below  Girard  Avenue  Bridge  and  three  near 
the  Lincoln  Monument. 

The  Trustees  of  the  F'ranklin  Institute  presented  the 
sculptor  Thom’s  group  of  four  figures  in  sandstone,  “Tam 
O’Shanter,”  illustrating  a scene  from  the  famous  poem  of 


* See  page  85. 


40 


Robert  Burns.  This  is  placed  on  the  East  River  Drive,  under 
a rustic  shelter,*  opposite  the  boat  houses. 

1878 

In  the  minutes  of  the  Board,  January  5,  1878,  the  fol- 
lowing phrase  occurs: 

“Advisability  of  selecting  such  works  as  would  illustrate 
and  perpetuate  the  early  history  of  this  country.” 

It  is  possible  that  this  sentiment  acted  as  a suggestion  to 
the  late  Mrs.  Ellen  Phillips  Samuel,  when  she  drew  her  will 
bequeathing  to  this  Association  nearly  her  entire  fortune  of 
upwards  of  ^765,000  for  this  express  purpose,  to  which  refer- 
ence will  be  made  later. 

In  the  same  year  the  Board  decided  that  it  was  expedient 
to  contract  with  native  artists  in  further  commissions.  This 
is  always  a moot  question,  since  art  knows  no  nationality  and 
the  best  should  be  available;  but,  while  selection  of  artists 
should  not  be  restricted  to  one’s  own  country,  it  does  seem 
imperative  that  native  artists  should  be  encouraged  by  com- 
missions wherever  practicable,  since  it  is  self-evident  that  art 
cannot  flourish  unless  supported  by  proper  financial  returns. 

1879 

On  the  30th  of  December,  1879,  Samuel  Stockton  White* 
died  in  Paris,  Erance.  Mr.  White  was  one  of  the  original 
Board  of  Trustees. 

1880 

A large  fountain  was  purchased  and  placed  near  the 
Dauphin  Street  entrance  to  the  East  Park  at  a short  distance 
south  of  Woodford  Mansion. 

Mr.  Joseph  Erailey  Smith**  died  June  26th. 

Colonel  Chapman  Biddle  died  December  9th.  Colonel 
Biddle  was  an  eminent  citizen,  prominent  at  the  Bar  and  loved 
and  respected  by  the  community.  He  became  a Trustee 
shortly  after  the  organization  of  the  Board  and  aided  to  a 
marked  degree  in  the  establishment  of  the  Society. 

* Built  from  a design  prepared  by  Charles  M.  Burns,  Architect.  All  the  works  in 
sculpture,  secured  by  this  Association,  are  reproduced  herein.  Reference  to  the  pages  may  be 
found  in  the  Index. 

* See  page  113. 

**  See  page  109. 


41 


On  October  27th,  the  Board  inaugurated  the  movement 
for  a Garfield  Memorial  Fund. 

1882-83 

It  is  desirable  to  note  the  beginning  of  the  conservative 
action  in  the  matter  of  investment  that  inspired  confidence 
in  the  minds  of  the  general  public.  At  the  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees,  December  18,  1882,  the  following  motion 
was  offered,  “that  the  Treasurer  be  directed  to  invest  all 
amounts  of  Five  Thousand  Dollars  and  over,  that  may  accrue 
in  the  various  funds  of  this  Association,  in  United  States, 
State  of  Pennsylvania  or  City  of  Philadelphia  securities.” 
After  discussion,  it  was  laid  over  to  the  next  meeting,  at  which 
time,  January  9,  1883,  it  was  resolved,  “that  the  Treasurer  is 
hereby  instructed  to  invest  all  sums  of  Two  Thousand  Dollars 
and  over  of  each  of  the  various  funds  in  United  States  Treasury 
bonds,  Pennsylvania  State  bonds  or  bonds  of  the  City  of 
Philadelphia,  to  the  credit  of  the  respective  funds.” 

It  may  be  stated  that  the  cause  of  this  action  was  an  in- 
v'estment  of  a considerable  sum  as  a call  loan  without  security, 
an  action  reprehensible  for  an  organization  of  this  character. 

1884 

In  1884  the  group  of  “Orestes  and  Pylades”  was  pur- 
chased and  erected  as  a fountain  near  Columbia  Avenue  en- 
trance to  the  East  Park. 

James  L.  Claghorn*  died  August  25th.  Mr.  Claghorn 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Association  and  was  Treasurer 
from  its  inception. 

1885 

In  1885  the  group,  “Silenus  and  the  Infant  Bacchus,” 
attributed  to  Praxiteles,  was  reproduced  in  bronze  by  Bar- 
bedienne  of  Paris  from  the  original  in  the  Louvre.  It  was 
purchased  and  erected  on  the  East  side  of  the  Main  Drive 
near  the  Brown  Street  entrance  to  the  old  Park. 

“The  Wrestlers,”  reproduced  in  bronze  by  Barbedienne, 
Paris,  France,  from  the  original  antique  in  the  Royal  Gallery 
of  Florence,  Italy,  was  presented  to  the  Association  by  Mr. 
Anthony  J.  Drexel.  It  was  mounted  on  a pedestal  of  granite 
on  the  West  side  of  the  Main  Drive,  at  the  foot  of  Lemon 


See  page  87. 


42 


Hill,  near  the  Brown  Street  entrance  to  the  old  Park,  in 
November,  1885. 

1886 

At  the  annual  meeting,  held  March  24th,  the  following 
Resolution  was  adopted; 

“Whereas  The  Board  of  Trustees,  on  the  sixteenth  day  of  December, 
A.  D.,  1874,  established  the  Permanent  Fund  by  resolving  in  the  words 
following: 

1.  That  the  Treasurer  set  apart  33000  of  the  funds  of  the  Association 
as  a foundation  for  a Permanent  Fund. 

2.  That  the  Treasurer  shall  hereafter  add  to  the  said  Permanent  Fund 
all  the  sums  of  money  hereafter  received  from  life  membership  dues, 
together  with  ten  per  centum  of  all  dues  received  from  annual  members, 
and  all  special  contributions,  bequests,  etc.,  except  such  as  may  hereafter 
be  otherwise  disposed  of. 

.And  Whereas  It  is  desirable  that  the  said  Permanent  Fund  shall  be 
by  this  Association  declared  inviolable; 

Therefore  be  it  Resolved,  That  the  principal  of  the  said  Permanent 
Fund  shall  never  be  expended  or  reduced  for  any  purpose  whatever. 

Resolved,  That  the  interest  of  the  said  Permanent  Fund  shall  not  be 
expended  for  any  purpose  whatever,  and  that  it  shall  be  accumulated  and 
added  to  the  Fund  and  be  made  part  of  the  principal  thereof,  until  this 
Association  shall  order  it  otherwise.” 

At  a meeting  of  the  Board,  held  on  November  22d,  Mr. 
John  Bellangee  Cox,  who  had  held  the  office  of  Secretary  for 
hlteen  years,  presented  his  resignation  of  that  office  on  ac- 
count of  pressing  business  engagements.  It  is  eminently  due 
to  the  memory  of  Mr.  Cox  that  the  following  resolution, 
unanimously  carried  at  that  meeting,  should  be  re-published. 

“Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association,  acknowledging  the  imperative  reasons  given  by  Mr.  Cox  for 
resigning  his  office  as  Secretary  of  this  Association,  accept  his  resignation 
with  profound  regret. 

“Resolv'ed,  That  this  Board,  desiring  to  record  their  appreciation  of 
his  valued  and  long-continued  services,  hereby  appoint  Mr.  Cox  Honorary 
Member  of  this  Association.” 

The  Women’s  Committee  for  the  Meade  Memorial  was 
formed  with  Mary  McHenry  as  Chairman  and  Louise  E. 
Claghorn  as  Secretary  and  Treasurer;  Miss  Claghorn  was  a 
sister  of  James  1..  Claghorn,  the  Treasurer  of  the  Association. 
The  women  set  to  work  with  enthusiasm  and  succeeded  after 
a comparatively  short  time  in  raising  the  necessary  fund,  so 
that  the  committee  issued  invitations  to  sculptors  to  prepare 
and  submit  designs;  and  the  women,  having  secured  the  neces- 

43 


sary  fund,  claimed  the  privilege  of  sharing  in  the  selection  of 
the  sculptor;  this  was  an  innovation  that  the  members  ol  the 
Board  had  not  anticipated  and  one  that  at  first  encountered 
opposition;  it  was  only  after  days  of  mediation  between  the 
two  bodies  that  the  Board  was  finally  persuaded  to  accept 
joint  action  with  the  Women’s  Committee. 

This  was  an  anxious  period,  but  the  difficulty  was  solved, 
a number  of  designs  received  and  the  successful  sculptor, 
Alexander  Milne  Calder,  was  awarded  the  commission;  and 
the  statue  now  stands  in  that  portion  of  the  Park  between 
Memorial  Hall  and  the  river. 


1887 

The  unveiling  of  the  Meade  Memorial  took  place  Tues- 
day, October  18,  1887,  and  was  attended  by  a brilliant  mili- 
tary gathering  and  distinguished  civilians. 

The  following  is  a brief  recapitulation: 

A.  J.  Drexel,  President  and  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee 

Committee  on  Invitation: 

Col.  John  P.  Nicholson,  Chairman 

Finance  Committee: 

Capt.  W.  W.  Frazier,  Jr.,  Chairman 

Committee  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic: 

Col.  Maurice  F.  Fagan,  Post  No.  2,  Chairman 
Col.  Robert  B.  Heath,  Post  No.  5,  Secretary 
Capt.  John  Taylor,  Post  No.  51,  Treasurer 

Reception  Committee: 

Col.  Theo.  K.  Wiedersheim,  Chairman 

Committee  on  Arrangements: 

Col.  Robert  B.  Heath,  Chairman 

Women’s  Auxiliary  Committee: 

Mrs.  J.  Bellangee  Cox  (Mary  McHenry)  President 
.Mrs.  j.  Dundas  Lippincott,  First  Vice-Presideyit 
Mrs.  Thomas  Hockley,  Second  Fice-President 
Miss  Fanny  Magee,  Third  Vice-President 
Miss  Louise  E.  Claghorn,  Secretary  and  Treasurer 


44 


ORDER  OF  EXERCISES 

His  Honor,  Edwin  H.  Fitler,  Mayor  of  the  City  of  Phila- 
delphia, presided.  Music,  First  Regiment  Band.  Invocation 
and  Prayer,  the  Rt.  Rev.  Cortlandt  Whitehead,  D.D.,  Bishop 
of  Pittsburgh.  America,  Chorus  led  by  Col.  O.  C.  Bosbyshelh 
Presentation  of  the  Statue,  by  the  Hon.  Benjamin  Harris 
Brewster,  and  its  unveiling  by  Master  George  Gordon  Meade 
and  Master  George  Gordon  Meade  Large,  grandsons  of  Gen- 
eral Meade.  Reception  of  the  Statue,  by  the  Hon.  George  H. 
Boker,  President  of  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park. 

Military: 

Marshal,  Colonel  James  C.  Biddle 
Standard  Bearers  supporting  three  historic  flags; 
Headquarters  Army  of  Potomac 
Headquarters  Fifth  Corps 
Headquarters  Pennsylvania  Reserves 

First  Troop  Philadelphia  City  Cavalry 
General  E.  Burd  Grubb,  commanding 
Survivors  Pennsylvania  Reserves 
Survivors  114th  Regiment  Pennsylvania  \ olunteers 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  representatives  of  33  posts 
First  Brigade  National  Guard  of  Pennsylvania 
Governor  James  A.  Beaver  and  Staff 
Major  General  John  F.  Hartranft  and  Staff 
Officers  of  the  Army,  Navy  and  Marine  Corps,  active  and  retired 
Members  of  the  U.  S.  Congress  and  of  the  Legislature  of  Pennsyl- 
vania 

General  John  Gibbon,  U.  S.  A.,  delivered  the  oration,  in 
which  the  career  of  General  Meade  was  reviewed  in  a masterly 
manner  and  full  credit  was  given  to  his  great  achievement  at 
the  field  of  Gettysburg. 

Upwards  of  5000  were  present. 

1888 

In  the  minutes  of  March  22d  occurs  the  following: 

“The  Chairman  (Thomas  Hockley)  announced  that 
Messrs.  Harrison  Bros.  & Co.  desired  to  supply  the  Associa- 
tion with  funds  for  a Statue  of  their  ancestor,  John  Harrison, 
the  founder  of  their  establishment.” 

This  matter  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Works  of 
Art,  which  was  followed  on  March  29,  1888,  by  the  following 
action: 

“Resolved,  That  it  is  inexpedient  at  the  jpresent  time  for  the  Asso- 
ciation to  undertake  the  formation  of  a fund  for  the  erection  of  a statue 
of  the  late  John  Harrison.” 


45 


Recently  the  Association  has  been  informed  that  by  the 
will  of  the  late  Thomas  Skelton  Harrison  a sum  approximat- 
ing fifteen  thousand  dollars  has  been  bequeathed  by  him  to 
this  Association  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  the  statue  referred 
to  above,  Harrison  having  been  noted  as  the  first  manufac- 
turer in  this  country  of  sulphuric  acid,  probably  the  most  im- 
portant article  of  chemicals  that  had  been  produced  up  to 
that  time. 

On  March  29th,  the  late  Ferdinand  J.  Dreer,  then  \'ice- 
President  and  a member  of  the  Board,  suggested  that  the 
memory  of  General  La  Fayette  should  be  perpetuated  in  a bronze 
statue  and  announced  that  he  would  subscribe  one  hundred 
dollars  to  begin  the  fund.  Owing  to  the  many  activities  of 
the  Association  in  various  directions,  this  suggestion  has  not 
developed,  but  it  is  hoped,  that,  at  no  distant  time,  when 
normal  conditions  have  been  resumed,  the  necessary  amount 
may  be  obtained  and  that  due  recognition  may  be  made  of 
the  eminent  services  that  La  Fayette  rendered  to  this  country 
in  the  time  of  its  greatest  stress. 

At  the  annual  meeting,  held  March  29th,  Mr.  Leslie  W. 
Miller  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted: 

“ Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  meeting  that  the  charter  of 
this  Association  should  be  so  amended  as  to  extend  its  scope  to  the  whole 
corporate  limits  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia.” 

Following  this,  the  City  Branch  was  established,  the 
charter  having  been  duly  amended,  so  as  to  extend  its  scope 
as  noted  above. 

The  Indian  Group,  “Stone  Age  in  America,”  by  John 
J.  Boyle,  a commission  from  the  Association,  was  placed  in 
the  West  Park  near  the  Children’s  Public  Play  Ground. 

The  Bronze  Group,  “Lioness  carrying  to  her  young  a 
Wild  Boar,”  by  August  Cain,  a commission  from  the  Associa- 
tion, was  placed  near  the  foot  of  Lemon  Hill 

John  Bellangee  Cox,*  a member  of  the  original  Board  of 
Trustees  and  the  first  Secretary  of  the  Association,  died 
during  this  year. 

1890 

The  Equestrian  statue  of  Jeanne  d’Arc  by  Fremiet  was 
unveiled  November  15,  1890. 


* See  page  91. 


46 


ORDER  OF  EXERCISES 


Invocation  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  C.  Miel.  Unveiling  by  Miss 
Lucille  Rigueur;  music  by  Girard  College  Band,  “La  Mar- 
seillaise.” Address  by  Samuel  Gustine  I'hompson,  in  receiv- 
ing the  statue,  on  behalf  of  the  Commissioners  of  E'airmount 
Park;  address  by  M.  Louis  Vossion,  EVench  Consul,  on  behalf 
of  M.  Fremiet,  the  sculptor.  Oration  by  Professeur  Rigueur 
in  EAench. 

The  Annual  Report,  presented  December  12th,  noted: 

“Your  Association  has  been  criticised  in  purchasing  so 
often  works  of  art  which  exhibit  brute  force  or  cruelty. 

“While  not  accepting  this  criticism  as  correct  in  an  Art 
sense,  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  it  is  not  within  the 
province  of  your  Board,  nor  indeed  within  its  power,  to  inter- 
fere with  the  conceptions  of  great  artists.  The  choice  must 
be  made  from  the  best  works  as  created.  There  has  not  been 
a single  production  of  genuine  merit  placed  within  our  reach 
that  has  not  been  purchased  as  our  means  allowed.  We  have 
contracted  for  works  even  when  it  was  necessary  to  trust  to 
the  art-loving  public  to  complete  the  amount  necessary  for 
their  acquisition.  This  trust  has  never  been  disappointed.” 

1891 

The  first  bequest  to  the  Association  is  recorded  in  the 
minutes  of  November  16,  1891,  when  announcement  was 
made  that  eight  thousand  dollars  had  been  bequeathed  by 
the  late  Alfred  Bamber;  this  was  immediately  invested  and 
added  materially  to  the  permanent  fund. 

Henry  C.  Gibson,*  a member  of  the  original  Board  of 
Trustees  of  this  Association,  died  during  the  year  1891. 

1892 

On  November  22,  1892,  J.  Sergeant  Price  was  extended 
the  thanks  of  the  Board  for  his  professional  services,  which 
were  rendered  without  charge.  He  continued  to  serve  for  many 
years,  up  to  the  time  of  his  death,  giving  important  advice  in 
all  matters  relating  to  legal  affairs  as  they  occurred.  Mr. 
Price  was  a life  member  and  at  all  times  evinced  a keen  inter- 
est in  the  welfare  of  the  Association.  His  father  was  a member 


• See  page  101. 


47 


of  the  original  Fairmount  Park  Commission  and  his  son  is 
now  Vice-President  of  the  Commission  and  one  of  the  Trustees 
of  this  Association, 

The  most  important  work  accomplished  by  the  Associa- 
tion was  announced  December  27th,  at  a meeting  held  at  the 
office  of  Drexel  & Company,  when  Mr.  Drexel  presided  and 
the  officers  ot  the  Association  were  authorized  to  enter  into  a 
contract  with  Daniel  Chester  French  for  the  bronze  equestrian 
statue  ot  (leneral  U.  S.  Grant. 

1893 

In  January  permission  was  given  to  John  J.  Boyle  for 
the  removal  ot  his  tamous  group,  “The  Stone  Age,”  from 
the  Park  to  Chicago,  to  be  exhibited  at  the  World’s  Fair,  an 
exceptional  undertaking.  It  was  a high  compliment  to  the 
sculptor  as  well  as  to  the  Association,  that  had  given  the  com- 
mission. 

On  March  1st  the  suggestion  was  made  by  Charles  H. 
Howell  that  perpetual  memberships  should  be  created.  This 
was  carried  out  and  has  added  materially  to  the  increase  of 
the  permanent  fund. 

A member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  visiting  Europe  dur- 
ing the  spring,  called  upon  Martin  Wolff,  the  noted  sculptor, 
at  Berlin,  and  was  much  impressed  by  his  statue  of  Brutus 
in  marble.  He  was  informed  that  it  had  been  done  especially 
for  a patron  in  Denmark,  who  had  died,  and  hence  it  was  not 
practicable  to  complete  the  contract;  it  had  been  offered  to 
the  Imperial  German  Government,  but  the  Director  of  Fine 
Arts  had  immediately  replied  that  under  no  circumstances 
would  the  representation  of  a conspirator  against  authorized 
government  be  permitted  to  occupy  any  public  place  in 
Germany. 

On  July  7th  a special  meeting  was  called  to  take  action 
upon  the  death  of  the  first  President  of  the  Association, 
Anthony  J.  Drexel,  at  which  John  Sartain  presided  and 
the  following  are  noted  as  being  present: 

Cornelius  Weygandt,  John  T.  Morris,  Henry  K.  Fox, 
Frederick  Shelton,  Joel  J.  Baily,  Charles  H.  Howell,  Albert 
G.  Hetherington,  Charles  J.  Cohen. 

A minute  recited  the  great  benefit  that  had  accrued 
to  the  Association  through  Mr.  Drexel’s  presidency  and  noted 
his  many  qualities  of  the  highest  citizenship, 

48 


The  Bronze  group,  “Lion  and  Serpent,”  by  Barye  was 
purchased  by  the  Association;  it  is  a replica  of  one  in  the 
Garden  ot  the  Tuileries,  Paris,  and  was  reproduced  by  per- 
mission of  the  French  Government,  It  was  placed  in  Ritten- 
house  Square,  the  presentation  address  made  by  G.  Heide 
Norris,  Esq.,  representing  the  Association,  and  was  received 
by  his  Honor,  xXIayor  Edwin  S.  Stuart,  for  the  City  on  March 
2nd. 


1895 


On  the  death  of  Mrs.  Richard  Smith  on  May  6th,  the 
provision  of  the  will  of  her  husband,  Richard  Smith,  appro- 
priating five  hundred  thousand  dollars  for  a memorial  arch 
in  memory  of  the  Soldiers  and  Sailors  of  the  Civil  War, 
1861-1865,  to  be  erected  in  West  Fairmount  Park,  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  became 
operative.  Soon  thereafter  a special  committee  was  formed 
for  the  purpose  of  undertaking  this  important  work  and  after 
many  discussions  as  to  the  true  meaning  of  the  term,  “under 
the  auspices,”  the  Trustees  finally  accepted  the  responsibility 
of  selecting  the  sculptors  and  approving  their  work.  This 
committee  was  composed  as  follows: 

On  Monumental  Memorial  (bequest  of  Richard  Smith). 

E.  Burgess  Warren,  Chairman 
Charles  J.  Cohen,  Secretary 

On  behalf  of  the  Board  of  Trustees: 

William  W.  Justice  Charles  C.  Harrison,  LL. D. 

On  behalf  of  the  Association: 

Charles  E.  Dana  James  MacAllister,  LL.D. 

Wescott  Bailey  W.  Beaumont  Whitney 


And  the  Committee  on  Works  of  Art: 


Charles  M.  Burns,  Jr. 
Edward  H.  Coates 
Charles  J.  Cohen 
Charles  E.  Dana 
A.  G,  Hetherington 


John  H.  Converse 
Albert  Kelsey 
Leslie  W.  Miller 
John  T.  Morris 
E.  Burgess  Warren 


Special  Sub-Committee  to  consider  the  artistic  work  was 
composed  as  follows: 

P'dward  H.  Coates,  Chairman 
John  T.  Morris  L.  W.  Miller 

Albert  G.  Hetherington  Charles  P',.  Dana 

Charles  J.  Cohen 

49 


From  the  Annual  Report,  October,  1898 

Monumental  Memorial  (bequest  of  Richard  Smith) 

“The  Committee  has  been  actively  engaged  during  the 
current  year  in  the  task  of  selecting  sculptors,  to  whom  the 
bronze  statuary  on  the  proposed  memorial  arch  should  be 
assigned.  After  several  months’  careful  examination  and 
deliberation,  the  Special  Sub-Committee  of  Five,  entrusted 
with  the  detailed  work,  made  an  exhaustive  report,  with  the 
list  of  the  names  of  their  choosing,  to  the  General  Committee, 
by  which  it  was  unanimously  approved.  Subsequently  the 
report  was  placed  before  the  Board  of  IVustees  and  was 
unanimously  accepted  by  them.  A complete  report  was  then 
submitted  to  John  B.  (iest.  Esq.,  Trustee,  and  James  H. 
W’indrim,  Esq.,  Architect,  who  have  approved  the  findings  as 
submitted.  The  work  is  now  progressing  rapidly  toward  an 
early  completion. 

“It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  Fairmount  Park 
Art  Association  and  the  Committees  appointed  have  no 
authority  or  supervision  as  to  the  architectural  design  and 
construction  of  the  memorial  monument  and  gateway,  which 
are  specifically  provided  for  under  the  will  of  Richard  Smith. 

“This  work  covered  upwards  of  fifteen  years,  during  all 
of  which  time  the  Committee  had  very  many  meetings,  in- 
cluding visits  out  of  town,  where  sculptors  resided,  to  make 
careful  inspection  of  the  models  and  the  work  as  it  progressed. 
The  completed  memorial  has  attracted  wide  and  favorable 
comment.’’ 

At  the  24th  Annual  Meeting,  December  28,  1895,  an 
address,  “Elistoric  Mansions  in  Fairmount  Park,’’  by  Charles 
S.  Keyser  was  delivered  and  attracted  wide  attention,  it  being 
the  first  authentic  account  of  the  early  history  attached  to 
these  structures. 

1896 

On  the  evening  of  May  30th  (Memorial  Day),  the  Gar- 
field Monument  was  unveiled.  The  ceremonies  were  unique 
and  imposing,  comprising  a river  fete  with  an  accompanying 
illuminated  pageant  on  the  river  Schuylkill.  This  was  organized 
by  a special  committee,  of  which  ^Iiss  Charlotte  Pendelton 
was  Chairman,  the  Committee  consisting  of  representativ^e 
men  and  women,  who  lent  their  presence  on  the  occasion. 

The  unv^eiling  of  the  memorial  was  by  Harry  A.  Garfield, 

50 


son  of  the  late  President;  the  address  hy  the  Hon.  George  F. 
Edmunds,  Ex-Senator  of  the  United  States;  music  by  a 
stringed  orchestra,  accompanied  by  the  United  Singers  (300 
voices).  The  surrounding  woods  were  gorgeously  illuminated. 

This  assemblage  was  also  considered  to  mark  the  twenty- 
fifth  anniversary  of  the  founding  of  the  Eairmount  Park  Art 
Association. 

1897 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  May  26th,  Mr.  John  Sartain 
gave  an  address  from  his  “Unpublished  Memoirs”;  it  was 
replete  with  interest,  especially  to  Philadelphians,  treating  as 
it  did  sections  of  the  City  that  have  undergone  manifold 
changes. 

In  June  the  colossal  bronze  equestrian  group,  “Lion 
Fighter,”  by  Professor  Albert  Wolff,  was  placed  on  a natural 
jutting  rock.  East  River  Drive,  below  Girard  Avenue  Bridge. 

The  natural  rock,  instead  of  a pedestal,  proved  an  inno- 
vation; it  gives  to  the  work  a fitness  and  grandeur  that  could 
be  obtained  in  no  other  way. 

Deaths  were  announced  of  George  B.  Roberts,  ^dce- 
President,  and  of  J.  Sergeant  Price,  Counsel  of  the  Association, 
and  the  IFmrd  placed  upon  its  minutes  a fitting  expression  of 
its  regard  and  esteem  and  appreciation  of  the  services  of  its 
late  officers. 

1898 

On  December  19th,  Henry  K.  Fox,  the  only  member 
(now  a Trustee)  surviving  of  the  original  Board,  who  had 
served  as  Treasurer  for  many  years,  was  obliged  to  withdraw 
from  the  office,  since  the  duties  had  become  onerous  owing  to 
the  increase  of  the  funds  and  activities  of  the  Association. 
An  appropriate  minute  'was  adopted  and  printed  in  the 
Annual  Report. 

1899 

In  1899,  the  Grant  Monument  was  unveiled.  The  figure 
is  by  Daniel  Chester  French,  the  horse  is  by  Edward  C. 
Potter,  and  the  pedestal  was  designed  by  Frank  Miles  Day 
& Bro. 

Following  the  death  of  General  Ulysses  S.  Grant  in  July, 
1885,  a movement  was  set  on  foot  for  the  purpose  of  collecting 
a suitable  fund  with  which  to  erect  a bronze  equestrian  statue 
to  his  memory.  By  proper  investment  of  the  amount  ob- 

51 


tained  and  an  accretion  of  interest,  together  with  the  liberal 
contribution  made  by  the  City  Councils  of  Philadelphia,  the 
entire  cost  of  the  statue  and  pedestal  had  been  defrayed. 
Grant  Day,  April  27,  1899,  was  decided  upon.  The  day 
opened  cloudy  and  remained  overcast  until  noon,  when  the 
sun  appeared,  and  the  ceremonies  were  of  an  impressive  and 
successful  character.  Stands  were  erected  adjoining  the  statue 
and  were  occupied  by  the  invited  guests,  as  follows: 

His  Excellency,  Hon.  William  McKinley,  President  of  the  United 
States 

Mrs.  William  McKinley,  wife  of  the  President 
Mrs.  Ulysses  S.  Grant,  widow  of  General  Grant 
Hon.  Lyman  J.  Gage,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
Mrs.  Gage 

Hon.  John  Davis  Long,  Secretary  of  the  Navy 
Mrs.  Long 

Hon.  Ethan  Allen  Hitchcock,  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
Hon.  Joh.n  William  Griggs,  Attorney-General 
Mrs.  Griggs 

Brigadier-General  Frederick  D.  Grant,  U.  S.  V.  (Son  of  General 
U.  S.  Grant) 

Mrs.  Grant 

Captain  Algernon  Sartoris,  U.  S.  V.  (Grandson  of  General  U.  S. 
Grant) 

Miss  Rosemary  Sartoris  (Granddaughter  of  General  U.  S.  Grant) 
Lieutenant  Alexander  Sharp,  U.  S.  N.  (Nephew  of  General  U.  S. 
Grant) 

Dr.  Rixey,  Physician  of  the  President 

Mr.  George  B.  Cortelyou,  .Acting  Private  Secretary  (afterward 
Postmaster-General) 

Major-General  Nelson  A.  Miles,  Commanding  U.  S.  Army 
Captain  J.  B.  Coghlan,  U.  S.  S.  “Raleigh” 
Lieutenant-Commander  T.  S.  Phelps,  U.  S.  S.  “Raleigh” 

Hon.  William  A.  Stone,  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth,  Com- 
mander-in-Chief,  National  Guard  of  Pennsylvania 


The  Committees  with  their  Chairmen  were  as  follows: 

General  Committee  on  the  Unveiling 

John  H.  Converse  {President),  Chairman 

Finance  Committee 

Joel  J.  Baily,  Chairman 

Committee  on  Invitation 

Col.  John  P.  Nicholson,  Chairman 

Reception  Committee 

John  T.  Morris,  Chairman 

52 


Women’s  Reception  Committee 

Mrs.  Charles  Custis  Harrison,  Chairman 

Committee  on  Military  Display 

Col.  Theodore  E.  Wiedersheim,  Chairman 

Committee  on  Ceremonies 

Col.  Charles  H.  Howell,  Chairman 

Committee  on  Stands 

Charles  J.  Cohen,  Chairman  and  Secretary  to  the  General  Com- 
mittee 

Committee  on  Publication 

Joel  J.  Baily,  Chairman 

Special  Committee  to  wait  upon  the  President  and  his 
Cabinet 

John  H.  Converse  {President) 

Charles  C.  Harrison 
Frank  Thomson 
John  T.  Morris 

There  were  twelve  additional  committees  appointed  to 
wait  upon  the  distinguished  guests. 

The  State  of  Pennsylvania  and  the  City  of  Philadelphia 
were  represented  by  special  delegations  from  their  respective 
legislative  bodies  and  also  by  the  (iovernor  of  Pennsylvania 
and  the  Mayor  of  Philadelphia. 


PROGRAMME  OF  THE  UNVEILING  CEREMONIES 
ON  'EHl  RSDAY,  APRIL  27,  1899 
“GRANT  DAY” 

THE  77th  ANNIVERSARY  OF  HIS  BIRTH 

Mayor  Ashbridge,  Presiding 

Invocation  by  Rt.  Rev.  O.  W.  Whitaker,  D.D.,  Bishop  of  Pennsylvania 
Presentation  of  the  Statue  by  President  John  H.  Converse 
Unveiling  by  Miss  Rosemary  Sartoris,  Granddaughter  of  General  U.  S. 
Grant 

General’s  artillery  salute  by  Battery  D,  National  Guard  of  Pennsylvania 
Reception  of  the  Statue  by  Hon.  A.  Loudon  Snowden  on  behalf  of  the 
Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park 

Introduction  of  the  Sculptors,  Daniel  Chester  French  and  Edward  C. 
Potter 

Review  of  the  Troops  by  the  President  of  the  United  States: 

Chief  Marshal — Major  General  George  R.  Snowden,  with  Staff 

53 


First  Division — United  States  Naval  Forces,  Captain  J.  B.  Coghlan, 
U.  S.  N.,  Commanding.  (Captain  Coghlan  with  the  “lUaleigh”  was  in 
the  engagement  at  Manila  and  fired  the  historic  shot  on  that  memo- 
rable occasion.) 

Battalion  of  Marines  and  Seamen,  Pennsylvania  State  Troops,  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  consisting  of  over  a thousand  old  soldiers  who 
had  served  under  General  U.  S.  Grant 

Upwards  of  7000  were  in  the  military  parade. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  unveiling  ceremonies  Mrs. 
McKinley,  Mrs.  Grant  and  the  other  guests  were  entertained 
later  at  dinner  by  Mrs.  Joshua  Lippincott  at  her  residence 
(the  Dundas  Mansion),  Broad  and  \Valnut  Streets. 

President  Converse  entertained  at  dinner  at  the  Union 
League  President  McKinley,  the  members  of  his  party  and 
distinguished  guests  and  the  Trustees  and  Committees  of  the 
Fairmount  Park  Art  Association. 

At  8 o’clock  P.  M.,  President  McKinley,  accompanied  by 
Mr.  Converse  and  his  guests,  was  escorted  to  the  American 
Academy  of  Music,  which  building  was  filled  to  its  utmost 
capacity,  where  the  President  was  received  with  an  enthusi- 
astic ovation. 

A masterly  oration  was  delivered  by  Hampton  I>.  Carson, 
Ksq.,  followed  by  a short  address  by  the  I^resident. 

On  the  day  following.  President  McKinley,  escorted  by 
a Committee  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  visited 
the  U.  S.  S.  Raleigh,  lying  in  the  Delaware  River,  was  received 
with  full  honors  and  made  an  address  to  the  officers  and  men. 

(The  above  has  been  taken  from  a complete  illustrated 
report  No.  33,  published  by  the  Association  at  the  time, 
copies  of  which  may  be  had  by  those  interested  upon  appli- 
cation to  the  Secretary.) 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  held  September 
21,  1899,  Mr.  James  \V.  Paul,  Jr.,  stated  that  a friend  and 
public  spirited  citizen  had  offered  to  contribute  to  the  Fair- 
mount  Park  xArt  Association  as  trustee  the  sum  of  Five 
thousand  dollars  towards  a fund  for  erecting  a statue  to  the 
late  Captain  John  FTicsson,  the  inventor  and  builder  of  the 
United  States  iron-clad  Monitor,  which  so  successfully  fought 
the  Confederate  ram  Merrimac,  March  9,  1862,  during  the 
war  for  the  Union. 

Following  this,  other  subscriptions  were  obtained,  the 
Association  agreeing  to  contribute  liberally,  and  the  Com- 
mission would  have  been  carried  out,  had  it  not  been  tor  the 

54 


World  War,  which  interfered  greatly  with  the  development 
of  the  East  I^ank  of  the  Schuylkill  in  the  vicinity  of  the  old 
W ater  W’orks,  for  which  development  a commission  had  been 
given  to  Prof.  Paul  P.  Cret,  who,  however,  was  engaged  in 
the  war  in  France  and  has  only  recently  returned  to  this 
country. 

In  November,  Charles  H.  Howell  was  obliged  to  with- 
draw from  the  Secretaryship  and  an  appropriate  minute 
thereon  was  adopted. 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  October  31,  1899,  it  was  stated 
that  two  fine  antique  bronze  cannon  and  a mortar  from  the 
fortifications  of  Havana,  which  were  cast  at  Barcelona  and 
Seville,  Spain,  in  1731  and  1734,  had  been  acquired  and  had 
been  placed  temporarily  on  Belmont  Drive.  Later  they  were 
removed  to  the  front  of  Memorial  Hall  and  placed  on  special 
carriages  constructed  from  designs  made  by  Charles  E.  Dana, 
\ ice-President  of  the  Association. 

4’he  three  pieces,  from  fortifications  in  Cuba,  are  orna- 
mented with  decorations,  including  the  royal  arms  of  Spain 
as  employed  by  Philip  V and  his  Queen,  Elizabeth. 

1900 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  on  December  19th,  Vice-President 
Charles  E.  I3ana  gave  an  illustrated  address,  entitled  “Arms, 
Armor  and  Display  in  the  Middle  Ages.” 

Mr.  Dana  was  a past  master  in  this  subject  and  the  ad- 
dress was  cordially  received  and  attracted  wide  attention  upon 
its  publication  in  the  29th  Annual  Report. 

On  December  7th,  the  finance  committee  had  been  dis- 
cussing the  character  of  investment  for  available  funds  and 
finally  obtained  an  opinion  from  the  Hon.  James  M.  Beck, 
their  counsel,  which  supported  the  legal  construction  of  the 
resolution  adopted  by  the  Board,  so  that  the  method  of  in- 
vestment was  endorsed  as  to  the  purchase  of  bonds  of  the 
Lhiited  States  of  America,  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  or  of 
the  City  of  Philadelphia,  as  well  as  investment  in  first  mort- 
gages on  improved  real  estate  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia.  Of 
recent  years  however  mortgages  have  not  been  favored  and 
by  recent  action  it  has  been  decided  to  collect  those  now 
held,  as  they  fall  due,  making  investment  in  government  securi- 
ties, as  noted  above,  the  permanent  practice  of  the  Society. 

55 


1901 


Elvvell’s  group  of  “Charles  Dickens  and  Little  Nell”  was 
erected  in  Clarence  H.  Clark  Park  in  West  Philadelphia. 

1902 

On  January  16th,  the  Board  received  from  the  Trades 
League  of  Philadelphia  (now  Philadelphia  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce) a sum  approximating  Two  thousand  dollars,  that  had 
been  raised  under  the  title  of  the  “Childs-Drexel  memorial 
fund”;  this  has  been  suitably  invested  and  when  opportunity 
offers  the  idea  of  the  donors  will  be  carried  out. 

On  Lebruary  7th,  the  following  Resolution  was  adopted: 

“Resolved,  This  Association  will  accept  the  trust  to  erect  in  Fair- 
mount  Park  a memorial  to  a distinguished  soldier  and  statesman  to  cost 
not  less  than  ten  thousand  dollars,  as  proposed  by  Mr.  Morris  in  his  letter 
presented  at  this  meeting,  provided  the  design  as  a whole,  including  the 
inscription,  shall  first  be  approved  by  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount 
Park,”  and  it  was  further 

“Resolved,  That  this  Board  expresses  through  Mr.  Morris  to  the 
generous  and  public  spirited  person  referred  to  in  his  letter  its  appreciation 
of  the  proposal  to  entrust  to  this  Association  the  erection  of  such  a memorial 
and  its  gratification  at  this  acknowledgment  of  the  purpose  and  principles 
of  the  Association.” 

On  March  11th,  the  firm  of  Burnham,  Williams  & Co., 
Baldwin  Locomotive  Works,  wrote  as  follows: 

“This  firm  is  ready  to  contribute  a sufficient  sum  for  the 
erection  of  a statue  of  Matthias  W.  Baldwin  and  would  be 
glad  to  have  the  Lairmount  Park  i\rt  Association  take  charge 
of  the  execution  of  the  work.  It  has  seemed  to  us  that  a 
proper  site  would  be  the  east  side  of  Broad  Street  at  the  end 
of  the  grass  plot  in  the  middle  of  Spring  Garden  Street.” 

This  trust  was  accepted,  the  commission  after  due  con- 
sideration being  awarded  to  Herbert  Adams,  and  the  statue 
was  completed  and  dedicated  on  June  2,  1906,  his  Honor, 
Mayor  \\’eaver,  officiating  on  the  interesting  occasion,  which 
was  made  notable  by  the  presence  of  (ieorge  Burnham,  Sr., 
then  in  his  90th  year,  who  had  been  associated  with  Matthias 

Baldwin  for  very  many  years. 

On  October  3d,  the  following  was  adopted: 

“The  Board  of  Trustees,  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  at  their 
first  meeting  held  since  adjourning  for  the  summer,  must  perform  a mel- 
ancholy duty  in  noting  the  death  of  Col.  Charles  H.  Howell,  late  President 
of  the  Association,  on  June  18,  1902. 

56 


“More  than  thirty  years  ago,  when  American  sculpture  was  an  art  in 
its  infancy,  Col.  Howell,  then  a very  young  man,  animated  by  a desire  to 
add  to  the  attractiveness  of  his  native  city,  conceived  the  idea  of  the 
formation  of  a society  of  ladies  and  gentlemen,  who  by  annual  con- 
tributions and  by  careful  and  earnest  work  might  finally  succeed  in  so 
desirable  a consummation.  Enlisting  the  interest  and  services  of  a 
number  of  art  loving  citizens,  there  was  formed  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association.  As  a director  from  its  inception  and  serving  as  Secretary 
and  finally  as  President,  he  gave  the  very  best  years  of  his  active  life  to 
the  enlargement  and  development  of  this  work.  He  had  the  satisfaction 
of  recognizing  the  position  that  the  Association  had  gained  not  only  in 
our  own  city  and  state  but  in  the  country  generally  and  it  must  have 
been  no  small  gratification  to  him  to  read  in  the  journals  of  the  day 
favorable  comments  on  the  work  of  the  Society  in  its  various  directions. 

“It  must  not  be  supposed  that  these  results  were  accomplished  with- 
out great  energy  and  self-sacrifice.  During  many  years  there  were  periods 
of  uncertainty  depressing  in  the  extreme  and  to  a man  less  persistent  and 
less  conscious  of  the  duty  of  citizenship  these  would  have  been  over- 
whelming and  would  have  finally  resulted  in  the  possible  disbandment 
of  the  .Association;  but  through  dark  days  and  bright  ones  the  same 
energy  and  activity  always  remained  with  Col.  Howell  and  always  served 
him  in  good  stead  in  the  trials  that  beset  the  Association  during  its 
early  existence.  The  members  of  the  Board  feel  most  keenly  the 
severance  of  those  close  personal  relations,  that  existed  for  so  long  be- 
tween their  late  President  and  themselves,  and  feel  that  the  highest 
testimony  of  his  worth  by  them  may  be  best  expressed  through  an 
active  interest  in  the  development  of  the  ideas  and  purposes  of  this 
Association,  for  whose  welfare  he  gave  so  many  years  of  his  life  and  in 
whose  successful  growth  his  greatest  happiness  lay.  ‘He  mourns  the 
dead  who  lives  as  they  desire.’  ” 


1903 

On  November  13th,  action  was  taken  on  the  suggestion 
that  a box  of  documents  be  placed  in  the  foundations  of  all 
statues  erected  in  future  by  the  Association,  so  that  the  genera- 
tions in  the  distant  future  might  have  current  history  avail- 
able; therefore,  when  the  statue  of  the  “Medicine  Man”  was 
erected,  a metal  box  hermetically  sealed  was  placed  in  the 
foundation,  the  contents  being  the  newspapers  and  American 
coins  of  the  day  with  printed  matter  representative  of  local 
history. 

d'he  minutes  are  replete  with  records  of  donations  from 
members  of  the  Board  and  friends  of  many  photographs  of 
statuary  and  buildings  both  in  this  country  and  in  Europe; 
these  have  been  arranged  in  a cabinet  belonging  to  the  Asso- 
ciation and  indexed  and  may  be  referred  to  at  any  time  by 
those  interested. 


57 


The  equestrian  statue,  “The  Medicine  Man,”  in  bronze, 
by  Cyrus  E.  Dallin,  was  purchased  by  the  Association  and 
erected  in  the  East  Park  at  the  head  of  Strawberry  Hill,  near 
the  Dauphin  Street  entrance,  on  a pedestal  of  red  Westerly 
granite. 

It  was  unveiled  on  December  10th  and  was  formally 
presented  to  the  City  of  Philadelphia  and  the  Commissioners 
ot  Eairmount  Park  at  the  Thirty-second  Annual  Meeting  of 
this  Association  on  the  evening  ol  the  same  day. 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  December  10th,  attention  was 
called  by  the  Chairman  to  the  design  for  a seal  for  the  Asso- 
ciation, printed  on  the  programme  of  the  meeting,  and  on 
motion  ol  Mr.  William  W.  Justice,  duly  seconded,  the  design 
was  unanimously  adopted  as  the  seal  of  the  Association. 

1904 

On  Eebruary  12th,  it  was  reported  that  the  new  seal  of 
the  Association,  admirably  designed  by  Charles  E.  Dana, 
\dce-President  of  the  Association,  had  been  adopted. 

On  November  11th,  notation  was  made  of  the  generous 
bequest  by  the  late  President,  Charles  H.  Howell,  to  the 
Association. 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  December  16th,  Henry  K.  Eox, 
Esq.,  seconded  by  Col.  M.  Richards  Muckle,  offered  the 
following: 

“Whereas  The  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  at  its  Annual  Meet- 
ing held  on  the  24th  of  March,  1886,  adopted  the  following  preamble  and 
resolutions: 

Whereas  The  Board  of  Trustees  on  the  sixteenth  day  of  December, 
A.  D.,  1874,  established  the  Permanent  Fund,  by  resolving  in  the  words 
following: 

1.  That  the  Treasurer  set  apart  Three  thousand  dollars  of  the  funds 
of  the  Association  as  a foundation  for  a permanent  fund. 

2.  That  the  Treasurer  shall  hereafter  add  to  the  said  Permanent  Fund 
all  the  sums  of  money  hereafter  received  from  life  membership  dues,  to- 
gether with  ten  per  centum  of  all  dues  received  from  annual  members, 
and  all  special  contributions,  bequests,  etc.,  except  such  as  may  hereafter 
be  otherwise  disposed  of. 

.And  Whereas  It  is  desirable  that  the  said  Permanent  Fund  shall  be 
by  this  Association  declared  inviolable: 

Therefore  be  it  Resolved,  'I'hat  the  principal  of  the  said  Permanent 
Fund  shall  never  be  expended  or  reduced  for  any  purpose  whatever. 

Resolv'ed,  That  the  interest  of  the  said  Permanent  Fund  shall  not  be 
expended  for  any  purpose  whatever  and  that  it  shall  be  accumulated  and 
added  to  the  fund  and  be  made  part  of  the  principal  hereof,  until  this 
.Association  shall  order  it  otherwise. 


58 


And  Whereas  It  appears  by  the  Treasurer’s  report  presented  at  this 
Anmial  Meeting,  that  the  Permanent  Fund  has  reached  a sum  in  excess 
of  One  hundred  thousand  dollars; 

And  Whereas  It  is  deemed  advisable  that  the  Permanent  Fund  shall 
be  kept  intact,  but  that  the  income  arising  from  the  Permanent  P'und 
shall  be  expended  for  the  purchase  of  works  of  art  for  the  adornment  of 
Fairmount  Park  and  for  such  other  purposes  under  the  constitution  of  the 
Association,  as  the  Board  may  approve;  Now  therefore  be  it 

Resolved  By  this  Association,  that  the  principal  of  the  Permanent 
Fund  shall  never  be  expended  for  any  purpose  whatever,  but  that  all  sums 
of  money  hereafter  received  from  life  membership  dues,  ten  per  centum 
of  all  dues  received  from  annual  members  and  all  special  contributions, 
bequests,  etc.,  unless  otherwise  specified,  shall  be  added  to  the  prin- 
cipal of  the  said  Permanent  Fund  and  that  the  same  shall  be  kept  inviolable. 
.And  be  it  further 

Resolved  By  this  .Association,  that  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the 
Fairmount  Park  .Art  .Association  be  authorized  to  expend  from  time  to 
time  such  sum  or  sums,  that  may  hereafter  accrue  as  interest  or  profit  on 
the  Permanent  Fund  of  the  Park  Branch  of  this  A,ssociation,  for  the  pur- 
chase of  works  of  art  tor  the  adornment  of  Fairmount  Park  or  for  such 
other  purposes  under  the  constitution  of  the  .Association,  as  the  Board 
may  approve.” 

In  support  of  the  resolution  Mr.  Fox  said  that  it  was 
offered  with  the  feeling  that  its  adoption  would  assure  the 
permanency  ot  the  .Associaton,  and  he  believed  that  it  would 
greatly  strengthen  it  for  service  in  the  broader  and  higher 
held  of  usefulness  in  the  community,  to  which,  as  noted  in 
the  report  which  had  just  been  read,  the  Association  was 
unmistakably  called. 

1905 

The  Sun-Dial  and  Marble  Pedestal,  presented  to  the 
City  of  Philadelphia  through  this  Association  by  a member, 
who  desired  the  gift  to  remain  anonymous,  was  erected  in  the 
centre  of  the  Sunken  Garden  in  front  of  Horticultural  Hall, 
in  the  West  Park,  in  May. 

The  dial  is  ol  bronze,  accurately  calculated  for  the  exact 
spot,  in  which  it  is  placed,  and  shows  the  variations  for  each 
month  of  the  year  and  the  time  at  12  o’clock  in  twelve  principal 
cities  of  the  world. 

I'he  pedestal  is  the  work  of  Alexander  Stirling  Calder, 
and  the  design  includes  the  twelve  signs  of  the  zodiac  and 
four  supporting  female  figures,  emblematic  of  the  four  seasons. 

1906 

On  March  9th,  the  following  resolution  was  adopted: 
“Whereas  The  Fairmount  Park  .Art  .Association  was  founded  in  the 

59 


year  1871,  at  which  time  Henry  K.  Fox,  Esq.,  was  one  of  the  original 
members,  as  also  one  of  those  signing  articles  of  incorporation,  continuing 
to  be  a member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  to  the  present  time,  devoting  to 
the  Association  his  best  efforts  toward  the  development  of  its  scope  and 
usefulness,  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  on  this  approaching  35th  Anniversary  of  its  foun- 
dation the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association 
extends  to  Mr.  Fox  a message  of  congratulation,  to  which  is  added  the 
earnest  hope  that  he  may  always  continue  his  interest  in  the  work  with 
which  he  has  been  so  long  identified,  and  be  it  further 

Resolved,  By  virtue  of  the  privilege  granted  in  the  by-laws  and 
in  recognition  of  his  continuous  service  to  the  Association,  that  the  name 
of  Henry  K.  Fox  be  added  to  the  list  of  honorary  members  of  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association.” 

On  April  27th,  the  Committee  appointed  to  revise  the 
charter  and  by-laws  made  an  elaborate  report,  the  main 
feature  being  the  extension  of  the  work  of  the  Association  to 
cover  the  City  of  Philadelphia  as  well  as  the  Park,  which  was 
formally  adopted  shortly  thereafter. 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  December  19th,  the  principal 
address  of  the  evening  was  delivered  by  Frederick  Crown  in- 
shield, Esq.,  President  of  the  Fine  Arts  Federation  of  New 
York,  who  took  for  his  subject  the  place  and  function  of  a 
Municipal  Art  (lallery.  The  Hon.  Samuel  Gustine  Thompson 
also  spoke  in  the  interest  of  the  proposal  to  erect  such  a gal- 
lery in  this  city  and  the  following  representatives  of  art 
organizations  of  the  city  also  spoke  briefly  to  the  same  effect: 

Mr.  John  H.  Converse,  for  the  Pennsylvania  .•\cademy  of  the  Fine  .Arts 
Prof.  Herbert  Everett,  for  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
Mr.  Leslie  W.  Miller,  for  the  Pennsylvania  Museum  and  School  of 
Industrial  Art 

James  Mac.Alister,  LL.D.,  for  the  Drexel  Institute 
Mr.  Elliott  Daingerfield,  for  the  School  of  Design  for  Women 
Mr.  James  P.  Jamieson,  for  the  Philadelphia  Chapter,  .American  Insti- 
tute of  Architects 

Mr.  Thomas  K.  Kellogg,  for  the  T-Square  Club 
Miss  Florence  W.  Fulton,  for  the  Plastic  Club 
Mr.  Ludwig  E.  Faber,  for  the  Philadelphia  Sketch  Club 

On  motion  of  James  MacAlister,  IX. I).,  it  was  resolved 
that  the  Board  of  Trustees  be  instructed  to  prepare  a memorial 
to  be  sent  to  the  Mayor  and  Councils  of  the  City  in  the  interest 
of  the  proposed  Municipal  Art  Ciallery. 

1907 

On  January  Ilth,  a committee  was  appointed  entitled 
“d'he  Committee  on  a Municipal  Art  Gallery,”  whose  province 

60 


it  W3S  to  urge  upon  the  dry  government  and  upon  the  public 
the  importance  or  the  movement  idr  a puhiio  art  gaileri' 
wo^y  or'  the  cino  This  was  the  beginning  or'  the  agitation, 
which  will  soon  result  in  the  realization  or  the  ambitious  plan^ 
for  a structure,  that  will  be  a great  credit  t j Philadeiphia  and 
attract  a worid-waie  attention,  and  tor  which  ruture 
generations  will  express  gratirude  to  their  predecessors,  who 
had  the  courage  and  energy-  to  promote  this  work- 

On  April  26th,  the  Boarn  appointed  a commission,  con- 
sisring  of  Mr.  C.  C.  Zantzinger,  Prof.  Paul  P.  Cret,  ann  Mr. 
Horace  Trumbauer,  to  plan  the  development  ::  the  entrance 
of  the  proposed  Parkway  into  Fairmount  Park. 

The  Comm  ission  made  a carerul  study,  presented  its 
record,  which  was  published,  anc.  from  this  incep-tion  was 
devek^>ed  the  splendid  plans  now  perfected  under  the  care 
ot  Mons.  Greber,  o:  Pans,  the  toremist  authority  in  decorative 
landscape  pianning,  so  that  at  no  distant  date  Philade’phia 
«dll  have  a Parkway  of  which  it  m^ay  we'd  be  pncud.  F cr  fuh 
description  see  page  244.  i 

190S 

On  November  13th,  upon  the  death  of  the  Association’s 
Treasurer,  Mr.  Paul,  Mr.  Justice  was  elected  Treasurer  and 
the  Pennsylvania  Company  for  Insurances  cn  Lives  and  Grant- 
ing Annuities  was  appointed  tscal  agent  and  ad  b»>cks  and 
papers,  as  wed  as  the  securities  beicnmi.ng  to  the  Ass-ociadon, 
were  transrerred  to  that  company,  which  makes  but  a n iminai 
charge  lor  their  care;  its  annual  reports  are  models  of  clear- 
ness, and  It  renders  sendees  tha  t could  not  possibly  be  given 
by  any  but  a banking  insdrution. 

C^  June  20th,  the  bnenze  stame,  “Cow-bov,"  bv  Fred- 
erick Rem-mingtcn,  was  erected  on  the  East  River  Drive  near 
Girara  Avenue  Bndge  on  a narural  rock:  dne  statue  b un- 
conventional and  smking  and  it  is  carried  out  »ddn  a bold 
and  conndent  technique  that  comi>eis  the  heard  u m - tX 

1909 

On  January  Sth,  the  B-iard  adopted  the  fodewinz  res:^ 
lution:  “That  the  Board  oi  Trustees  of  the  Fairmount  Park 
Art  Association  desires  to  express  in  dne  name  of  the  entire 
membership  or  tins  Associadon  its  sincere  appreciadon  oi  a 
generous  girt  to  the  city  by  Joseph  Wharton,  Esq.,  of  a tract 
or  land  in  North  Philadelphia  suitable  for  a public  park.  We 


61 


regard  this  action  of  our  distinguished  fellow  citizen  as  rep- 
resentative in  the  fullest  sense  of  the  best  influences  at  work 
today  for  the  civic  development  and  of  the  best  traditions  of 
public  spirited  citizenship  in  Philadelphia.” 

Amended  By-laws,  prepared  by  a special  committee, 
were  submitted  at  the  Annual  Meeting  on  January  27th  and 
were  unanimously  adopted. 

On  February  19th,  the  Japanese  Temple  Gate,  that  had 
been  erected  in  the  West  Park  as  a gift  from  John  H.  Converse 
and  Samuel  M.  ^^auclain,  was  most  attractively  improved  in 
its  setting  by  the  addition  of  a garden  as  an  approach,  con- 
structed by  Japanese  at  that  time  in  the  United  States,  who 
were  employed  by^  the  donors,  John  T.  Morris  and  John  H. 
Converse.  This  improvement  was  presented  by'  them  to  the 
Park  Commission  through  this  Association.  (See  page  168.) 

1911 

On  January'  13th,  attention  was  called  to  the  gift  of  land 
near  Fern  Rock  for  park  purposes  by  the  heirs  of  the  late 
Joseph  Wharton,  to  be  known  as  Fisher  Park,  in  execution 
of  ^^r.  Wharton ’s  offer  made  just  before  his  death,  and  the 
Secretary  was  instructed  to  send  a letter  to  the  donors,  Mrs. 
J.  Bertram  Lippincott,  Mrs.  Harrison  S.  Morris  and  Miss  Mary 
H.  Wharton,  expressing  the  Board’s  appreciation  of  this  gift 
to  the  city'. 

On  February  10th,  Mr.  Roland  L.  Taylor,  a member  of 
the  Board,  was  named  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  ap- 
pointed by'  the  Pennsy'lvania  Bankers’  Association  to  erect  a 
memorial  to  Robert  Morris,  the  financier  of  the  Revolution, 
whose  ability  at  that  critical  period  brought  the  country 
through  its  financial  crisis  with  marked  success. 

It  later  developed  that  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  had  ap- 
pointed a Commission  and  made  an  appropriation  of  Twenty'- 
one  thousand  dollars  for  the  same  purpose.  After  some  ne- 
gotiation Mr.  Tay'lor’s  committee  from  the  Association  as 
well  as  from  the  Bankers’  organization  and  the  State  repre- 
sentatives came  together  in  a final  adjustment  and  agreement 
to  erect  the  statue  on  the  steps  of  the  United  States  Custom 
House  on  Chestnut  Street  between  Fourth  and  Fifth  Streets. 
The  commission  has  been  placed  and  will  be  carried  out  at 
an  early  date. 

On  November  8th,  announcement  was  made  that  the 

62 


monumental  memorial  bequest  of  Richard  Smith,  begun  in 
1897,  had  been  completed  and  the  following  minute  was  made: 

“The  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association  has  received  from  its  committee  on  monumental 
memorial  bequest  of  Richard  Smith  its  report  on  the  action 
taken  at  the  meeting  held  June  4,  1912,  and  at  this,  the  first 
stated  meeting  of  this  Board  held  since  the  date  above  noted, 
desires  to  extend  to  William  P.  Gest,  Esq.,  \'ice-President  of 
the  Fidelity  Trust  Company,  trustee,  its  very  great  apprecia- 
tion of  his  message  of  good  will  and  courtesy  and  to  give  as- 
surance that  this  Board  jointly  with  its  committee  has  con- 
sidered it  a great  privilege  and  an  honor  to  have  been  entrusted 
with  the  artistic  interests  associated  with  the  various  com- 
missions required  for  the  completion  of  the  memorial.  Whilst 
much  thought  and  energy  were  necessarily  devoted  through 
the  series  of  years  beginning  with  1897  from  the  first  invitation 
asking  this  Board  of  Trustees  to  take  under  its  auspices  this 
artistic  work,  which  has  been  followed  with  conscientious 
care,  the  reward  of  the  committee  comes  in  this  cordial  ap- 
preciation and  in  the  recognition  of  the  admirable  work  in  a 
completed  memorial,  which  will  be  an  additional  mark  of 
attraction  in  our  city  and  will  be  notable  both  because  of  the 
cause  that  it  serves  to  commemorate  and  as  a fitting  monu- 
ment to  the  generous  donor,  whose  wishes  have  been  so 
faithfully  carried  out  by  his  executor  and  trustees.” 

The  Annual  Report,  presented  in  January,  1911,  notes: 

“Efficient  service  of  a kind  suggested  by  the  enlarged 
purposes  of  its  amended  charter  has  been  rendered  during 
the  year  in  the  steps  that  have  been  taken  to  protect  that 
birthplace  of  American  liberty.  Carpenters’  Hall.  Through 
the  active  generous  interest  of  two  members  of  your  Board, 
each  of  whom  contributed  liberally,  a fund  was  raised  by 
special  subscriptions  from  the  Carpenters’  Company,  the 
Pennsylvania  Society  of  Colonial  Dames  of  x-\merica  and  a 
number  of  public  spirited  citizens  and  associations,  sufficient 
to  purchase  an  adjoining  property  and  remove  the  building 
which  occupied  it,  whose  continuance  would  have  been  a 
perpetual  menace  to  the  safety  of  this  historic  building.” 

1912 

At  the  Annual  Meeting  on  January  15th,  Col.  William 
C.  Church  of  New  York  gave  an  address  on  John  Ericsson, 

63 


the  creator  of  the  modern  navy,  illustrated  with  scenes  from 
the  life  of  Ericsson,  showing  some  of  the  enterprises  in  which 
he  was  engaged.  The  address  was  listened  to  by  a distinguished 
audience  of  ladies  and  gentlemen,  members  of  the  Association 
and  their  guests,  as  also  by  a delegation  of  enlisted  men  headed 
by  prominent  officers  from  the  United  States  Navy  Yard  at 
League  Island. 

The  Annual  Report,  presented  at  this  meeting,  notes: 

“It  is  a source  of  much  satisfaction  to  report  that  the 
Municipal  Art  Jury,  whose  appointment  was  authorized  by  an 
act  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1907,  was  appointed  by  His 
Honor,  Mayor  Reyburn,  November  9,  1911.  The  need  of 
such  a body  has  long  been  urged  by  your  Board  and  it  is  be- 
lieved that  its  creation  marks  a most  important  stage  in  the 
development  of  the  plans  for  a more  beautiful  city,  which 
have  come  to  occupy,  in  one  form  or  another,  so  large  a share 
of  public  attention.” 

The  act  creating  the  .Art  jury,  provides: 

“Hereafter  no  work  ot  art  shall  become  the  property  of  a 
city  of  the  first  class  by  purchase,  gift  or  otherwise,  unless 
such  work  of  art  or  design  for  the  same  and  the  proposed 
location  of  such  work  of  art  shall  first  have  been  submitted 
to  and  approved  by  the  art  jury  of  said  city;  nor  shall  any 
work  of  art,  until  so  approved,  be  erected  or  placed  in  or  upon 
or  allowed  to  extend  over  any  building,  highway,  stream,  lake, 
square,  park  or  other  public  place  belonging  to  or  under  the 
control  of  said  city.  The  jury  may,  when  it  deems  proper, 
also  require  a complete  model  of  the  proposed  work  of  art  to  be 
submitted  to  it  before  taking  final  action  thereon.  The  term 
‘work  of  art,’  as  used  in  this  act,  shall  include  all  paintings, 
mural  decorations,  inscriptions,  stained  glass,  statues,  re- 
liefs, or  other  sculptures,  monuments,  fountains,  arches  or 
other  structures,  intended  for  ornament  or  commemoration. 
No  existing  work  of  art  in  the  possession  of  the  city  shall  be 
removed,  relocated  or  altered  in  any  way  without  the  ap- 
proval of  the  jury.” 

The  jury  is  also  required  to  “make  from  time  to  time 
such  recommendations  for  improvements  to  the  city  as  it 
may  deem  advisable.”  It  is  apparent,  therefore,  that  an 
authoritative  and  responsible  agency  has  been  provided  to 
exercise  initiative,  as  well  as  oversight,  in  connection  with  a 
large  and  varied  range  of  effort,  on  whose  direction  into  proper 

64 


and  profitable  channels  the  art  interests  of  the  Philadelphia 
of  the  future  will  so  largely  depend. 

1913 

The  report  at  the  Annual  Meeting  in  1913  notes: 

“In  connection  with  the  improvement  in  the  appearance 
of  the  bridges,  that  has  been  brought  about  by  the  censorship 
exerted  by  the  Art  Jury,  it  is  a matter  of  sincere  congratula- 
tion that  the  usefulness  of  this  body,  for  the  creation  of  which 
this  Association  is  largely  responsible,  is  recognized  and  wel- 
comed in  increasing  measure  with  each  added  year  of  its  ex- 
istence and  the  service  which  it  renders  to  the  bureaus,  cor- 
porations and  firms,  whose  work  it  is  its  duty  to  supervise,  is, 
in  the  vast  majority  of  cases,  accepted  in  a spirit  of  apprecia- 
tion for  helpful  suggestions  rather  than  of  impatience  at  re- 
quirements exacted.  That  the  entrance  to  Lansdowne  Drive 
will  be  under  two  spacious  elliptical  arches,  instead  of  through 
four  narrow  tunnels;  that  such  viaducts  as  those  which  carry 
the  railroads  across  Girard  Avenue,  Broad  Street,  Spring 
Garden  Street  and  many  other  thoroughfares,  are  dignified 
and  handsome  structures,  instead  of  the  unsightly  rows  of 
iron  girders,  which  would  have  been  accepted  by  an  unques- 
tioning public  as  an  inevitable  infliction  a few  years  ago;  that 
crude  schemes  for  new  parks  and  boulevards  have  been  re- 
studied and  enormously  improved  before  being  carried  out; 
and  that  even  the  long  neglected  Delaware  water  front  has 
begun  to  receive  the  kind  of  treatment,  to  which,  as  the  cen- 
tral feature  of  commercial  activity  in  one  of  the  great  ports 
of  the  world,  it  is  justly  entitled,  is  due  to  the  intelligent  guid- 
ance and  the  tasteful  supervision  of  the  Art  jury.” 

The  Report  for  1913  further  notes: 

“By  the  will  of  Mrs.  Ellen  Phillips  Samuel,  a member  of 
this  Association,  who  was  deeply  interested  in  its  work  and 
desirous  of  extending  its  influence  and  who  died  October  1, 
1913,  the  Association  becomes  the  legatee  to  her  entire  residuary 
estate,  which  it  is  conservatively  estimated,  will  amount  to  up- 
ward of  Seven  hundred  and  sixty-five  thousand  dollars  (3765,- 
000).  On  the  death  of  her  husband,  J.  Bunford  Samuel,  Esq., 
the  bequest  will  become  available  for  the  following  objects: 
‘According  to  the  Official  Map  issued  by  the  Park  Commission 
there  is  a space  of  two  thousand  (2000)  feet  commencing  from 
the  Beacon  Eight  or  last  boathouse  to  the  Girard  Avenue 

65 


Bridge.  On  the  edge  of  this  ground,  bordered  by  the  Schuyl- 
kill River,  is  a stone  bulkhead.  On  top  of  this  embankment 
it  is  my  will  to  have  erected  at  distances  of  one  hundred  (100) 
feet  apart,  on  high  granite  pedestals  of  uniform  shape  and 
size,  statuary  emblematical  of  the  History  of  America,  rang- 
ing in  time  from  the  earliest  settlers  of  America  to  the  present 
era,  arranged  in  chronological  order,  the  earliest  period  at  the 
south  end  and  going  on  to  the  present  time  at  the  north  eml; 
and,  when  all  the  statues  are  in  place,  the  income  to  be  spent 
in  buying  statuary  and  fountains  to  decorate  the  Park.’” 

d'his  munificent  becpiest,  the  largest  probably  that  has 
ever  been  made  for  a similar  purpose  in  America,  is  moreover 
to  be  augmented  by  the  generosity  of  Mr.  Samuel,  who  has 
expressed  a desire  to  supplement  the  provisions  of  the  will  by 
himself  beginning  the  work  of  erecting  the  memorial,  which 
will  therefore  receive  the  benefit  not  only  of  his  generous  ad- 
dition to  the  funds  available  for  this  purpose,  with  the  cor- 
responding saving  of  time,  but  of  his  advice  and  counsel  in 
connection  with  the  work  of  determining  the  character  of  the 
memorial  and  of  beginning  the  actual  work  of  construction. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board,  held  on  Xovember  14th, 
the  following  resolutions  were  adopted: 

“Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association  has  received  with  much  satisfaction  notice  of  the  munificent 
bequest  of  Mrs.  J.  Bunford  Samuel  (F.llen  Phillips  Samuel),  which  will 
provide  funds  for  a comprehensive  and  dignified  treatment  of  a noble 
theme — the  history  of  America,  symbolized  in  a system  of  statuary  in 
Fairmount  Park — and  which  will  ensure  the  continuance  for  all  time  on 
a generous  scale  of  the  influence  of  the  Association  in  promoting  the  aims 
for  which  it  exists. 

“Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Trustees  gratefully  accepts  the  bequest 
of  Mrs.  Samuel  and  will  carry  out,  to  the  best  of  its  ability,  the  wishes  of 
the  testatrix.” 


1915 

The  Committee,  appointed  in  January  to  consider  plans 
for  the  Ellen  Phillips  Samuel  Memorial,  having  considered 
this  important  undertaking,  recommended  the  engagement  of 
Messrs.  Edgar  V.  Seeler,  architect,  and  Charles  (irafly,  sculp- 
tor, to  prepare  designs  for  presentation.  Upon  approval  of 
the  recommendation  by  the  Board,  this  was  carried  out  and 
the  plans  with  a relief  model  were  shown  at  the  Annual  Meet- 
ing in  January,  1916. 


66 


1916 


I'he  x^nnual  Report  for  this  year  notes: 

“Manship’s  F'ountain  Statue,  ‘The  Duck-Girl,’  which 
had  remained  on  exhibition  at  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of 
the  Fine  Arts  since  its  acquisition  by  this  Association  in  1914, 
was  exhibited  at  the  ‘Philadelphia  To-day  and  To-morrow 
Civic  Exposition’  in  June  and  at  the  close  of  that  exposition 
it  was  delivered  to  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park  for 
erection  in  ‘Cloverly,’  Germantown,  the  statue  itself,  as  well 
as  plans  for  a suitable  setting,  which  had  been  prepared  for 
the  Association  by  Mr.  Edgar  \k  Seder,  havang  been  accepted 
by  the  Commissioners,  May  10,  1916. 

“An  exhibit  of  nineteen  large  photographs  of  the  more 
important  art  works  erected  by  this  Association  was  arranged 
at  the  ‘Philadelphia  To-day  and  To-morrow  Civic  Exposition,’ 
where  it  attracted  much  favorable  notice  and  bore  eloquent 
testimony  to  the  service  rendered  to  the  city  by  this  Associa- 
tion during  the  forty-five  years  that  it  has  been  in  existence. 
At  the  close  of  the  exposition  the  collection,  suitably  framed 
and  inscribed,  was,  at  the  request  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of 
the  Free  Eibrary  of  Philadelphia,  placed  in  the  Eibrary  build- 
ing for  permanent  exhibition.’’ 

4'he  three  hundredth  anniversary  of  Shakespeare’s  death. 
May  12,  1916,  which  was  made  the  occasion  of  very  general 
commemorative  observance  throughout  the  English-speaking 
world,  called  renewed  attention  to  the  fact  that  Philadelphia 
is  almost  alone  among  the  great  cities  of  the  world,  which 
might  most  confidently  be  expected  to  possess  a memorial  to 
Shakespeare,  in  being  without  such  a memorial,  and  at  its 
regular  meeting,  held  March  10th,  the  Board  adopted  a reso- 
lution, expressing  its  wish  to  co-operate  with  other  agencies 
interested  in  the  erection  of  such  a memorial,  and  appointed 
a special  committee  to  carry  this  resolution  into  effect.  At 
the  next  meeting,  April  14th,  on  the  recommendation  of  this 
committee  the  Board  adopted  the  following  resolutions: 

“Resolved,  That  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  appropriate 
the  sum  of  310,000  out  of  the  General  Fund  (Park  Branch)  toward  the 
cost  of  the  erection  in  Philadelphia  under  the  auspices  of  the  Association, 
in  conjunction  with  the  General  Committee  on  the  Shakespeare  Ter- 
centenary Celebration,  of  a permanent  memorial  to  Shakespeare,  embody- 
ing a suitable  recognition  of  the  work  of  the  late  Dr.  Horace  Howard  Fur- 
ness and  the  Shakespearean  traditions  of  Philadelphia,  upon  condition  that 
an  equal  sum  of  310,000  is  secured  by  general  subscription  within  three 
months. 


67 


Resolved,  That  your  Committee  be  authorized  to  co-operate  with  a 
committee,  to  be  appointed  by  the  General  Committee  on  the  Celebration, 
in  collecting  subscriptions  for  the  purpose  and,  upon  the  full  amount 
mentioned  being  secured,  to  report  to  the  Board  their  recommendations 
as  to  a site  and  the  best  method  of  procuring  a suitable  design  for  the 
Memorial.” 

In  pursuance  of  this  action  an  appeal  was  issued  on  May 
1st,  in  the  form  of  a personal  letter  from  Hon.  James  M.  Beck, 
who  has  from  the  first  been  earnestly  active  in  advocating  the 
erection  of  a memorial  to  Shakespeare  along  the  lines  and  in 
the  spirit  expressed  by  the  foregoing  resolutions;  which  letter 
was  supplemented  by  Mr.  Beck  in  an  address,  which  he  de- 
livered at  the  Shakespeare  Festival  in  the  Academy  of  Music 
on  May  12th.  The  result  of  this  appeal  was  so  prompt  and 
re-assuring,  that  at  a special  meeting,  called  for  the  purpose 
on  June  9th,  the  Board  assumed  the  responsibility  of  making 
up  any  shortage  that  might  appear  after  all  available  sub- 
scriptions toward  the  320,000  for  the  memorial  had  been 
secured,  x^t  the  next  meeting  of  the  Board,  on  November  10th, 
the  Secretary  was  able  to  report  that  subscriptions  amounting 
to  3S,170  had  been  received,  which  amount  was,  within  a few 
days  thereafter,  all  paid  in  and  added  to  the  Association’s 
fund  available  for  the  memorial. 

As  appears  from  the  foregoing  statement,  the  development 
of  the  idea,  which  the  memorial  is  to  represent,  and  the  de- 
termination of  the  character,  which  any  sculptural  or  archi- 
tectural construction  should  assume,  are  matters  regarding 
which  the  ^Association  desires  the  co-operation  of  the  Shakes- 
peare Tercentenary  Committee,  a special  committee  of  which 
has  been  appointed  for  this  purpose.  The  form  which  the 
memorial  should  assume  and  its  definite  location  are  subjects, 
which  are  at  this  moment  receiving  earnest  consideration  at 
the  hands  of  the  joint  committee. 

The  nucleus  of  a fund  to  provide  for  a memorial  to  the 
flying  men  of  Pennsylvania,  who  fell  in  the  war,  has  been 
created  by  a gift  for  this  purpose,  which  was  made  to  the 
^Association  in  September  by  the  xAero  Club  of  Pennsylvania. 
The  letter  from  the  Club  announcing  this  action  is  as  follows: 

“Aero  Club  of  Pennsylvania. 

September  2g,  igip. 

Fairmount  Park  Art  Association, 

Mr.  Leslie  \V.  Miller,  Secretary, 

Philadelphia. 

My  dear  Mr.  Miller: 

At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Aero  Club  of  Pennsylvania,  held 

68 


Friday  evening,  September  21st,  the  following  motion  was  passed 
unanimously — That  the  Aero  Club  of  Pennsylvania  will  start  a 
fund  for  a ‘Monumental  Memorial’  to  the  flying  men  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, who  fell  in  the  ‘Great  War  for  Human  Liberty.’  That  the 
Trustees  of  this  fund  shall  be  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association 
and  that  said  Association  shall  have  full  power  to  determine  the 
kind  and  style  of  memorial  and  the  time  of  its  dedication  and  its 
location,  either  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  or  Fairmount  Park 
The  Aero  Club  of  Pennsylvania,  having  a large  part  of  its 
membership  in  the  service  of  the  Flying  Arm  of  the  Navy  and 
Army  and  Marine  Corps,  as  well  as  Foreign  E^squadrilles,  encloses 
herewith  a check  to  the  order  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Associa- 
tion for  }?1(X)  to  start  this  fund. 

Yours  very  truly, 

Joseph  A.  Steinmetz, 

President.” 

At  the  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the  Board,  held  on 
November  9th,  this  offer  was  accepted  by  the  adoption  of  the 
following  resolutions: 

“Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association  desires  to  convey  to  the  .*\ero  Club  of  Pennsylvania  its  appre- 
ciation of  the  patriotic  sentiment  shown  in  the  establishment  of  a fund  for 
the  erection  of  a Monumental  memorial  to  the  flying  men  of  Pennsylvania, 
who  fell  in  the  great  war  for  human  liberty,  and  be  it  further 

“Resolved,  On  behalf  of  this  Association,  that  the  Board  of 'I’rustees 
accepts  the  Trusteeship  of  this  fund,  in  accordance  with  the  request  ot  the 
Aero  Club  of  Pennsylvania,  with  appreciation  of  the  honor,  which  that 
request  implies,  and  pledges  its  cordial  co-operation  in  this  enterprise.” 

1918 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  held  on  January  30,  1918,  the 
following  resolution,  which  was  offered  by  Kir.  Charles  L. 
Borie,  Jr.,  was  unanimously  adopted: 

“Whereas  The  E'airmount  Park  Art  Association  presented  at  its 
36th  Annual  Meeting,  held  December  12,  1907,  ‘A  Report  of  the  Com- 
mission employed  by  them  to  study  the  Entrance  of  the  Philadelphia 
Parkway  into  Fairmount  Park,’  devoted  that  meeting  to  a full  discussion 
of  the  subject  and  adequately  published  the  result  in  illustrated  pamphlet 
form; 

Resolved,  That  this  Association  request  the  Trustees  to  publish, 
in  suitable  form,  the  result  of  the  studies  made  for  the  Fairmount  Park 
Commission  by  Mr.  Jacques  Greber,  embodying  the  development  of  this 
project,  inaugurated  by  this  Association.” 

A recess  was  then  taken,  during  which  Mr.  Joseph  A. 
Steinmetz,  President  of  the  Aero  Club  of  Pennsylvania,  de- 
livered an  illustrated  address  on  “The  Aeroplane  in  War.” 

69 


At  the  close  of  the  address  by  Mr.  Steinmetz,  the  meeting 
was  reconvened  and  was  addressed  by  Mr.  Joseph  Widener  on 
the  nature  and  extent  of  the  work  that  had  recently  been  done 
in  developing  the  studies  for  the  Parkway,  the  river  embank- 
ments and  city  squares,  with  their  connecting  tree-lined  road- 
ways, which  were  made  and  published  under  the  auspices  of 
this  Association  in  1907.  This  more  recent  work,  which  em- 
braced an  exhaustive  study  in  detail  of  the  landscape  archi- 
tecture of  the  whole  comprehensive  scheme,  as  well  as  sug- 
gestions for  the  architectural  development  of  the  Parkway, 
had  been  done  for  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park  by 
the  distinguished  landscape  architect,  Mr.  Jacques  Greber, 
whose  designs  were  publicly  exhibited  for  the  first  time  at 
this  meeting. 

1919 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  held  on  January  16th,  Albert 
Kelsey,  the  distinguished  architect,  gave  an  admirable  ad- 
dress on  “Memorials,”  illustrated  with  views  of  celebrated 
structures,  that  had  been  erected  to  commemorate  important 
events,  and  expressed  the  hope  that  America  would  use  judg- 
ment and  discrimination  in  the  selection  of  designs  for  honor- 
ing the  heroes  of  the  late  Great  Whir  in  F.urope. 

At  the  same  meeting  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
offered  by  Mr.  Andrew  \\'right  Crawford,  was  unanimously 
adopted: 

“Whereas  The  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  was  one  of  the 
originators  of  the  movement,  that  resulted  in  the  formation  of  the  Art 
Jury  as  one  of  the  Departments  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia;  and  thereafter 
the  Department  of  the  Art  Commission  of  the  City  of  Pittsburgh  was 
also  created  and  a similar  department  was  authorized  for  the  City  ('f 
Scranton;  and 

Whereas  In  Massachusetts  there  is,  in  addition  to  the  Art  Com- 
mission of  the  City  of  Boston,  the  Massachusetts  State  Art  Commission 
and  in  New  York  State  a State  Art  Commission  is  under  consideration, 
to  be  in  addition  to  the  Art  Commissions  of  the  cities  of  New  York  and 
Rochester;  and 

Whereas  The  deluge  of  war  memorials  threatens  to  reproduce  some 
of  the  horrors  of  the  Civil  War  in  the  form  of  cemetery  designs  and  stone- 
clippers  conceptions,  unless  prevented  by  governmental  authority  in  all 
the  cities  of  the  third  class  and  in  the  townships  and  counties  of  the  state 
of  Pennsylvania;  Therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  in  annual 
meeting  assembled,  enthusiastically  endorses  the  recommendation  made 
by  Governor  Sproul  that  a State  Art  Commission  be  authorized  and  ap- 
pointed, to  have  jurisdiction  throughout  the  State,  excepting  in  cities  of 
the  first  and  second  classes.” 


70 


By  Act  of  May  1st,  1919,  the  State  Art  Commission  was 
established.  At  the  same  meeting  the  following  resolution, 
also  offered  by  Mr.  Crawford,  was  unanimously  adopted: 

“Whereas  The  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  has  for  a number 
of  years  consistently  urged  the  improvement  of  the  banks  of  the  Schuylkill 
as  a most  pressing  public  object  and  such  embankments,  as  those  of  the 
Seine  in  Paris,  are,  in  reality,  vast  works  in  sculpture;  and 

W HEREAS  No  finer  memorial  to  the  men  from  Philadelphia,  who 
fought  for  the  freedom  of  the  world,  could  be  devised  than  a magnificent, 
open,  free,  central  improvement  along  both  banks  of  the  Schuylkill  from 
Fairmount  Park  southward,  including  a new  bridge  at  about  Vine  street, 
and 

Whereas  The  construction  of  the  ‘Schuylkill  Embankments’  would 
present  many  opportunities  for  monuments  to  individuals  among  both 
the  American  and  the  other  Allied  forces  and,  in  addition,  the  work  would 
offer  opportunity  for  employment  to  returning  soldiers,  sailors  and  marines; 
Therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  By- the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  in  annual  meet- 
ing assembled,  that  the  public  authorities  of  Philadelphia  be  urged  to 
undertake  the  reclamation  and  improvement  of  a section  of  the  Banks  of 
the  Schuylkill  and  the  construction  of  a new  bridge  at  Vine  Street  as  the 
War  Memorial  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia.” 

Immediately  following  the  amendment  to  its  Charter  in 
1906,  under  which  the  Association  was  empowered  to  “Pro- 
mote and  foster  the  beautiful  in  the  City  of  Philadelphia  in 
its  architecture,  improvements  and  general  plan,”  the  study 
of  the  larger  problem  of  the  development  of  the  city  beautiful 
presented  itself. 

When  the  Fairmount  Parkway  to  connect  the  park  with 
the  centre  of  the  city  was  assured,  the  project  of  a Vlunicipal 
Art  (lallery  was  earnestly  discussed  and  the  site  of  the  former 
water  reservoir  was  tentatively  suggested  for  the  latter. 

In  April,  1907,  the  trustees  appointed  a commission  of 
experts  to  prepare  a comprehensive  scheme  and  after  carelul 
consideration  a report  was  made  in  December  of  the  same  year, 
outlining  the  plans  and  purposes  associated  with  a broad 
avenue  leading  to  the  park.  The  report  was  voluminous,  was 
accompanied  by  maps  and,  after  meeting  with  the  approval 
of  the  Association,  was  presented  to  the  Commissioners  of 
F'airmount  Park  and  to  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  finally  to  be 
used  as  the  basis  for  that  great  development,  which  will  render 
our  city  one  of  the  most  attractive  communities  in  the  United 
States. 

This  commission  consisted  of  Paul  P.  Cret,  Horace  Trum- 
bauer  and  C.  C.  Zantzinger,  Chairman,  all  eminent  in  their 

71 


profession,  and  their  good  work  was  supplemented  at  a recent 
date  by  that  of  Jacques  Greber,  of  Paris,  whose  final  plans  are 
now  in  course  of  development. 

As  these  plans  mature  and  the  splendid  avenue  with  its 
Municipal  Art  Gallery  at  the  western  end  appears,  the  service 
rendered  by  this  Association  in  the  fostering  and  promotion 
of  this  enterprise  will  be  better  understood  and  appreciated 
by  the  community  as  an  action,  for  which  after  generations 
will  be  forever  grateful. 

1920 

The  report  submitted  at  the  Annual  Meeting  on  January 
15,  1920,  notes: 

“The  Fairmount  Parkway,  an  epoch-making  improve- 
ment, by  far  the  most  important  work  of  the  kind  ever  under- 
taken by  any  American  city,  is  practically  completed  in 
accordance  with  the  plans  prepared  by  this  Association  and 
accepted  by  the  City  in  1909,  completed,  that  is  to  say,  so  far 
as  the  roadway  is  concerned,  while  the  work  of  embellishment, 
whether  by  planting  or  by  the  erection  of  such  monumental 
and  other  structures,  as  are  essential  to  the  realization  of  the 
project  as  a whole,  is  proceeding  as  rapidly  as  could  reasonably 
be  expected,  when  due  allowance  is  made  for  the  interruption 
caused  by  the  war. 

“The  feature  of  the  Association’s  plan,  that  consists  in 
the  grouping  of  the  art  institutions  of  the  city  around  the 
great  plaza  at  the  upper  end  of  the  Parkw^ay,  has  received  the 
cordial  approval  of  the  authorities  and  definite  assignments  of 
spacious  sites  for  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts, 
the  Pennsylvania  Museum  and  School  of  Industrial  Art,  the 
Free  Public  library  and  the  Municipal  Court  have  already 
been  made,  while  the  work  of  erecting  the  central  and  crown- 
ing feature  of  this  whole  project,  the  superb  Municipal  Art 
Museum,  on  the  site  of  the  old  reservoir  on  Fairmount  itself 
is  actively  progressing. 

“The  character  of  this  museum  will  set  a very  high 
standard  for  the  civic  improvements,  of  which  it  will  be  the 
dominating  feature,  and  the  influence  for  good,  which  it  will 
exert  in  elevating  the  city’s  ideals  and  broadening  its  vision 
of  the  things  that  ought  to  be,  is  incalculable.’’ 

The  report  continues: 

“In  accordance  with  the  generous  offer  of  Mr.  J.  Bunford 
Samuel  to  anticipate  the  provisions  of  Mrs.  Samuel’s  will  by 

72 


erecting  himself  the  first  of  the  series  of  statues  emblematic  of 
the  history  of  America,  which  is  to  constitute  the  principal 
feature  of  the  memorial,  the  statue  of  Thorfinn  Karlsefni,  the 
commission  for  which  was  awarded  to  the  Icelandic  sculptor, 
Einar  Jonsson,  has  been  completed  and,  having  been  approved 
by  the  Art  Jury,  has  been  erected  in  bronze.  The  statue  is  a 
noble  and  vigorous  embodiment  of  the  spirit  of  the  Norsemen, 
with  whose  adventures  American  history  begins,  and  sets  a 
high  standard  for  the  series,  of  which  it  is  the  leader.  The 
city  is  to  be  congratulated  on  the  auspicious  beginning  of  a 
magnificent  scheme  of  civic  embellishment  signalized  by  the 
erection  of  this  impressive  statue,  whose  generous  donor  has 
moreover  by  his  public  spirited  action  indicated  the  kind  of 
service,  which  art  and  art  alone  has  it  in  its  power  to  render 
in  the  perpetuation  of  the  memories,  on  the  preserv'ation  of 
which  the  higher  life  of  communities  so  largely  depends.” 

1921 

I'he  report  submitted  at  the  Annual  Meeting  on  January 
13,  1921,  called  attention  to  the  approaching  Fiftieth  Anni- 
versary of  the  founding  of  the  Association  and  a special  com- 
mittee was  authorized  to  prepare  plans  for  a suitable  celebra- 
tion of  this  important  event.  At  this  meeting  Professor  Paul 
P.  Cret  presented  a tentative  plan  demonstrating  the  av^aila- 
bility  of  the  Parkway  and  Schuylkill  banks  for  the  Sesqui- 
Centennial  Exhibition  of  1926;  our  fellow  member  and 
trustee,  Andrew  Wright  Crawford,  Esq.,  followed  with  an 
illustrated  address  indicating  many  permanent  public  im- 
provements that  would  be  secured  by  the  adoption  of  these 
plans. 

The  report  further  noted: 

“In  the  midst  of  pleasurable  happenings  and  in  congrat- 
ulations over  the  success  attending  the  growth  of  the  Associ- 
ation there  is  one  event  that  has  cast  a shadow,  the  effect  of 
which  will  last  for  a long  period.  In  April  of  1920,  Leslie  W. 
Miller  resigned  as  a member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  and  as 
Secretary,  thus  severing  relations  that  have  continued  for 
many  years.”  The  Board  adopted  a minute*  which  later 
was  incorporated  in  a booklet  artistically  ornamented  in  Renais- 
sance design  and  forwarded  to  Dr.  Miller  in  his  New  England 
home.  This  action  was  unanimously  approved  and  hearty 

•See  page  124. 


73 


good  wishes  of  the  Association  in  annual  meeting  assembled 
were  sent  to  Dr.  Miller. 

Joseph  A.  Steinmetz  and  the  Hon.  James  M.  Beck  ad- 
dressed the  meeting,  endorsing  enthusiastically  the  proposi- 
tion for  a World  Fair  in  Philadelphia  in  1926  and  showing 
the  splendid  advantages  from  every  point  of  view  in  the 
selection  of  the  Parkway  and  the  banks  of  the  Schuylkill  for 
the  site. 

A further  note  was  made  of  the  completion  and  erection 
of  the  statue  of  Thorhnn  Karlsefni,  the  generous  gift  by 
J.  Bunford  Samuel,  Esq.,  thus  anticipating  the  initiation  of 
his  wife’s  munificent  bequest. 

The  endeavors  and  accomplishments  of  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association  in  its  first  fifty  years,  thus  recorded, 
mark,  it  is  hoped,  but  the  beginning  of  its  career. 


74 


LIST  OF  OFFICERS  FROM  THE  ORGANIZATION 
OF  THE  ASSOCIATION 


PRESIDENTS 

Anthony  J.  Drexel 

John  H.  Converse 

Charles  H.  Howell 

James  M.  Beck 

F^dward  T.  Stotesbury 

Charles  J.  Cohen 

VICE-PRESIDENTS 

H.  CoRBiT  Ogden 

Charles  H.  Rogers 

Joel  J.  Baily 

Alexander  Brown 

George  B.  Roberts 

Charles  C.  Harrison 

F rank  Thomson 

William  W.  Justice 

F'erdinand  j.  Dreer 

Charles  E.  Dana 

F.dgar  V.  Seeler 

John  T.  Morris 

John  H.  Converse 

Charles  J.  Cohen 

FI.  Burgess  Warren 

James  M.  Beck 

Henry  K.  Fox 

'FREASURERS 

James  L.  Claghorn 

Thomas  Hockley 

Henry  K.  F"ox 

James  W.  Paul,  Jr 

William  W.  Justice 

John  W.  Pepper 

W.  Hinckle  Smith 

SECRETARIES 

John  Bellangee  Cox 

John  B.  Robinson 

Charles  H.  Howell 

Leslie  W.  Miller 

Roland  L.  Taylor 

TRUSTEES 

Joel  J.  Baily 

Wescott  Bailey 

Joseph  William  Bates 

James  M.  Beck 

Chapman  Biddle 

F'rederick  Meade  Bissell 

Charles  L.  Borie,  Jr 

Archibald  Campbell 

James  L.  Claghorn 

J.  Raymond  Claghorn 

Charles  J.  Cohen 

John  H.  Converse 


1871-1893 

1894-1900; 1904-1909 

1900-1902 

1903-1904 

1909-1916 

1916- 


1871-1876 

1876-1886 

1886- 1903 

1887- 1893 
1887-1898 
1894-1907 

1898- 1899 

1899- 1900 

1900- 1902 
1900-1914 
1904-1909 
1909-1915 
1909-1910 
1912-1916 
1916-1917 
1916- 
1916- 


1871-1885 

1885-1892 

1892-1899 

1899-1908 

1909-1914 

1915-1918 

1919- 


1871-1875;  1877-1887 

1875-1877 

1887-1900 

1900-1920 

1920- 


1875-1903 

1895-1900 

1884-1885 

1902- 

1872-1880 

1871-1874 

1907- 

1871-1876 

1871-1884 

1887-1892 

1877- 

1893-1910 


75 


John  Bellangee  Cox 

Andrew  Wright  Crawford 

Charles  E.  Dana 

Thomas  Dolan 

Thomas  J.  Dolan 

Ferdinand  J.  Dreer 

Anthony  J.  Drexel 

George  W.  Elkins 

Henry  K.  Fox 

William  D.  Gemmill 

Henry  C.  Gibson 

Lincoln  Godfrey 

Frederick  Graff 

Charles  J.  Harrah 

George  L.  Harrison,  Jr 

A.  G.  Hetherington 

Thomas  Hockley 

Wi  LLIAM  |.  HoRSTMANN 

Charles  H.  Howeli 

W iLLiAM  W.  Justice 

Albert  Kelsey 

W ALTER  LiHFINCOTT 

J.  Franklin  McFadden..  

John  1).  McIlhenny 

James  MacAllister 

Leslie  W.  Miller 

Joseph  Moore,  Jr 

John  'F.  Morris 

George  W.  Norris 

H.  CoRBiT  Ogden 

J.  Rodman  Paul 

James  W.  Paul,  Jr 

John  Worrell  Pepper 

Henry  Pettit 

Eli  Kirk  Price 

John  B.  Robinson 

Charles  H.  Rogers 

John  Sartain 

Edgar  V.  Seeler 

Frederick  R.  Shelton 

D.  C.  Wharton  Smith 

Joseph  Frailey  Smith 

W.  Hinckle  Smith 

Joseph  Allison  Steinmetz 

E.  T.  Stotesbury 

William  Struthers,  Jr 

Roland  L.  Taylor 

Edward  H.  Trotter 

E.  Burgess  Warren 

George  S.  Webster 

Cornelius  N.  Weygandt 

Samuel  S.  White 

Joseph  Widener 

COUNSEL 

J.  Sergeant  Price 

James  M.  Beck 

D.  Stuart  Robinson 


1871-1887 

1903- 

1909-1914 

1871-1897 

1897-1905 

1889-1898 

1871-1893 

1914-1917 

1871- 

1875-1875 

1871-1875 

1885-1888 

1888-1889 

1880-1888 

1918-1919 

1888-1921 

1880-1892 

1871-1871 

1871-1902 

1889-1897;  1900-1914 

1909- 

1871-1883 

1918- 

1918- 

1897-1913 

1895-1920 

1876-1887 

1885-1915 

1915-1917 

1871-1879 

1920- 

1897-1908 

1905-1918 

1887-1888 

1914- 

1875-1877 

1872-1884 

1893-1897 

1909- 

1881-1894 

1884-1886 

1871-1874 

1919- 

1901- 

1909-1915 

1876-1883 

1911- 

1871-1871 

1890-1917 

1916- 

1889-1907 

1871-1879 

1916- 


1893-1897 

1897- 

1907-1921 


76 


A BRIEF  ACCOUNT 
of  the 

FOUNDERS 

and 

CERTAIN  OTHERS 

by 

CHARI.es  |.  COHEN 

President 


COLONEL  CHARLES  H.  HOWELL 
Founder  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  in  1871 
President,  1900-1902 


78 


CHARLES  H.  HOWKI.L 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  'Frustees 

President  of  this  Association,  dietl  on  |une  18,  1902, 
He  was  horn  in  Philadelphia  on  h'ehruary  10,  1848,  his  father 
being  Henry  C.  Howell. 

h'rom  early  manhood  he  was  prominently  identified  with 
various  State  military  organizations.  He  was  for  man\’  years 
an  active  member  of  the  First  City  Troop  and  was  an  Honor- 
ary member  of  that  body  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  served 
as  lieutenant  colonel  on  the  staff  of  (iovernor  Hastings  and  as 
division  quarter-master  on  the  staff  of  (leneral  Snowden. 

A man  of  great  public  spirit,  he  took  a prominent  part  in 
the  affairs  of  many  philanthropic  societies  and  associations. 
During  the  Spanish-American  War  he  was  president  of  the 
Philadelphia  Red  Cross  and  he  held  this  office  at  the  time  of 
his  death.  He  was  also  vice-president  of  the  Philadelphia 
Lying-in  Charity,  and  treasurer  of  the  Mercantile  Beneficial 
Association.  He  was  an  active  friend  of,  and  a generous  con- 
tributor to,  many  charities.  The  following  clubs  and  societies 
numbered  him  among  their  members:  4'he  Union  I.eague,  the 
Art  Club,  the  Country  Club,  the  Bachelors’  Barge  Club, 
the  State  in  Schuylkill  and  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution. 

Of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  he  was  practically 
the  founder  and  its  leading  spirit  for  many  years,  A charter 
member,  he  served  on  the  Board  of  dVustees  from  its  inception, 
as  secretary  from  1886  to  1900  and  as  president  from  1900  to 
the  time  of  his  death. 

He  is  survived  by  his  widow,  who  was  Miss  Annie  M. 
Fitler,  daughter  of  the  late  Edwin  H.  Fitler,  Mayor  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  by  three  daughters  and  one  son. 

At  the  thirty-first  Annual  Meeting  held  December  18, 
1902,  Mr,  Charles  J.  Cohen  spoke  as  follows: 

Mr.  Chairman: — “The  privilege  of  a few  minutes  is  asked 
in  which  to  speak  of  the  personality  of  the  late  Colonel  Charles 
H.  Howell,  founder  of  this  Association  and  its  President  at 
the  time  of  his  demise. 

“Five  and  twenty  years  ago,  walking  down  Chestnut 
Street  one  winter  morning,  a sign  in  the  front  of  Earle’s  pic- 
ture gallery  attracted  my  attention.  It  read  somewhat  in 

79 


this  fashion:  ‘On  exhibition — photographs  of  the  Dying 

Lioness,  a bronze  work  recently  acquired  by  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association;  those  interested  in  adorning  Fairmount 
Park  with  statuary  are  invited  to  become  members  of  the 
association.’ 

“Interested  in  art  and  believing  civic  adornment  to  be 
a most  meritorious  virtue,  I entered,  admired  and  became  a 
member.  Some  time  later,  as  a member  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees,  1 became  acquainted  with  Charles  H.  Howell  and 
soon  learned  to  regard  him  with  feelings  of  the  greatest  esteem, 
as  well  as  admiration  for  his  excellent  qualities  and  notably 
his  devotion  to  the  work  of  this  Association.  He  has  often 
told  me  of  the  inspiration  that  came  to  him  in  1871  and  how 
he  called  upon  a few  men  in  Philadelphia,  noted  for  their 
public  spirit,  their  interest  in  art  and  their  willingness  to  aid 
in  what  we  now  term  making  a ‘City  Beautiful.’  The  late 
Anthony  J.  Drexel  consented  to  serve  as  President,  giving  it 
all  the  power  of  his  name  and  character  until  his  death,  it 
being  one  of  the  very  few  Associations  over  which  he  consented 
to  preside. 

“It  is  most  interesting  to  turn  the  pages  of  the  earlier 
reports,  looking  at  the  extremely  small  sums  of  money  that 
were  obtained,  watching  the  very  slow  growth  of  the  special 
funds  for  the  Meade,  Garfield  and  Grant  Memorials,  all  of 
which,  happily.  Colonel  Howell  lived  to  see  realized  in  a most 
admirable  and  artistic  manner,  and  particularly  does  the 
thought  often  come  to  my  mind  of  the  periods  of  depression, 
through  which  he  passed,  when  the  development  of  the  Associ- 
ation seemed  to  stand  still,  and  when  the  paucity  of  numbers 
at  meetings,  both  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  and  at  the  annual 
gatherings  of  the  Association  itself,  was  a most  discouraging 
feature.  But  the  sturdy  sense  of  responsibility  and  the  latent 
feeling  that  the  community  would  at  some  time  either  far  or 
near  understand  and  be  willing  to  develop  and  support  the 
ideals,  for  which  the  Association  has  always  stood,  were  the 
mainstays  that  carried  him  through  all  these  trials.  I can 
speak  of  these  things,  because  they  are  now  ol  the  past,  but 
they  were  serious  when  they  happened,  and  we  cannot  be  too 
grateful  or  too  appreciative  of  the  character  that  will  be 
willing  at  great  personal  sacrifice  to  withstand  the  pressure  for 
abandonment  that  has  many  times  ov^erturned  enterprises  of 
a like  nature.  It  was  always  Colonel  Howell’s  endeavor  to 
interest  intelligent  and  art-loving  citizens  and  to  give  them 

80 


part  of  his  enthusiasm  in  the  development  of  the  adornment 
at  the  park  and  city;  and  he  was  always  willing  to  have  others 
receive  any  honor  or  praise  to  he  given  while  he  would  accom- 
plish the  necessary  work. 

“The  conception  of  the  Permanent  Fund  was  put  in  shape 
as  early  as  1874,  to  he  followed  hy  the  creation  of  the  Per- 
petual Memberships  in  1895.  Both  of  these  originated  with 
Colonel  Howell  and  were  watched  hy  him  with  a fatherly 
care,  and  nearly  all  of  the  Perpetual  Mem herships  were  obtained 
through  his  personal  intercession. 

“4'he  last  definite  act  was  during  the  autumn  of  last  year, 
when  I accompanied  him  to  the  foundry  in  Philadelphia  to 
examine  the  full-sized  statue  in  plaster  which  had  been  com- 
pleted hy  the  sculptor  for  the  Monumental  Memorial,  now  in 
course  of  erection  in  West  Fairmount  Park.  The  last  time  1 
grasped  his  hand  was  during  the  winter  of  the  present  year, 
when  he  was  lying  on  a bed  of  sickness,  hut  with  a cheerful, 
bright  and  clear  mind  he  showed  an  eager  desire  to  know  of 
the  progress  and  welfare  of  the  Association  which  we  had 
both  served  from  early  manhood.  In  leaving  I used  the  ex- 
pression ‘Ciood-bye,’  my  usual  form  of  salutation,  but  it 
seemed  to  impress  him  differently,  and  at  his  earnest  solici- 
tation I withdrew  it,  substituting  the  formal  au  revoiVy  but 
I was  not  to  see  him  again. 

“But  1 would  remind  you  that  the  loving  and  admiring 
friends  of  Charles  H.  Howell  did  not  wait  until  he  was  gone 
from  among  them  to  note  his  worth.  On  the  occasion  of  the 
twenty-fifth  anniversary  of  the  incorporation  of  the  Society,  a 
number  of  us  gathered  together  and  marked  the  occasion  by 
the  adoption  of  suitable  resolutions,  which  were  engrossed 
and  presented  to  him,  by  the  placing  of  his  name  on 
the  honorary  roll  of  membership,  and  by  the  presentation 
of  a silver  loving  cup,  which  meant  far  more  in  the  minds  and 
hearts  of  those  associated  with  the  occasion,  than  they  could 
express.  With  the  growth  of  our  community  and  the  occasion 
for  the  larger  amount  of  work  to  be  accomplished  in  each 
man’s  life,  this  appreciation  of  men’s  deeds,  whilst  they  are 
still  with  us,  is  not  amiss.  We  are  no  less  cognizant  of  the  aid 
and  support  given  by  that  gracious  woman,  his  partner  in  life, 
to  these  undertakings.  To  her  and  her  honored  father,  the 
late  Edwin  H.  Fitler,  we  know  we  are  deeply  indebted  for 
many  successes,  instigated  and  suggested  by  Colonel  Howell, 
seconded  and  carried  out  by  them.’’ 


FRKDERICK  MEADE  BISSELL 
Founder  and  member  of  the  first  Board  of  Trustees 


82 


FRKDERICK  MKADK  BISSKT.L 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Frederick  Meade  Bissell  was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
December  5,  1842,  and  made  his  home  in  Philadelphia  in 
early  youth.  His  education  was  obtained  at  the  F.piscopal 
Academy  and  later  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in  1861  with  the  degree  of  Bachelor 
of  Arts. 

Mr.  Bissell  was  the  son  of  Israel  Morey  Bissell  and 
Augusta  Turner  Meade  and  the  great-great-grandson  of 
(leneral  Israel  Morey,  who  commanded  a division  of  New 
England  Troops  during  the  War  of  the  Revolution. 

He  was  a member  of  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution;  His- 
torical Society  of  Pennsylvania;  University  Club;  German- 
town Cricket  Club  (Secretary  1879-1891)  and  Secretary  of 
the  International  Cricket  Committee  1883-1891;  he  served 
in  the  first  regiment  Gray  Reserves  National  Guard  of  IVnn- 
sylvania  during  the  Civil  War  1862-1863. 

In  1870  Mr.  Bissell  married  Sarah  Corbit  Perot,  daughter 
of  Klliston  Perot  and  Caroline  R.  Corbit.  Mrs.  Bissell  lives 
at  Atlantic  City;  their  son,  Elliston  Perot  Bissell,  an  architect, 
born  in  1872,  lives  in  Germantown  and  in  1901  married  x^nna 
Randolph  Wurts,  daughter  of  Charles  Stewart  Wurts. 

Mr.  Bissell  was  associated  for  some  years  with  the  Penn- 
sylvania Railroad  executive  offices;  he  died  in  Germantown, 
January  10,  1908. 


83 


ARCHIBALD  CAMPBELL 
Founder  and  member  of  the  First  Board  of  Trustees 


84 


ARCHIBALD  CAMPBELL 

Founder  and  Member  ot  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Archibald  Campbell  was  born  in  Quilly,  County  Down, 
Ireland,  December  31,  1824,  and  came  to  this  country  in  1844, 
when  a youth  poor  and  friendless. 

His  first  employment  was  with  David  Milne  as  a designer 
of'  patterns,  then  with  James  C.  Kempton  at  Manayunk,  and 
on  the  latter’s  retirement  in  1850  he  rented  a room  and  with 
three  associates — mill  hands — began  weaving  and  in  a few 
years  had  erected  a series  of  mill  buildings  and  had  become 
the  largest  and  most  important  manufacturer  of  his  special 
character  of  goods  in  this  section  of  the  country. 

His  mansion  on  School  Lane,  Germantown,  was  situated 
in  a tract  of  60  acres  well  laid  out  and  decorated  and  in  his 
home  was  one  of  the  finest  libraries  of  the  day.  He  possessed 
some  excellent  pictures. 

He  was  a director  of  the  Commercial  National  Bank 
from  1866  and  was  a generous  donor  to  the  Pennsylvania 
Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts. 

Mr.  Campbell  died  October  23,  1874,  and  has  been  de- 
scribed by  his  friends  as  a natural  born  leader  of  men;  always 
bright,  never  despondent;  and  his  associates  would  remark 
that  “they  always  felt  safe  when  Campbell  was  about,  since 
it  was  evident  that  affairs  must  go  right.’’ 

He  is  described  as  dearly  loving  woods  and  fields  and  he 
would  seize  every  opportunity  to  spend  a day  in  the  country, 
when  business  cares  and  anxieties  were  banished  and  he  would 
enter  joyously  into  the  pastimes  of  the  occasion. 


85 


JAMES  L.  CLAGHORN 
Founder  and  member  of  the  first  Board  of 
Trustees 

Treasurer  1871-188S 


86 


JAMES  LAWRENCE  CI>AGHORN 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

James  L.  Claghorn  was  born  in  Philadelphia  July  5,  1817, 
and  died  x^ugust  25,  1884. 

The  Claghorn  family  goes  back  to  its  register  at  the 
Lyon  office  in  Edinburgh  where  the  Cleggorne  arms  were 
entered  in  1630.  The  name  is  of  Celtic  origin  and  is  of  great 
antiquity. 

The  first  record  in  this  country  is  of  James  Claghorn, 
living  in  Yarmouth,  Massachusetts,  in  1654,  when  he  was 
active  in  suppressing  the  Indian  Revolt  called  King  Philip’s 
War.  . . ‘ . 

Then  in  a succeeding  generation  a Claghorn  was  a soldier 
in  theLouisburg  Expedition  of  1745.  Three  of  his  descendants 
were  in  the  Revolutionary  War.  Colonel  James  Claghorn 
continued  the  military  record  of  the  family,  and  one  of  his 
grandsons  was  Benjamin  Alvord,  Major  (leneral  U.  S.  A. 
Col.  Claghorn  was  in  the  regiment  known  as  “Green  Mountain 
Boys,”  and  took  part  in  the  capture  of  Ticonderoga. 

Col.  George  Claghorn,  1797,  was  the  head  of  Hart’s  ship- 
yard at  Boston  where  the  Constitution  was  launched. 

John  William  Claghorn,  the  father  of  the  subject  of  our 
sketch,  was  born  in  Massachusetts,  1789;  he  came  to  Phila- 
delphia in  1810  and  was  a communicant  at  xSt.  Andrew’s 
Church.  In  1814,  returning  to  Boston,  he  enlisted  in  Col. 
Binney’s  regiment. 

Coming  back  to  Philadelphia,  he  became  a member  of 
the  auction  house  of  Myers,  Claghorn  & Co.,  a director  of  the 
Philadelphia  and  of  the  Girard  National  Banks.  He  helped 
to  organize  and  was  the  first  \’ice-President,^ later  Treasurer, 
of  the  Northern  Home  for  Friendless  Children. 

At  the  age  of  fourteen,  James  Lawrence  Claghorn  left 
school  and  went  to  work  in  earnest.  For  it  was  an  auction 
store  that  he  entered,  and  the  work  there  was  usually  harder 
than  in  other  places,  the  hours  being  longer — earlier  and 
later — and  the  holidays  rarer  than  in  ordinary  commercial 
houses. 

Recognizing  that  his  education  was  incomplete  with  the 
end  of  his  school  life,  he  gave  much  of  his  leisure  to  self-im- 

87 


provement;  his  evenings,  when  not  spent  in  the  counting- 
house,  were  devoted  to  reading,  and  the  hooks  that  he  read 
were  such  as  to  give  instruction  and  to  gratify  an  inherent 
taste  for  art  and  literature  of  an  elevating  character,  resulting 
in  the  development  of  his  taste  for  art,  evidenced  in  the  collec- 
tion, as  his  means  would  permit,  of  engravings  and  pictures 
such  as  would  cultivate  his  taste  in  that  direction.  When 
he  could  spare  the  money  he  would  buy  an  engraving,  if  the 
subject  or  author  interested  him;  so  that  he  became,  in  the 
latter  part  of  his  life,  the  owner  of  one  of  the  largest  collections 
of  engravings  in  the  country.  A noted  patron  of  art,  he  was 
desirous  of  encouraging  native  talent,  so  that  at  one  period  he 
had  more  than  two  hundred  paintings,  the  work  of  American 
artists.  Many  pictures  he  bought  to  help  the  artist,  rather 
than  for  his  own  gratification  as  a collector.  Later  on  in  life, 
he  became  deeply  interested  in  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of 
the  Fine  Arts,  which  was  then  on  Chestnut  Street  above 
Tenth.  Subsequently  he  became  its  President  and,  largely 
through  his  influence  and  his  personal  means,  the  present 
structure  at  the  south-west  corner  of  Broad  and  Cherry  Streets 
was  erected.  Mr.  Claghorn  was  also  largely  instrumental  in 
securing  the  erection  of  the  Academy  of  Music  at  Broad  and 
Locust  Streets. 

In  middle  life  he  became  a member  of  the  firm  and  took 
his  father’s  place. 

So  he  passed  the  best  years  of  his  life  in  earnest  attention 
to  business,  seizing  moments  of  leisure  for  the  gratification  of 
his  love  for  art,  until  the  time  came,  when,  having  acquired 
a competency,  he  determined  to  retire  from  business  and  con- 
templated a visit  to  Europe.  \N’hile  he  was  making  arrange- 
ments for  a holiday  of  great  enjoyment,  the  country  became 
involved  in  the  Great  Rebellion  of  1861-65.  Full  of  love  for 
his  country  and  unwilling  to  act  in  a way  that  might  seem  a 
desertion  in  her  time  of  trial,  Mr.  Claghorn  gave  up  his  con- 
templated foreign  tour  and  applied  himself  diligently  and 
earnestly  to  the  duties  of  a true,  loyal  citizen  in  the  support 
of  the  government.  He  was  one  of  the  earliest  members  of 
The  Union  League  and  was  interested  in  collecting  money  for 
the  raising  and  equipment  of  regiments  to  be  sent  to  the  front. 

After  the  war  he  visited  England,  Scotland,  Ireland, 
France,  Switzerland,  Spain,  Italy,  Egypt,  Palestine,  Turkey, 
Greece,  Austria,  Russia,  Germany,  Holland  and  Belgium, 

Shortly  after  his  return  to  Philadelphia,  he  became  the 

88 


President  of  the  Commercial  National  Bank.  F'or  several 
years  previously  he  had  been  a Director  of  the  Philadelphia 
National  Rank  (as  his  lather  had  been  before  him),  so  that  he 
had  proper  training  lor  the  duties  of  his  new  position.  He 
became  also  a manager  in  the  Philadelphia  Saving  Fund 
Society,  the  oldest  and  the  largest  saving  fund  in  the  city. 
\\'ith  most  commendable  diligence  and  industry  he  at  once  set 
about  building  up  the  bank  so  as  to  make  it  profitable  to  its 
stockholders.  Not  forgetting,  however,  the  attractions  of  art, 
he  covered  the  walls  of  his  bank  parlor  with  beautiful  speci- 
mens of  the  choicest  engravings,  so  that  even  the  daily  routine 
of  business  life  might  be  enlivened  by  glimpses  into  the  attrac- 
tive world  of  art. 

In  the  vear  1869,  when  the  Board  of  Citv  Trusts  was 
created  by  act  of  the  Legislature  (to  which  board  is  committed 
the  vast  estate  left  by  Stephen  Girard,  as  well  as  the  other 
trusts  ol  the  City  of  Philadelphia),  Mr.  Claghorn  was  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  original  board  of  twelve,  and  from  that 
date  until  his  death  he  gave  much  time  and  thought  to  the 
duties  thus  devolved  upon  him.  He  became  Chairman  of  the 
finance  committee,  which  place  he  held  until  the  end  of  his  life. 


89 


JOHN  BELLANGEE  COX 
Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board  of  Trustees 
Secretary  1871  to  1874,  1877  to  1887 


90 


JOHN  BKI.LANGEE  COX 

Eoiinder  and  Member  of  the  Eirst  Board 

ot  trustees 

John  Bellangee  Cox  was  born  in  Germantown,  Philadel- 
phia, September,  1839,  and  died  in  Philadelphia  January  3, 
1888.  His  ancestors  on  both  sides  were  people  of  distinction. 
Ive  De  Bellangee  came  over  in  the  ship  “Harp”  with  the 
French  Protestants  about  1780,  the  ship  having  sailed  from 
London  and  put  in  first  at  Barnegat,  N.  J.,  finally  reaching 
Philadelphia.  Although  a Calvinist  he  joined  the  Society  of 
Friends  and  was  married  in  Philadelphia  by  Friends’  ceremony 
in  1697  to  Christine  De  la  Plaine.  Among  the  witnesses  to  the 
wedding  was  F.  D.  Pastorius,  the  founder  of  Germantown. 

I'hrough  the  generations  the  family  became  allied  with 
the  Stocktons  on  the  one  side  and  on  the  other  in  later  years 
with  S.  S.  Cox,  of  Ohio.  On  the  wall  of  Christ  Church  in  Phila- 
delphia there  is  a tablet  erected  by  William  Cox  to  the  memory 
of  his  brother,  John  Cox,  who  was  drowned  in  the  Delaware 
River  in  1713.  d'he  Stocktons  were  descended  from  Richard 
Stockton,  the  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 

John  Bellangee  Cox  was  a graduate  of  I.afayette  College 
and,  shortly  after  his  admittance  to  the  Philadelphia  Bar, 
took  a position  as  Secretary  and  Treasurer  of  the  United 
Security  Life  Insurance  and  Trust  Company,  then  situated  at 
Tenth  and  Chestnut  Streets.  On  the  organization  of  the  Fair- 
mount  Park  Art  Association  he  became  a member  of  the  first 
Board  of  Trustees  and  its  secretary,  and  much  of  its  early 
development  was  left  to  him,  since  he  was  well  fitted  for  the 
undertaking  of  work  of  that  character.  He  served  as  secretary 
from  1871  to  1886  with  an  interruption  of  three  years,  when 
the  position  was  occupied  by  John  B.  Robinson. 

Mr.  Cox’s  death  was  sudden.  He  was  seized  with  a heart 
attack  whilst  at  the  morning  meal,  expiring  instantly.  His 
interest  in  the  Association  from  the  beginning  was  pronounced 
and  undoubtedly  much  of  its  subsequent  success  was  due  to 
his  clear  and  strong  personality. 


91 


THOMAS  DOLAN 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board  of  Trustees 


92 


THOMAS  DO  I.  AN 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Thomas  Dolan  was  born  in  Montgomery  County,  Penn- 
sylvania, October  27,  1834. 

Educated  in  the  Public  School,  his  first  entrance  into  a 
business  career  was  at  the  age  of  fifteen,  when  he  took  a posi- 
tion in  a retail  dry-goods  store,  which  he  retained  until  1856. 
He  then  joined  a firm  of  importers  of  English  hosiery  which 
gave  him  the  incentive  to  produce  similar  goods  in  this  country, 
so  that  in  the  early  sixties  he  equipped  a mill  in  the  manu- 
facturing district  of  the  city  and  in  a few  years,  by  industry 
and  a keen  knowledge  of  the  public  requirements  in  all  classes 
of  soft  materials,  he  became  a leader  in  that  kind  of  goods. 
Having  acquired  a large  fortune,  he  retired  from  business, 
directing  his  attention  to  public  utilities,  which  were  then 
beginning  to  be  of  tlecided  importance. 

Mr.  Dolan  organized  the  Brush  Electric  Company,  both 
here  and  in  New  ^'ork  and  in  Baltimore,  and  in  1892  accepted 
the  Presidency  of  the  United  (Eis  Improvement  Company, 
bringing  that  organization  to  a high  state  of  efiiciency,  main- 
tained throughout  his  connection  with  the  Company  until  his 
withdrawal  March  16,  1912. 

A staunch  Republican  in  politics,  he  was  one  of  the  first 
members  of  The  Union  League  and  its  \'ice-President  for  several 
years.  He  took  an  active  part  in  supporting  all  movements 
looking  to  a high  protective  tariff,  claiming  that  this  was 
essential  to  overcome  the  great  difference  in  the  rate  of  wages 
between  foreign  and  American  work  people. 

Mr.  Dolan  was  a director  of  the  Fidelity  Trust  Company, 
the  Finance  Company  of  Pennsylvania  and  the  Philadelphia 
Electric  Company,  and  a trustee  of  the  School  of  Industrial 
Art.  Notwithstanding  all  these  activities,  he  was  a lover  of 
literature  and  had  a splendid  library  in  his  home  at  Torres- 
dale  on  the  Delaware. 

Mr.  Dolan  died  June  12,  1914. 


93 


ANTHONY  J.  DREXFX 
First  President,  1871-1893 


94 


ANTHONY  JOSEPH  DREXEL 

Pounder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Anthony  Joseph  Drexel,  the  second  son  of  Francis  Martin 
Drexel,  was  born  in  Philadelphia  September  13,  1826.  His 
business  career  was  begun  at  the  age  of  thirteen  in  the  bank- 
ing house  ol  his  father  and  with  the  parent  Drexel  firm  in 
Philadelphia  his  whole  active  life  was  identified.  After  the 
father’s  death  in  1863,  Anthony  J.  with  his  brother,  Francis  A., 
continued  the  business,  later  being  joined  by  the  third  brother, 
Joseph  \V.  d’he  Paris  house,  Drexel,  Harjes  & Company, 
was  established  in  1867  and  the  New  York  house,  Drexel, 
Morgan  & Company,  in  1871.  The  death  of  Francis  A. 
Drexel  in  1885  left  Anthony  in  exclusive  direction  of  the 
original  concern  in  Philadelphia.  It  was  essentially  due  to 
him  that  the  world-wide  extension  of  the  Drexel  interests  was 
attained;  the  history  of  the  banking  business,  of  which  he  was 
the  head,  was  the  history  of  his  life. 

d'he  distinguishing  aspect  of  the  business  of  the  Drexels 
was  the  volume  of  their  resources  and  their  constant  utilization 
for  purposes  of  a public  or  semi-public  nature.  In  each  of  the 
several  departments  of  national,  state  and  municipal  loans 
and  financial  services  to  railway  and  similar  great  corporations, 
the  Drexel  transactions  have  aggregated  many  hundreds  of 
millions  of  dollars. 

An  adequate  review  of  the  life  of  Anthony  Joseph  Drexel 
must  involve  a just  appreciation  of  the  character  of  the  man 
in  the  aspect  of  the  commanding  power  which  he  exercised. 
The  following  is  taken  from  a memorial  address  by  Bishop 
Potter: 

“Mr.  Drexel  was  distinguished  above  all  by  a moral 
nobleness  in  business,  a kind  of  financial  statesmanship, 
touched  with  the  finest  sensibility  and  lifted  to  the  most 
exalted  conception  of  great  responsibility  and  opportunities. 
There  is  no  test  of  character  at  once  so  searching  and  so  final, 
as  the  possession,  in  whatever  kind,  of  great  power.  He  was 
a man  who,  holding  a great  power,  wielded  it  for  the  greatest 
good;  who  held  up  the  weak,  sustained  the  public  credit, 
befriended  tottering  fortunes  and  enterprises,  put  life  beneath 
the  very  ribs  of  death  and  set  the  corpse  upon  its  feet  again, 

95 


and  all  this  in  a fashion  of  such  modest  and  unobtrusive 
naturalness,  that  we  who  saw  him  or  knew  of  his  doings  nev'er 
saw  how  great  they  were  until  he  himself  was  taken  away  and  we 
beheld  them  in  their  true  light.  Every  honest  enterprise  was 
stronger,  because  it  knew  it  could  count  upon  his  sympathy. 
Every  equivocal  and  dubious  enterprise  of  shrewd  and  un- 
scrupulous men  was  weaker,  because  it  was  known  that  they 
would  have  to  reckon  with  his  unbending  honesty  and  his 
uncompromising  equity.  Knaves  dreaded  his  searching  eye  and 
knavish  undertakings  were  the  weaker,  because  he  liv'ed  to 
detect  and  designate  them.  This  was  his  moral  power  and 
men  felt  it  everywhere  and  with  unceasing  force  ail  the  way 
to  the  end.” 

In  his  private  beneficences  Mr.  Drexel  was  one  of  the 
most  liberal  men  of  his  time,  his  aid  being  extended  to  churches 
of  all  denominations  and  to  every  hospital,  dispensary,  home 
and  benevolent  organization  in  Philadelphia,  as  well  as  to 
countless  individuals.  He  was  one  of  the  earliest  and  most 
generous  contributors  to  the  Univ^ersity  of  Pennsylv’ania  in 
its  recent  development.  In  conjunction  with  his  friend, 
George  W.  Childs,  he  established  the  Childs-Drexel  Home  for 
Aged  Printers  at  Colorado  Springs,  Colorado. 

The  Drexel  Institute  of  Philadelphia  was  founded  and 
endowed  by  him  and  he  had  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  this 
great  institution  in  full  operation  before  his  death,  an  example 
worthy  to  be  followed  by  philanthropists  throughout  the  land. 
In  addition  to  the  cost  of  the  building,  equipment,  library 
and  an  endowment  amounting  to  two  million  dollars,  he 
bequeathed  to  the  Institute  an  additional  one  million  dollars. 
To  the  organization  of  its  fundamental  plan  and  to  the  details 
of  its  administration,  he  devoted  a most  conscientious  care, 
aiming  to  make  it  a factor  for  the  practical  encouragement 
of  art,  science  and  industry.  His  chief  motive  was  a deep 
sympathy  for  young  people  who  are  obliged  to  make  their 
own  way  in  the  world  and  all  the  courses  of  instruction  were 
formulated  with  this  end  in  view,  at  the  same  time  seeking 
to  avoid  tendencies  which  might  make  them  dependents.  He 
occupied  the  position  of  President  of  the  Board  of  Managers 
of  the  Drexel  Institute  until  his  death. 

The  private  life  of  Mr.  Drexel  was  characterized  by 
qualities  of  honorable,  sincere  and  noble  manhood.  His  per- 
sonal friends  were  the  notable  men  of  the  time.  Unassuming 
and  modest,  he  avoided  all  public  prominence,  having  declined 

96 


the  office  of  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  tendered  by  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States.  Inheriting  the  artistic  develop- 
ments and  tastes  of  his  father,  he  was  an  enthusiastic  collector 
of  objects  of  art,  of  which  his  possessions  ranked  among  the 
best  selected  and  most  valuable  in  the  country. 

He  died  at  Carlsbad,  Bohemia,  June  30,  1893. 

A splendid  bronze  statue  of  Air.  Drexel  (executed  by 
the  eminent  sculptor,  Kzekiel),  the  gift  of  his  former  business 
partner,  John  H.  Harjes,  of  Paris,  to  the  City  of  Philadelphia, 
was  unveiled  in  Fairmount  Park  with  approj>riate  ceremonies 
in  June,  1905. 

It  is  now  proper  to  take  note  of  Mr.  Drexel’s  interest  in 
the  h'airmount  Park  Art  Association. 

At  the  time  of  its  foundation,  a committee,  being  assured 
of  his  interest  in  art  and  in  the  welfare  of  his  native  city, 
tendered  him  the  Presidency;  he  accepted  the  honor,  con- 
sidering it  a distinction,  and  retained  the  office  until  his 
death,  presiding  at  the  meetings  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  and 
always  being  willing  to  give  time  and  attention  to  the  many 
problems,  financial  and  otherwise,  that  confronted  the  man- 
agement in  the  early  years  of  its  career.  In  fact  it  is  recog- 
nized that  the  formation  and  additions  to  the  Permanent 
h'und  were  made  possible  by  the  knowledge  that  his  guiding 
hand  would  ensure  stability  to  its  investments,  a pcdicy  that 
has  been  maintained  and  one  that  it  is  earnestly  hoped  never 
may  be  departed  from. 

It  is  believed  that  the  Presidency  of  this  Association 
(save  only  the  Drexel  Institute)  was  the  only  executive  posi- 
tion that  he  consented  to  accept. 


97 


HENRY  K.  FOX 

Founder  and  only  surviving  member  of  the  original  Board  of  Trustees,  still  identified 

with  the  present  management 


98 


HENRY  K.  FOX 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Henry  K.  Fox  was  born  in  Philadelphia  September  21, 
1847,  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  the  Central 
High  School.  He  graduated  from  the  I.aw  School  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1878.  His  father  was  the  Hon. 
Daniel  M.  Fox,  Mayor  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  1869-1871. 

Henry  K.  Fox  is  the  only  member  of  the  original  Board 
of  Trustees  now  surviving,  who  still  serves  on  the  Board;  he 
is  now  Vice-President  of  the  Association. 

It  was  in  the  year  1871  that  Mr.  Fox  with  Charles  H. 
Howell,  his  neighbor,  conversed  frequently  about  the  future 
development  of  Fairmount  Park  and  the  possibilities  of  its 
adornment  with  statuary  and  other  works  of  art. 

The  extensive  plans  for  the  Park,  just  completed  under 
the  guidance  of  the  Commissicmers,  the  body  recently  autlum- 
ized  to  undertake  these  imiiortant  measures,  had  been  formu- 
lated, and  it  was  considered  opportune  to  form  an  organiza- 
tion of  men  and  women  to  advise  in  the  conduct  of  the  en- 
terprise and  to  enlist  the  sympathy  and  aid  of  the  community. 
Out  of  this  grew  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  and  we 
are  indebted  to  Messrs.  Howell  and  Fox  for  their  initiative 
and  enterprise  in  originating  it. 

Mr.  F ox  has  been  in  active  practice  of  the  law  for  the 
past  forty  years,  being  especially  interested  in  that  phase 
relating  to  real  estate,  and  his  counsel  and  judgment  in  the 
practical  conduct  of  the  affairs  of  the  Association  have  been 
of  value. 

For  many  years  he  served  as  Treasurer,  devoting  very 
many  hours  and  days  to  the  care  of  the  accounts,  until  finally 
they  became  so  numerous  and  varied  as  to  require  a staff  for 
their  administration. 


99 


HENRY  C.  GIBSON 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  E'irst  Board  of  Trustees 


100 


HENRY  C.  GIBSON 

Founder  and  Member  ot  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Henry  C.  Gibson  was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  1830.  His 
father,  John  Gibson,  came  to  this  country  from  the  North  ot 
Ireland  and  in  1856  founded  the  (libsonton  Mills  Distillery 
on  the  Monongahela  River  near  Pittsburgh.  Upon  his  death 
in  1865  his  son  Henry  succeeded  to  the  business,  in  which  he 
continued  for  some  years,  finally  retiring  from  active  partici- 
pation to  devote  his  time  to  public  work  and  benefactions 
and  to  the  cultivation  of  art,  in  which  he  was  deeply  interested. 

He  was  a director  of  many  financial  institutions.  Mr. 
Gibson  was  closely  identified  with  the  Pennsylvania  Academy 
of  the  Fine  Arts,  having  been  a director  from  1870  and  its 
\’ice-President  from  1890  to  1891;  also  with  the  Hospital  of 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  to  which  latter’s  new  building 
he  was  one  of  the  largest  contributors  when  it  was  erected  in 
1876. 

Hut  his  chief  interest  lay  in  his  collection  of  French 
masterpieces,  which  hung  on  the  walls  of  his  resilience 
in  Walnut  Street  above  Sixteenth  and  comprised  examples  of 
Diaz,  \’on  Marcke,  Zamacois,  Millet,  DeNeuville,  Detaille, 
Munkaczy,  Dupre  and  Cabanel,  whose  “Birth  of  \’enus”  has 
a wide  celebrity.  Daubigny  and  Rosa  Bonheur  are  also  rep- 
resented and,  although  this  does  not  complete  the  list,  it  gives 
a fair  representation  of  the  quality  of  the  collection. 

One  of  the  most  notable  contributions  to  art  was  made 
by  Mr.  Gibson  in  his  bequest  of  his  superb  collection  to  the 
Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts. 

One  of  his  benefactions  was  the  endowment  of  the  Gibson 
wing  for  incurables  at  the  University  Hospital,  as  also  many 
generous  contributions  to  various  departments  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania. 

Mr.  Gibson  died  in  Philadelphia  December  20,  1891. 


101 


\ 


WILl.lAM  J.  HOKSTMANN 
Founder  and  member  of  the  first  Board  of 
Trustees 


102 


WILLIAM  J.  HORSTMANN 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Hoard 

of  Trustees 

Horn  in  Philadelphia  in  1819,  William  J.  Horstniann 
was  the  oldest  son  of  William  H.  Horstmann,  who  in  1816,  at 
Third  and  Arch  Streets  in  this  city,  established  the  business 
of  the  manufacture  of  narrow  textile  fabrics  and  military 
equipment,  now  being  continued  by  his  descendants  as  William 
H.  Horstmann  Company  (Incorporated),  in  Philadelphia  and 
New  York, 

Mr.  Horstmann  was  educated  at  the  private  school  of 
Mr.  John  Beck  at  Lititz,  near  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania.  He 
was  fortunate  in  receiving  a good  training  from  a sympathetic 
teacher,  whose  character  left  an  impress,  which  had  a decided 
influence  throughout  his  career. 

At  an  early  age  Mr.  Horstmann  became  associated  with 
his  father’s  business  and  in  1843  he  and  his  younger  brother, 
Sigmund  H.  Horstmann,  were  admitted  to  full  partnership. 
Alter  the  retirement  of  their  father  two  years  later,  the 
brothers  continued  the  business  under  the  old  style  of  William 
H.  Horstmann  and  Sons  for  the  next  twenty-five  years. 

He  was  one  of  the  founders  and  the  President  of  the 
Philadelphia  School  of  Design  for  Women  and  also  of  the 
Philadelphia  Lying-in  Hospital  and  Training  School  for 
Nurses;  a founder  and  member  of  the  original  Board  of  Trus- 
tees of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association;  President  of  the 
4'eutonia  Fire  Insurance  Cf)mpany  and  of  the  (lerman  Benevo- 
lent Society  of  this  city;  a 4'rustee  of  the  (ierman  (now  Lanke- 
nau)  Hospital  of  Philadelphia;  one  of  the  early  members  of 
the  Franklin  Institute,  the  Academy  of  the  Natural  Sciences, 
The  Union  League,  and  numerous  other  associations  of  the 
citv. 

Mr.  Horstmann  was  much  interested  in  the  Centennial 
Exposition  in  1876  and  took  an  active  part  In  its  inception, 
having  been  appointed  by  the  Governor  of  the  State  one  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Commissioners. 

After  a brief  Illness,  he  died  on  May  10,  1872. 


103 


WALTER  LlPPINCOTl’ 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board  of  Trustees 


KM 


WALTER  LIPPINCOTT 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Walter  Lippincott  was  born  in  Philadelphia  March  21, 
1849,  the  son  of  Joshua  Ballinger  Lippincott  and  Josephine 
Craige. 

A member  of  the  class  of  1868  of  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania, he  felt  obliged  to  accompany  his  father  to  Europe 
before  graduating.  On  his  return  to  Philadelphia,  he  entered 
his  father’s  publishing  house,  one  of  the  leaders  in  the  pro- 
duction of  the  best  literature  in  the  country. 

Mr.  Lippincott  is  a member  of  The  Union  League,  Ritten- 
house,  Art,  University,  Merion  and  Philadelphia  Country 
Clubs;  Franklin  Inn,  New  York  Yacht  and  Corinthian  Yacht 
Clubs;  Deputy  Ciovernor  of  the  Mayflower  Society;  Member 
of  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution,  the  Historical  Society  and  the 
Geographical  Society. 

Mr.  Lippincott  married  Elizabeth  Trotter  Horstmann, 
daughter  of  Sigmund  H.  Horstmann  and  Elizabeth  C.  W est, 
whom  he  survives.  Their  daughter,  Bertha  Horstmann 
Lippincott,  was  married  in  1908  to  Dr.  Strieker  Coles. 

Mr.  Lippincott  still  retains  his  membership  in  the  Fair- 
mount  Park  Art  Association,  although  impaired  health  re- 
quired his  withdrawal  from  the  Board  of  Trustees,  of  which 
he  was  an  original  member. 

Mr.  Lippincott  is  the  founder  of  the  Walter  Lippincott 
prize  of  three  hundred  dollars,  awarded  annually  for  many 
years  by  the  Committee  of  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the 
l‘'ine  .Arts,  for  the  best  figure-piece  or  marine  painted  in  oil 
shown  at  the  Exhibition. 


105 


H.  CORBIT  OGDEN 

Founder  and  member  of  the  first  Board  of  Trustees 


106 


H.  CORBIT  OGDEN 

Founder  and  Member  ot  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Henry  Corbit  Ogden  was  born  in  Philadelphia  November 
9,  1849,  the  son  of  Charles  Smith  Ogden  and  Emma  Corbit. 

He  was  an  importer  of  silks,  occupying  a distinguished 
position  as  a merchant.  He  was  an  active  member  of  the 
First  Troop  Philadelphia  City  Cavalry,  but  devoted  much  ot 
his  leisure  to  literary  and  antiquarian  pursuits. 

A member  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  he  was  educated  at 
Friends’  School,  well  known  then  as  now  for  an  admirable 
system  of  education,  and  later  at  Laval  University  in  Quebec, 
Canada. 

In  1877,  Mr.  Ogden  married  Eliza  Chase  Bowman, 
the  daughter  of  Alexander  Hamilton  Bowman  and  Marie 
Louise  Collins,  their  only  issue  surviving  being  Mrs.  Marie 
Louise  Fmbree,  now  living  in  New  York  Citv.  Mr.  Ogden 
died  July  8,  1891. 


107 


JOSEPH  FR.’ULEY  SMITH 
Founder  and  member  of  the  First  Board  of  Trustees 


108 


jOSKPH  FRAILKY  SMITH 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Joseph  F'railey  Smith  was  horn  in  Reading,  Pennsylvania, 
January  10,  1834,  and  died  in  Philadelphia  June  26,  1880.  His 
lather  was  John  Frederick  Smith,  one  of  Philadelphia’s  re- 
spected merchants.  His  grandfather,  Frederick  Smith,  an 
eminent  jurist,  was  Attorney  General  of  Pennsylvania  from 
1823  to  1828  and  later  Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
ol  the  State.  His  great  grandfather,  the  Rev.  Johann  Friederich 
Schmidt,  a graduate  of  the  University  of  Halle,  an  astronomer 
and  a master  of  the  Greek,  Arabic  and  Hebrew  languages,  was 
the  first  of  his  family  to  come  to  this  country.  He  was  an 
eminent  divine  and  one  of  the  pioneers  of  his  denomination 
to  come  to  America.  Seventeen  years  were  spent  b>'  him  as 
minister  of  St.  Michael’s  Lutheran  Church,  (lermantown, 
where  his  term  of  service  included  the  Revolutionary  War. 

Mr.  Smith  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  grad- 
uated from  the  Central  High  School  of  Philadelphia. 

In  June,  1860,  he  married  Harriet  Louise  Hinckle, 
daughter  ol  William  Hinckle  and  Elizabeth  Height. 

As  a young  man,  Mr.  Smith  was  associated  with  several 
leading  houses  in  the  drygoods  trade,  later  becoming  a member 
of  the  firm  of  Alfred  Slade  & Company  and  again  ol  Slade, 
Smith  & Company  until  its  dissolution.  For  several  years 
he  was  a special  partner  with  the  firm  of  Lewis  \N  harton  iC 
Co.,  until  he  retired  in  1867. 

When  The  Union  League  was  organized,  he  was  one  of  the 
first  members  of  that  club  and  in  addition  was  on  its  Board 
of  Directors  from  an  early  period  until  his  death,  at  which 
time  he  was  the  senior  Vice-President. 

His  son,  W.  Hinckle  Smith,  is  now  a member  ol  the 
Board  ol  Trustees  and  Treasurer  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association. 

Joseph  Frailey  Smith  was  a director  ol  numerous  corpo- 
rations, his  most  active  interest,  at  the  time  of  his  death,  being 
in  connection  with  the  building  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Rail- 
road, his  death  having  been  preceded  by  an  extensive  trip  over 
its  properties  only  a few  weeks  before. 


109 


* 


*1 


V 


t 


EDWARD  H.  TROTTER 
Founder  and  member  of  the  first  Board  of  Trustees 


no 


EDWARD  HOUGH  TROTTER 

Eoiinder  and  Member  ot  the  Eirst  Board 

of  Trustees 

Edward  Hough  Trotter  was  born  in  Philadelphia  Novem- 
ber 27,  1814. 

His  ancestors  were  of  Colonial  stock,  William  Trotter 
having  settled  in  Edizabeth,  New  Jersey,  in  1666;  his  name 
was  given  to  a bridge  in  the  northern  part  of  the  town  plot 
and  his  name  also  appears  in  the  list  of  those  who  subscribed 
to  “The  Oath  of  A Eeagence  and  Eidelity  taken  by  the  in- 
habitants of  Elizabeth  'Eown  and  the  Jurisdiction  thereof 
beginning  with  the  19th  Eebruary  1665.”  The  historian  of 
the  period  suggests  that  a Trotter  mounted  his  horse  and 
rode  to  New  Castle  to  greet  the  new  Governor  (William  Penn) 
and  Proprietor,  when  he  descended  from  “The  Welcome” 
October  28,  1682.  One  of  his  ancestors  was  Joseph  Trotter, 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania  I.egislature  1739-1755. 

Edward  Hough  Trotter  was  a member  of  the  firm  of 
Nathan  'Erotter  N Co.,  dealers  in  metals;  he  was  a director  of 
the  Lehigh  ^hllley  Railroad  Co.  and  chairman  of  its  Einance 
Committee  and  took  an  active  part  in  public  affairs.  He  be- 
came a member  of  The  Union  League  in  1863. 

Mr.  Trotter  died  at  his  home  in  Chestnut  Hill,  Mav  3, 
1872. 

The  notice  of  the  death  of  his  ancestor,  William  Trotter, 
in  1749,  is  so  applicable,  that  it  is  here  repeated. 

“ In  his  life  and  conv^ersation  he  was  grave,  yet  innocently 
cheerful  and  strictly  just  in  his  dealings,  also  a lover  and  a 
promoter  of  peace,  unity  and  brotherly  love  amongst  friends, 
of  which  he  himself  was  a good  pattern.  He  was  generally 
beloved  during  his  life  and  at  his  death  left  a good  savour.” 


Ill 


SAMUEL  S.  WHITE 

Founder  and  member  of  the  first  Board  of  Trustees 


112 


SAMUEL  S.  WHITE 

Founder  and  Member  of  the  First  Board 

of  Trustees 

Samuel  Stockton  White  was  born  at  Hulmevulle,  Bucks 
County,  Pennsylvania,  June  19,  1822.  At  the  age  of  sixteen 
he  was  indentured  to  his  uncle,  Samuel  W.  Stockton  (an  early 
manufacturer  of  porcelain  teeth).  Shortly  after  attaining  his 
majority  Mr.  White,  in  1844,  began  business  for  himself  at  the 
corner  of  Sev^enth  and  Race  Streets,  Philadelphia,  practicing 
dentistry  on  the  first  floor  and  conducting  in  the  garret,  his 
infant  industry,  the  making  of  mineral  (porcelain)  teeth.  A 
skilful  mold-cutter,  he  individualized  the  forms  of  the  various 
teeth,  as  they  had  never  been  before.  This  great  advance  gained 
immediate  recognition  and  the  demand  became  so  insistent, 
as  to  cause  him  to  relinquish  the  practice  of  dentistry  to  devote 
himself  thereafter  entirely  to  the  problems  of  manufacturing. 

The  first  public  recognition  of  Dr.  White’s  efforts  was  a 
testimonial  signed  by  many  leading  dentists  throughout  the 
country,  recording  the  superiority  of  the  porcelain  teeth  of 
his  make,  which  was  presented  in  January,  1846.  In  1853 
the  Philadelphia  College  of  Dental  Surgery  conferred  upon  him 
the  honorary  degree  of  Doctor  of  Dental  Surgery,  “as  a testi- 
monial of  our  appreciation  of  the  value  of  services  rendered 
to  the  dental  profession  in  the  manufacture  and  improvement 
of  mineral  teeth.” 

Steadfast  adherence  to  his  determination  to  make  only 
the  best  that  could  be  produced  led  to  equal  success  in  the 
other  departments  of  his  manufacture,  the  development  of 
which  proceeded  rapidly.  Of  steel  instruments,  for  example, 
he  produced  in  1867,  a line  so  refined  in  forms,  so  perfectly 
adapted  to  all  the  requirements  that  they  were  at  once  acclaimed 
the  finest  the  world  of  dentistry  had  ever  seen. 

Dr.  White  died  December  30,  1879,  in  the  fulness  of  his 
powers,  leaving  a heritage  whose  luster  time  will  not  dim. 


To  the  foregoing  list  of  Founders  and  Members  of  the 
original  Board  of  Trustees  are  added  the  names  of  those  who 
have  served  the  Association  for  a series  of  years  and  have 
aided  materially  by  exceptional  qualities  to  maintain  it  and  to 
add  lustre  to  its  repute. 


113 


JOHN  H.  CONVKRSE 
Died  May  3,  1910. 

President  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  1894-PXX),  1904-1908; 
Vice-President,  1909-1910. 


114 


JOHN  H.  CONVERSE 

John  H.  Converse  was  born  in  Burlington,  Vermont, 
December  2,  1840,  the  fourth  of  the  seven  children  of  the 
Rev.  John  Kendrick  and  Sarah  (Allen)  Converse. 

When  a youth  he  studied  telegraphy  and  was  one  of  the 
first  operators  in  ^"ermont  able  to  take  a message  from  the 
sound  alone. 

At  fourteen  years  of  age  he  had  his  first  employment  as 
telegraph  operator  at  b'.ssex  Junction,  on  what  is  now  the 
Central  \'ermont  Railroad.  Later,  in  1857,  he  entered  the 
Lhiiversity  of  ^'ermont  and  was  graduated  in  the  class  of 
1861. 

Entering  journalism  in  his  native  town,  he  became  con- 
nected with  the  leading  paper  and  through  the  writing  of 
editorials  and  also  the  work  of  printing  and  issuing  the  paper 
he  acquired  a wide  practical  experience  of  great  value. 

I'hrough  one  of  his  college  mates  he  came  to  the  notice 
of  Norman  V’illiams,  a noted  lawyer  of  Chicago,  whose 
brother.  Dr.  Edward  H.  Williams,  was  superintendent  of  the 
Cialena  Division  ot  the  Chicago  & Northwestern  Railroad, 
and  to  the  latter  Mr.  Converse  was  recommended  as  an 
efficient  clerk.  At  this  time  Dr.  Williams  attracted  the  atten- 
tion of  John  Edgar  Thomson,  then  President  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania Railroad,  who  tendered  him  the  position  of  General 
Superintendent  at  xVltoona,  which  was  accepted,  and  Mr. 
Converse  accompanied  him.  Later  Dr.  Williams  resigned 
from  the  Railroad  Company  and,  on  his  acquiring  an  interest 
in  the  Baldwin  Locomotive  'NVorks,  Mr.  Converse  accompanied 
him  to  Philadelphia  and  in  1873  became  a member  of  the 
firm,  being  in  charge  of  the  commercial  business  of  the  Works. 

In  business  conferences  or  in  meetings  of  the  many  busi- 
ness or  charitable  boards  with  which  he  was  connected  he 
would  sit  quietly  listening,  saying  little,  so  long  as  matters 
were  going  as  he  thought  they  should;  but  whenever  they 
became  tangled  he  would  by  a few  words  indicate  a solution 
so  logical  and  so  obviously  correct  that  there  would  then 
appear  to  be  no  other  course  open,  and  all  conflicting  interests 
would  disappear. 

Another  and  important  phase  of  his  character  was  his 
deep  interest  in  evangelistic  religion,  which  originated  during 
his  residence  in  Chicago,  when  Dwight  L.  Moody  conducted 
services  in  a passenger  car  in  the  yards  of  the  Northwestern 

115 


Road.  Throughout  his  entire  career  he  was  deeply  impressed 
by  the  sanctity  of  religious  faith  and  took  every  opportunity 
of  encouraging  and  supporting  in  generous  fashion  every 
movement  in  that  direction. 

Among  the  many  positions  of  trust  and  honor,  which 
he  filled  at  various  times,  were  the  following:  trustee  of  the 
Presbyterian  Hospital  and  Secretary  of  its  Board  of  Trustees; 
trustee  of  Princeton  Theological  Seminary  and  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Vermont;  director  of  the  Philadelphia  National 
Bank,  Franklin  National  Bank,  Philadelphia  Saving  Fund, 
Real  Estate  Trust  Co.,  Philadelphia  Trust,  Safe  Deposit  and 
Insurance  Co.,  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts; 
President  of  the  New  England  Society  of  Pennsylvania,  Pres- 
byterian Social  Union,  Board  of  Trustees  Bryn  IVIawr  Presby- 
terian Church,  Manufacturers’  Club  and  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association;  member  of  the  Board  of  City  Trusts  and  in  that 
capacity  a trustee  of  Girard  College;  member  of  the  Phila- 
delphia Board  of  Education;  member  of  the  American  Philo- 
sophical Society,  Presbyterian  Board  of  Publication  and 
Sabbath  School  Work,  Contemporary  Club,  LInion  J.eague, 
Universi-ty  Club,  Art  Club,  Engineers’  Club,  Pennsylvania 
Society  Sons  ot  the  Revolution,  \’ermont  Society  Sons  ol 
American  Revolution,  Order  of  Founders  and  Patriots,  and 
Treasurer  of  the  Christian  League.  He  was  governor  of  the 
Society  of  Colonial  Wars,  A'ermont,  to  membership  in  which 
he  was  entitled  because  of  his  being  a great-grandson  of  Cor- 
poral Enoch  Allen  (1744-1789). 

For  many  years  his  benefactions  were  boundless;  his 
office  was  daily  sought  by  college  presidents,  missionaries, 
charitable  workers  and  all  who  were  interested  in  philanthropic 
and  civic  movements,  seeking  his  advice  and  his  pecuniary 
aid. 

Mr.  Converse  was  a member  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association  for  twenty-eight  years,  was  president  for  eleven 
years,  1894  to  19(K)  and  1904  to  1909,  and  \fice-President  from 
his  declining  the  presidency  in  1909  until  his  death  on  May 
3,  1910,  and  during  all  this  time  he  took  a sincere  interest  in 
its  affairs,  besides  being  a liberal  contributor  to  the  various 
projects  for  adding  to  the  attractiveness  of  the  Park. 
The  Parkway  Association,  of  which  Mr.  Converse  was 
President,  issued  a quarto  pamphlet  with  illustrations  of  the 
proposed  improvements  in  connection  with  the  suggested 
Parkway,  demonstrating  some  of  the  leading  features  in 

116 


similar  enlargements  in  leading  cities  of  the  world.  The  in- 
troductory plea  by  Hon.  James  M.  Beck  was  a powerful 
argument  lor  the  adoption  of  the  plan  and  its  complete  presen- 
tation by  Albert  Kelsey,  the  Secretary  of  the  Parkway  Asso- 
ciation, produced  a marked  effect  on  public  opinion. 

It  is  believed  that  the  entire  expense  of  this  particular 
movement  was  defrayed  by  Mr.  Converse  personally.  All 
honor  to  the  few  survivors  and  to  the  memory  of  those  who 
have  passed  beyond,  whose  earnest  and  unselfish  endeavors 
for  the  betterment  of  our  City  are  now  about  to  be  realized. 
His  advice  in  the  financial  affairs  of  the  Association  was 
greatly  valued.  No  one  could  know  him  without  appreciating 
his  simple,  quiet,  but  strong  qualities  as  a man.  As  a citizen  he 
enjoyed  the  respect  of  the  entire  community  in  an  unusual 
degree  and,  while  declining  the  civic  positions  which  were 
offered  to  him,  he  was  never  found  wanting  in  courage,  in 
liberality,  in  patriotism,  in  all  the  affairs  which  minister  to 
its  honor  and  distinction. 


117 


CHARLES  E.  DANA 
Vice-President,  1SKX)-1914 


118 


CHARLES  EDMUND  DANA 

\^ice-President  of  the  Association 

Charles  E.  Dana  was  horn  January  18,  1843,  at  Wilkes- 
Barre,  Pennsylvania,  and  died  February  1,  1914,  in  Phila- 
delphia. 

Mr.  Dana  was  the  great-grandson  of  Judge  Peters  of 
Belmont,  Fairmount  Park,  where  both  Lafayette  and  Wash- 
ington were  frequent  visitors,  as  were  many  of  the  notable 
men  of  the  day. 

Professor  Dana  was  educated  at  schools  in  Philadelphia, 
the  Royal  Academy  in  Dresden  and  the  Royal  Academy  in 
Munich;  at  Union  University,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  for 
Civil  Engineering,  graduating  in  the  class  of  1865;  also  at 
the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts,  Philadelphia; 
and  at  the  Atelier  Luminais,  Paris,  for  painting.  He  was 
Professor  of  Art  in  the  School  of  Architecture,  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  for  ten  years;  also  a Trustee  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Museum  and  School  of  Industrial  Art,  where  he  gave  lessons 
in  painting  for  several  years. 

b'or  some  time  Professor  Dana  was  \"ice-President  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Institution  for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb,  Mount 
Airy;  President  of  4'he  Numismatic  and  Antiquarian  Society 
of  Philadelphia;  for  ten  years  President  of  the  Fellowship  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts  and  of  the  Phila- 
delphia Water  Color  Club;  President  and  ^dce-President  of 
the  Contemporary  Club  and  a Director  of  the  Library  Com- 
pany of  Philadelphia.  He  was  a member  of  the  Loyal  Legion, 
Aztec  Club,  Pennsylvania  Society  of  Sons  of  the  Revolution, 
Kittenhouse  Club,  Art  Club,  Philadelphia  Barge  Club,  and 
b'ranklin  Inn  Club,  and  a member  of  the  American  Philosoph- 
ical Society,  Mce-President  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association  and  Secretary  of  the  Shakespeare  Society. 

Mr.  Dana  married  ^Iiss  Emilie  Hollenback  Woodbury, 
daughter  of  Peter  Trask  Woodbury,  and  is  survived  by  his 
widow  and  a daughter.  Miss  Millicent  Woodbury  Dana. 

A feature  in  his  career  that  especially  commended  itself 
to  public-spirited  citizens  was  his  deep  interest  in  many 
activities  of  positive  civic  value;  it  is  rare  that  a man  of 
his  accomplishments  is  willing  to  give  so  much  time  and 
energy  to  public  service,  and  his  devotion  to  these  matters 
should  be  noted  with  full  appreciation. 

119 


JOHN  T.  MORRIS 
V'ice-Presideiit,  1909-1915 


120 


JOHN  THOMPSON  MORRIS 

Vice-President  ot  the  Association 

The  Morris  family  is  of  ancient  lineage  and  members 
have  been  distinguished  in  every  generation,  especially  in 
Philadelphia. 

Coming  from  England  in  1682  they  brought  their  stead- 
fast faith  in  the  Society  of  Friends,  continued  to  the  present 
day. 

Captain  Samuel  Morris  organized  the  First  Troop  Phila- 
delphia City  Cavalry,  which  played  a conspicuous  part  in  the 
Revolutionary  War,  as  also  in  all  subsequent  disturbances 
when  called  upon  to  act. 

John  T.  Morris  was  a graduate  of  Haverford  College 
and  later  became  a member  of  its  Board  of  Managers.  He 
succeeded  his  father  in  the  I.  P.  Morris  Engine  Building  Co. 
which  was  finally  disposed  of  to  the  Cramp  Shipbuilding  Co., 
the  properties  adjoining  and  the  Morris  section  being  required 
for  a necessary  expansion  of  the  Cramp  interests. 

Mr.  Morris  was  a manager  of  the  Philadelphia  Saving 
Fund;  Chairman  of  the  Philadelphia  Contributionship  for  the 
Insurance  of  Houses;  a member  of  the  Board  of  the  Franklin 
Institute  and  of  the  Pennsylvania  Museum  and  School  of 
Industrial  Art;  former  president  of  the  Deaf  and  Dumb 
Institution  at  Mount  Airy;  Councillor  of  the  Historical 
Society  of  Pennsylvania;  Overseer  of  the  Public  School 
founded  by  William  Penn,  now  styled  “The  Penn  Charter 
School”;  and  ^hce-President  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association,  in  which  he  was  deeply  interested,  giving  much 
time  and  thought  to  its  dev^elopment. 

His  estate  at  Chestnut  Hill,  created  by  him  in  a few 
years  out  of  a barren  rocky  hill,  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
parks  in  suburban  Philadelphia;  here  he  lived  in  summer 
with  his  sister.  Miss  Lydia  T.  Morris,  dispensing  boundless 
hospitality. 

He  had  a fine  presence  and  a winning  personality,  to  which 
should  be  added  a generous  disposition  aiding  in  every  good 
work  brought  to  his  attention. 


121 


LESLIE  W.  MILLER,  LL.D. 
Secretary,  1900-1920 


12. 


LESLIE  \V.  MILLER 

Trustee  and  Secretary  ol  the  Association 

Leslie  William  Miller  was  born  in  Brattleboro,  Vermont, 
August  5,  1848,  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
his  native  town  and  at  the  Massachusetts  Normal  Art  School 
at  Boston. 

At  first  engaged  as  teacher  and  also  as  portrait  painter, 
he  was  invited  to  Philadelphia  in  1880  to  become  the  Principal 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Museum  and  School  of  Industrial  Art, 
recently  organized  as  an  outcome  ot  the  Centennial  Exhibition 
of  1876.  It  then  had  a total  attendance  of  73  students; 
today  it  has  40  instructors  and  over  1300  students. 

In  June,  1920,  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Fine  Arts  was 
conferred  on  Mr.  Miller  by  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
and  that  of  Doctor  of  Laws  by  Temple  University,  the  for- 
mer especially  an  evidence  of  the  purpose  and  spirit  of  the 
L niversity  to  recognize  the  Fine  Arts  and  to  co-operate  with 
the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts,  the  new  Munici- 
pal .Museum  and  the  School  of  Industrial  .Art,  to  make  the 
approach  to  Fairmount  Park  an  .Art  centre  unrivalled  by  any 
other  in  this  country. 

Mr.  Miller  was  a member  of  the  .Art  Jury  of  Philadel- 
phia from  its  inception  and  Secretary  and  then  \’ice-Presi- 
dent  of  it;  he  was  Vice-President  of  the  .Art  Club  of  Phila- 
delphia; member  of  the  Boston  Art  Club  and  of  the  American 
Philosophical  Society. 

Mr.  Miller  is  a fluent  speaker  and  has  delighted  many 
audiences  with  his  graphic  descriptions  covering  a wide  range 
of  topics.  His  pen  has  been  freely  used  to  encourage  art  in 
his  adopted  city  and  his  advocacy  of  improved  municipal 
conditions,  especially  the  physical  regeneration  of  the  banks 
of  the  Schuylkill,  will  have  an  enduring  influence  upon  the 
community. 

His  work  published  by  the  Scribners  entitled  “Essentials 
of  Persp>ective,”  is  widely  recognized  as  an  authority  in 
architectural  circles. 

In  1874  Mr.  Miller  married  Sarah  Maria  Persons;  they 
have  two  sons,  Percy  and  Arthur,  both  of  whom  took  an 
active  interest  in  our  communal  life,  thus  sustaining  the  ex- 
ample so  well  put  forth  by  their  honored  father. 

123 


At  the  closing  stated  meeting  of  the  Trustees  held  April 
9,  1920,  the  following  was  adopted: 

“The  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association  has  learned  with  exceeding  regret  that  Mr.  Leslie 
\V.  Miller  has  indicated  his  purpose  to  leave  Philadelphia 
for  his  home  in  New  England  and  that  necessarily  he  will 
have  to  yield  his  interests  in  this  Association. 

“Imbued  with  the  love  of  art,  especially  as  identified  with 
civic  improvement,  he  became  a member  of  this  association 
in  1884  and  a trustee  in  1895.  As  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Works  of  Art,  he  showed  the  mature  judgment  so  essential 
to  the  conduct  of  the  affairs  of  the  most  important  committee 
in  the  organization.  Later,  after  earnest  solicitation  from  the 
board,  Mr.  Miller  accepted  thesecretaryship  of  the  Association, 
and  from  1900  to  the  present  time,  twenty  years,  he  has 
virtually  been  the  executive  manager,  conducting  its  various 
activities  with  a skill  and  ability  that  has  brought  the  Associa- 
tion to  the  prominent  position  it  now  holds.  Actuated  always 
by  the  highest  motives  of  altruism,  his  untiring  interest  in 
civic  betterment,  both  artistic  and  practical,  has  been  a potent 
factor  in  the  life  of  the  city,  and  it  is  the  purpose  of  the  Board 
to  declare  the  debt  of  gratitude  that  is  due  him  for  his  energy 
and  skill.  In  parting  with  Mr.  Leslie  W.  Miller,  not  only  is 
the  Association  losing  an  important  officer,  but  the  city  of 
Philadelphia  is  being  deprived  of  the  services  of  one  of  its 
most  distinguished  citizens,  creating  a void  most  difficult  to 
fill.  And  to  each  member  of  the  Board  it  will  be  a personal 
loss,  since  in  all  these  years  there  has  been  a unanimity  of 
regard  and  esteem  engendered  by  Mr.  Miller’s  rare  qualities 
of  mind  and  heart. 

“Of  his  many  activities  in  other  directions  it  is  for  others 
to  speak,  but  the  trustees  may  apply  the  comment  of  old, 
when  a great  leader  was  to  be  commended: 

“ ‘And  he  hath  put  in  his  heart  that  he  may  teach,  he  hath  filled  him 
with  wisdom  of  heart,  to  work  all  manner  of  work,  of  the  engraver  and  of 
the  cunning  workman  and  of  the  embroiderer,  in  blue  and  in  purple,  in 
scarlet  and  in  fine  linen,  and  of  the  w^eaver,  even  of  them  that  do  any 
work  and  of  those  that  devise  works  of  art.’” 


124 


Oak  Bluffs,  Mass.,  May  31,  1921. 


Charles  J.  Cohen,  Esq., 

President, 

Fairmount  Park  Art  Association, 

Philadelphia. 

My  dear  Mr.  President: — 

With  many  regrets  that  it  is  impossible  for  me  to  be  present  in  the 
body  to  participate  in  the  celebration  of  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the 
Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,  I send  my  felicitations  on  the  honorable 
results  already  achieved  and  the  promise  of  an  ever  extending  influence 
for  good  to  the  City  we  all  love  so  well,  that  will  be  so  fittingly  proclaimed 
by  our  eloquent  friend,  Mr.  Beck,  on  this  auspicious  occasion. 

The  list  of  Philadelphia’s  achievements,  and  of  the  men  whose  con- 
secrated efforts  have  added  such  lustre  to  her  name,  is  a long  and  honor- 
able one;  the  City  has  been  first  in  many  things,  but  in  nothing  more 
conspicuously  and  honorably  than  in  the  work  of  upholding  civic  beauty 
as  an  exponent  of  civic  dignity  and  duty,  in  which  the  Fairmount  Park 
.Art  Association  is  easily  first.  It  has  a right  to  be  proud  of  what  it  has 
accomplished,  and  it  does  well  to  celebrate  its  achievements,  and  to  honor 
the  memory  of  the  men,  and  women,  who  united  in  the  generous  purpose 
which  its  founding  represented,  and  in  the  support  which  has  been  ac- 
corded it  through  all  the  years  that  it  has  known. 

May  the  name  of  its  single-hearted  and  public-spirited  founder.  Col. 
Charles  H.  Howell,  be  held  in  increasing  honor  as  the  years  go  by,  and 
may  the  roll  of  generous  supporters  of  the  great  civic  principle  which  he 
was  foremost  in  advocating  be  lengthened  and  enlarged  forever. 

Yours  very  sincerely, 

(Signed)  LESLIE  W.  MILLER. 


125 


I 


ELLEN  PHILLIPS  SAMUEL 

Who  bequeathed  her  entire  residuary  estate  upward  of  S76S,000.00  to  the  Eair- 

mount  Park  Art  Association 


126 


J 


EI.LEN  PHILLIPS  SAMUEL 

Benefactor  of  the  Association 

Mrs.  Ellen  Phillips  Samuel,  the  youngest  daughter  of 
the  late  Jonas  Altamont  Phillips,  a distinguished  member  of 
the  Philadelphia  bar,  was  born  in  Philadelphia  March  8, 
1849.  Her  uncle,  the  Hon.  Henry  M.  Phillips,  is  well 
remembered  as  one  of  the  most  public-spirited  men 
of  his  generation.  He  was  a distinguished  member  of  the 
bar  of  Philadelphia,  a member  of  the  United  States  House 
of  Representatives  and  of  the  Board  of  City  Trusts,  of 
which  he  was  President.  He  was  President  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Music  and  President  of  the  Commissioners  of 
Eairmount  Park,  and  the  generous  benefactions,  which  bear 
his  name  in  the  various  scientific,  patriotic  and  philanthropic 
societies  of  Philadelphia,  give  eloquent  testimony  to  his  deep 
interest  in  everything  that  concerned  the  public  welfare  and 
the  earnestness  of  his  efforts  to  promote  the  higher  life  of 
the  community. 

Mrs.  Samuel  had  shown  a deep  interest  in  the  welfare  of 
the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  for  many  years  and  her 
aunt,  the  late  Miss  Emily  Phillips,  was  a liberal  subscriber 
in  1895  to  the  Perpetual  Fund  of  the  Park  Branch. 

Mrs.  Samuel’s  interest  in  the  work  of  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association  was  shared  by  her  husband,  a fellow 
member,  and  the  project  which  she  had  so  much  at  heart 
owes  much  to  his  sympathetic  and  cordial  co-operation. 

By  the  will  of  Mrs.  Samuel,  who  died  in  Philadelphia 
October  1,  1913,  the  Association  becomes  the  residuary  lega- 
tee of  her  estate  conservatively  estimated  at  seven  hundred  and 
sixty-five  thousand  dollars,  the  income  to  be  used  primarily  for 
the  erection  of  a series  of  statues  on  the  east  bank  of  the 
Schuylkill  river  below  the  Girard  Avenue  Bridge.  I’hrough 
the  generosity  of  her  husband,  J.  Bunford  Samuel,  Esq.,  the 
provision  of  the  will  has  been  anticipated  through  his  action  in 
giving  the  first  statue  now  placed  on  the  East  River  Drive 
above  the  Boat  Houses.  The  statue  is  a splendid  represen- 
tation in  bronze  of  the  first  settler  in  America,  Thorfinn 
Karlsefni,  the  Norseman;  the  design  was  the  work  of  Einar 
Jonsson,  a noted  Icelandic  sculptor,  who  accepted  Mr.  Samuel’s 
invitation  to  visit  America  and  was  his  guest  in  Phila- 
delphia while  modeling  and  completing  the  statue.  In  due 

127 


time  other  statues  “emblematic  of  the  history  of  America” 
will  follow,  and  upon  their  completion  the  income  arising 
from  this  munificent  fund  is  authorized  “to  be  spent  in 
buying  statuary  and  fountains  to  decorate  the  Park.” 

This  bequest,  it  may  be  stated,  is  one  of  the  two  largest 
that  have  ever  been  made  for  a similar  purpose  in  this  country 
and  the  Trustees  have  gratefully  accepted  the  responsibility 
of  carrying  out  the  wishes  of  the  testatrix. 


128 


Works  of  Art 


Contributed  by  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association 

to  Fairmount  Park 


1.  NIGHT Bronze  Statue 

BV  EDWARD  STAUCH 

2.  HUDSON  BAY  WOLVES Bronze  Group 

BY  EDWARD  KEMEVS 

3.  IL  PENSEROSO Marble  Statue 

BV  MOZIER 

4.  THE  AMBUSCADE Oil  Painting 

FIGURES  BY  BARON  WAl'I’ERS.  LANDSCAPE  BY  KOEKKOEK 

5.  CHALK  AND  HIS  ERIENDS Oil  Painting 

BY  NEWBOLD  H.  TROTTER 

6.  THE  DYING  LIONESS Bronze  Group 

BY  WILHELM  WOLFF 

7.  DIANA  BORGHESE Terra  Cotta  Statue 

8.  TAM  O’SHANTER...  .Group  of  Eour  Eigures  in  Red  Sandstone 

BY  THOM 

9.  DRINKING  FOUNTAIN Granite 

10-14.  FIVE  FOUNTAINS Bronzed  Iron 


Replicas  of  the  Fountains,  Rond  Point,  Champs  Klysees,  Paris 


15.  HORSE  TROUGH Italian  Marble 

16.  GR.AND  FOUNTAIN Bronzed  Iron 

17.  FOUNTAIN  OF  “ORESTES  AND  PYLADES”.  Bronze  Group 

BY  CARL  STEINHAEUSER 

18.  SILENUS  AND  THE  INFANT  B.ACCHUS Bronze 

19.  THE  WRESTLERS Bronze 

20.  E.ACE  AND  H.ANDS  OF  ABR.AHAM  LINCOLN Bronze 

21-22.  FLORENTINE  LIONS Bronze 

23.  EQUESTRIAN  ST.ATUE  OF  MAJOR-GENERAL  GEORGE 

GORDON  MEADE Bronze 


BY  ALEXANDER  MILNE  CALDER 

24.  STONE  AGE  IN  AMERICA 

BY  JOHN  J.  BOYLE 

129 


Bronze 


25. 


LIONESS  CARRYING  TO  HER  YOUNG  A WILD  BOAR  Bronze 


BY  AUGUST  CAIN 

/I  Commission  from  the  Association 

26.  EQUESTRLAN  ST.ATUE  OF  JEWNNE  D’ARC Bronze 

BY  FRF.MIET 

27.  EQUESTRIAN  GROUP,  “LION  FIGHTER” Bronze 

BY  ALBERT  WOLFF 

Original  plaster  cast  purchased  by  the  Association 

28.  HAMLET  .AND  OPHELIA Oil  Painting 

BY  GEORGE  W.  1‘ETTIT 


29.  BUST  OF  JAMES  A.  GARFIELD,  PRESI  DENT  OF  THE 

UNITED  SLATES,  AND  ALLEGORICAL  FIGURE  Bronze 

BY  AUGUSTUS  ST.  GAUDENS 

30.  EQUESTRLAN  ST.ATUE  OF  GENERAL  U.  S.  GRANT.  Bronze 


BY  DANIEL  CHESTER  FRENCH  AND  EDWARD  C.  POTTER 

Pedestal  designed  by  Frank  Miles  Day  and  Brother 

31.  BRONZE  SPANISH  CANNON,” MILTLADES” Date,  1743 

32.  BRONZE  SPANISH  CANNON,  “SEMIRAMIS”.. . . Date,  1737 

33.  BRONZE  SPANISH  MORTAR Date,  1731 


34.  EQUESTRLAN  ST.ATUE,  “THE  MEDICINE  M.AN ”.. Bronze 

BY  CYRUS  E.  DALLIN 

35.  MONUMENTAL  MEMORIAL  40  PENNSYLVANIA’S 

MILITARY  AND  N.AV.AL  OFFICERS  DISTIN- 
GUISHED FOR  G.ALL.ANTRY  IN  I’HE  CD  IL  WAR 
OF  THE  UNITED  STATES,  1861-1865 

4'he  statuary  in  bronze  comprises  the  following; 

.A.  Colossal  equestrian  statue  of  Major-General  Hancock,  by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward. 

B.  Colossal  equestrian  statue  of  Major-General  McClellan,  by  Edward  C.  Potter. 

C.  Colossal  figure  of  Major-General  Meade,  by  Daniel  Chester  French. 

D.  Colossal  figure  of  Major-General  Reynolds,  by  Charles  Grafly. 

E.  Colo.ssal  figure  of  Richard  Smith,  by  Herbert  .Adams. 

Eight  colossal  busts  as  follows: 

E.  Admiral  Porter,  by  Charles  Grafly. 

G.  Major-General  Hartranft,  by  .A.  Stirling  Calder. 

H.  Admiral  Dahlgren,  by  George  E.  Bissell. 

I.  James  H.  Windrim,  Esq.,  by  Samuel  Murray. 

J.  Major-General  S.  W.  Crawford,  by  Bessie  O.  Potter. 

K. .  Governor  Curtin,  by  M.  Ezekiel. 

L.  General  James  A.  Beaver,  by  Katherine  M.  Cohen. 

M.  John  B.  Gest,  Esq.,  by  Charles  Grafly. 

N.  Two  Eagles  and  Globes,  by  J.  Massey  Rhind. 

36.  SUN-DIAL  AND  MARBLE  PEDESTAL 

37.  JAPANESE  TEMPLE-G.ATE 

38.  EQUESTRLAN  ST.ATUE— “COW-BOY” 

BY  FREDERIC  REMINGTON 

130 


39.  FOL7CTAIX  FIGURE— “THE  DUCK  GIRL” 

BT  PAUL  MASSeaP 

40.  MEMORIAL  TABLET  TO  HERMANN  JOSEPH 

SCHWARZMANN 

Designer  ef  SlewnriMl  HmU 

41.  MARBLE  FIGLllE— “DANAID” 

BT  B.ACCH 

42.  MARBLE  FIGURE— “FEEDING  THE  DOVES” 

43.  MARBLE  FIGURE— “LOVE  TRIUMPHANT* 

BT  B.  H.  PABJt 

44.  BRONZE— “PENGUINS” 

BT  ALBEKT  LAE5SLE 

45.  BRONZE— “THORFIN'N  KARLSEFNI” 

BT  EIXAB  JOSiSOS 

Contributed  by  the  City  Branch 


1.  LION  AND  SERPENT Bronze 

BT  BABTE 

2.  DICKENS  AND  LITTLE  NELL Bronze 

BT  F.  EDWTX  ELWELL 

3.  STATUE  OF  MATTHI  AS  W.  BALDWIN Bronze 

BY  BEBBEBT  ADA3C5 

4.  MARBLE  PLAA'ER Raster 

BT  A.  TTIRUXC  CALOEB. 

5.  LARGE  MOLTCTED  PHOTOGR.APHS 


Ot  Grand  Founjain,  The  Medicine  Man,  Stone  .Age  in  .America,  Lioness  Carrying 
to  Her  Aoune  a Wiki  Boar,  Jeanne  d’.Arc,  Garfieki,  Lion  and  Serpent,  The  Dying 
lioness.  Grant,  Hudson  Bay  Wotves,  and  Meade,  have  been  presented  by  the  .Associa- 
tion through  the  Department  of  Sup^ntendence  antH  placed  in  several  Public  Schools 
of  PhiladeIpJua. 

6.  .MEMORI  AL  TABLET 

Erected  at  the  entrance  to  the  lot  on  Orianna  Street,  which  was  purchased  by  the 
Fainnount  Park  .Art  .Assoctatioa  with  hinds  subscribed  Bar  rhis  purpose  by  several 
patriotic  societies  and  public-spinted  cinzens  an»^  improved  as  a m«rn  of  protecting 
Carpenters’  Hall  in  1911. 

7.  PEDESTAL  AND  SETTING 

For  bronze  goat,  “Billy,”  by  .Albert  Laessle.  Pedestal  and  exedra  .-iewyivftl  by 
Milton  B.  Medary,  Jr. 


131 


WORKS  OF  ART 
Contributed  by  or  through 
THE  PARK  BRANCH 
OF  THE  ASSOCIATION 


HLDSON  BAY  WOLVES 


Bnnze  Grostp  iy  EdKord  Kemeys 

Cast  in  Philadelphia.  Purchased  hr  the  Association.  .Vccepted  by  the  Commissioners 
o<  Fainaount  Part,  September  2:<,  1S72.  Ejected  at  Lansdowne  Entrance,  West  Park. 


134 


IL  PENSEROSO Marble  Statue 

BV  MOZIER 

Purchased  by  the  Association.  .Accepted  by 
the  Commissioners  of  Eairmount  Park,  January 
10,  1874.  Placed  in  Horticultural  Hall,  in  the 
Park. 


“DIANA  BORGHESE”,  . . Terra  Cotta  Statue 
Presented  to  the  Association  December  29, 
1876,  by  Messrs.  H.  Doulton  & Co.,  London, 
E'ngland.  Placed  in  Horticultural  Hall,  Pair- 
mount  Park. 


135 


THE  DYING  LIONESS 
Bronze  Group 

BY  PROF.  WILHEl.M  WOLFF,  oF  BERLIN 

•Medal,  Vienna  Exposition,  1873.  Cast  in  Munich.  Purchased  by  the  Association 
.Accepted  by  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park,  December  9,  1876.  Placed  in  the  Con 
course  on  Girard  .Avenue,  in  front  of  the  Zoological  Gardens. 


136 


I AM  ()Sir\Nll'U  , (iiiili|i  111  I'liiii  I'lniiirit  III  Uni  .SiiliilKliMir 

ll\  I HUM 

I I iIIInIii  inl  liillir  Ami  II  ill  I HIM  Im  I lir  I i iiilri'N  o(  I'liiilklm  liiHllliilr  An  r|iln|  In  tin-  I'uniiliift 
mil  I'liik,  Ninriiiliii  ID,  ls77.  1'linnlnii  iIim  Uivn  Diivc  miiln  ii  iimlii  ulii'lln, 

ii|<|iiiNili'  I III'  liiiiil  III  iiiNrN, 


FOUNTAIN  OF  “OHKSI  ES  AND  PVI.ADKS” 
(Bronze  Group) 

BV  CARL  STEINHAEUSER,  OF  CARLSRUHE,  GERMANY 

Placed  near  Columbia  Avenue  entrance 
to  the  Fast  Park. 


GR.AND  FOUNTAIN 
Bronze  Iron,  erected  in  the  East  Park 
near  the  Dauphin  street  entrance,  1879. 


138 


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139 


“SILENUS  AND  THE  INFANT  BACCHUS” Bronze 

Supposed  to  be  the  work  of  Praxiteles.  Reproduced  in  bronze  by  Barbedienne,  Paris, 
France,  from  the  original  in  the  Louvre.  Purchased  by  the  .Association.  Erected  on  a pedestal 
of  granite,  on  the  east  side  of  the  Main  Drive,  half-way  between  Fairmount  .Avenue  entrance 
and  Brown  Street  entrance  to  the  old  Park,  in  November,  1885. 

140 


141 


THE  WRESTLERS— 

Reproduced  in  bronze  by  B.ybedienne,  Paris,  France,  from  the  original  Antique  in  the  Royal  Gallery  of  Florence, 
ivV*  - . Association  by  Mr.  A.  J.  Drexel.  Mounted  on  a pedestal  of  granite,  on  the  west  side  of  the 

Mam  Drive,  at  the  foot  of  Lemon  Hill,  near  Brown  Street  entrance  to  the  Old  Park,  in  November,  1885. 


142 


1 


MAJOR  GENERAL  GEORGE  GORDON  MEADE— 

BV  AI.EXANDER  MII.NE  CALDER 

A Commission  from  the  Association 

The  United  States  Government  donated  a number  of  captured  cannon,  and  the  Legis- 
lature of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  appropriated  the  sum  of  SiiOOO  toward  the  expense  of  the 
granite  pedestal;  special  subscriptions  largely  aided  by  the  Women’s  Auxiliary  Committee 
completed  the  fund  necessary  for  its  erection. 

Cast  by  the  Henry-Bonnard  Company.  Mounted  on  a pedestal  of  Pennsylvania  granite. 
Placed  north  of  Memorial  Hall.  .Accepted  by  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park,  October 
18,  1887,  and  unveiled  with  ceremonies  participated  in  by  representatives  of  the  mil  tary 
and  naval  forces  of  the  United  States,  the  Grand  .Army  of  the  Republic,  the  National 
Guard,  and  by  distinguished  citizens. 


1-13 


. STONE  AGE  IN  AMERICA 

Indian  Group,  Bronze 

BV  JOHM  J.  BOVLE 

A Commission  from  the  Association 

Mr.  Boyle’s  spirited  group  represents  an  Indian  mother  defending  her  children  from  an 
attack  of  wild  beasts.  A bear’s  cub,  which  she  has  killed  with  her  stone  hatchet,  lies  at  her 
feet,  and  with  her  baby  clasped  to  her  breast  she  awaits  the  attack  of  the  savage  mother. 
The  group  is  among  the  most  masterly  works  which  have  been  added  to  the  works  in  the 
Park,  and  Mr.  Boyle  is  undoubtedly  the  first  sculptor  who  has  adequately  presented  the 
Indian’s  case  in  American  art.  It  was  cast  by  Barbedienne,  of  Paris,  and  placed  in  West 
Park,  near  the  Children’s  Play  Ground,  in  1888. 


144 


UONESS  CARRYING  TO  HER  YOUNG  A WILD  BOAR Bronze 


BY  AUGUSTE  CAIN 

A Commission  from  the  Association 

RIaced  near  the  Iron  Spring  and  Lincoln  Monument,  foot  of  Lemon  Hill,  1888. 


145 


COLOSSAL  KQUESTRIAX  GROUP,  "LION  FIGHTER” 


Bronze 


By  PROF.  ALBERT  WOLFF,  OF  BERLIN 

Original  plaster  cast  purchased  by  the  Association 
Cast  in  bronze  by  Bureau  Brothers,  lOTS.  Placed  on  natural  jutting  rock,  East  River 
Drive  below  Girard  .Avenue  Bridge,  June,  1897. 


146 


i 

Mjf.ANNi  1 

1 

E 

r 1 

F“  1 

K_  I 

. 'I 

f"  y 

EQUESTRIAN  STATUE  OF  JEANNE  D’ARC Bronze 

BY  FREMIET. 

The  sculptor’s  more  mature  conception  oj  the  same  subject  that  he  erected  in  i8j^.  Place  des 
Pyramides,  Paris.  Purchased  by  the  Association. 

Mounted  on”granite  pedestal.  Placed  near  the  eastern  approach  to  Girard  Avenue 
Bridge.  Accepted  by  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park,  November  15,  1890. 


147 


HEROIC  BUST  OF  JAMES  A.  GARFIELD  AND  ALLEGORICAL  FIGURE— 

BY  AUGUSTUS  ST.  CAUDENS 

Stanford  H'hite,  Architect 
A Commission  from  the  Association 

Erected  by  special  subscription,  unveiled  with  imposing  military  and  naval  ceremonies, 
and  accepted  by  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park,  on  the  evening  of  .Memorial  Day, 
May  30,  1896;  followed  by  a sylvan  fete,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Women’s  Committee  on 
Entertainment.  Placed  on  the  East  Park  Drive  below  Girard  .Avenue  Bridge  and  near  the 
Rond  point  Fountains. 


148 


BRONZE  EQUESTRIAN  STATUE  OF  GENERAL  U.  S.  GRANT 
By  Daniel  Chester  French  and  Edward  C.  Potter 
Pedestal  by  Frank  Miles  Day  & Bro. 

149 


Bronze  Spanish  Cannon  “Miltiades.”  Date  1743 
The  above  piece,  from  fortifications  in  Cuba,  is  ornamented  with  carved  decorations, 
including  the  royal  arms  of  Spain  as  employed  by  Philip  V and  his  Queen,  F.lizabeth  Farnese. 

Presented  to  F'airmount  Park  by  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  in  1899.  Re- 
mounted on  appropriate  carriage  designed  by  Charles  K.  Dana  and  placed  on  the  terrace 
in  front  of  Memorial  Hall,  April,  1912. 


150 


BRONZE  SPANISH  MORTAR  FROM  FORTIFICATIONS  IN  CUBA.  DATE  1731. 

Ornamented  with  carved  decorations,  including  the  royal  arms  of  Spain  as  employed  by 
Philip  V and  his  Queen  Elizabeth  Farnese. 

Presented  to  Fairmount  Park  by  the  F'airmount  Park  Art  Association  in  1899,  and 
remounted  on  appropriate  carriage  designed  by  Charles  E.  Dana  and  placed  on  the  terrace 
in  front  of  Memorial  Hall,  April,  1912. 


151 


152 


J 


THE  SMITH  MEMORIAE 


153 


A DETAIL  OF  THE  MONUMENTAL  MEMORIAL 


154 


MAJOR-GENERAL  WINFIELD  SCOTT  HANCOCK 
Colossal  equestrian  statue  by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward.  Erected  under  bequest  of  Richard 
Smith  on  the  NIonumental  Memorial,  West  Park,  1912 

'Phis  and  the  following  ten  illustrations  show  individual  pieces  of  sculpture,  which 
are  placed  on  the  Monumental  Memorial. 


155 


EQUESTRIAN  STATUE  OF  MAJOR-GENERAL  McCLELLAN 
By  Edward  C.  Potter 

Erected  under  bequest  of  Richard  Smith  on  the  Monumental  Memorial,  West 

Park,  1912 


156 


RICHARD  SMITH 
By  Herbert  Adams 


157 


ADMIRAL  TORTER 
By  Charles  Grafly 


158 


ADMIRAL  DAHLGREN 
By  George  E.  Bissell 


159 


JAMES  H.  WINDRIM 
By  Samuel  Murray 


160 


MAJOR-GENERAL  S.  W.  CRAWFORD 
By  Bessie  O.  Potter 


161 


GOVERNOR  CURTIN 
By  M.  Ezekiel 


162 


GENERAL  JAMES  A.  BEAVER 
By  Katherine  M.  Cohen 


J63 


JOH\  B.  GEST 
By  Charles  Grafly 


164 


EAGLE 

By  J.  Massey  Rhind 


165 


THE  MEDICINE  MAN 
Bronze  Equestrian  Statue  by  Cyrus  E.  Dallin 
Erected  in  East  Park  at  the  head  of  Strawberry  Hill,  1903 


166 


( 


BRONZE  SUN-DIAL — by  Alexander  Stirling  Calder 

Presented  to  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  through  this  Association,  in  1905,  I>y  a meml)er 
of  the  Association  who  desires  to  remain  anonymous.  The  marble  pedestal  is  the  work  of 
•Alexander  Stirling  Calder. 

The  dial  is  of  bronze,  accurately  calculated  for  the  exact  spot  in  which  it  is  placed,  and 
shows  the  variations  for  each  month  of  the  year  and  the  time  at  12  o’clock  in  twelve  principal 
cities  of  the  world. 

The  design  includes  the  twelve  signs  of  the  zodiac,  and  four  supporting  female  figures, 
emblematic  of  the  four  seasons. 


167 


JAPANESE  TEMPLE-GATE 

(In  the  West  Park,  on  Lansdowne  Drive,  near  Belmont  Avenue.) 

Presented  to  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  through  this  .A.ssociation,  by  .Messrs.  John  H. 
Converse  and  Samuel  M.  Vauclain,  and  erected  in  the  ravine  between  Memorial  and  Horti- 
cultural Halls  in  the  West  Park,  near  the  Lotus-Pond,  in  December,  1905. 

This  extremely  interesting  specimen  of  the  best  Japanese  work  of  three  hundred  years 
ago,  formed  part  of  the  official  Japanese  exhibit  at  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  in 
St.  Louis  in  1904,  and  was  purchased,  with  its  contents,  by  Messrs.  Converse  and  Vauclain 
as  a gift  to  the  city.  The  contents  of  the  building,  as  exhibited  at  St.  Louis,  include  a superb 
pair  of  the  usual  Temple  guardians,  Brahma  and  Indra,  and  many  specimens  ofJapane.se 
art  in  wood,  metal  and  fabrics.  These  objects  have  been  deposited  with  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Museum  and  School  of  Industrial  .Art  to  be  exhibited  among  its  collections  at  Memorial 
Hall. 

The  Japanese  gardens  are  a contribution  from  John  H.  Converse  and  John  T.  Morris. 
The  work  was  accomplished  under  the  supervision  of  Mr.  Y.  Muto,  a capable  Japanese  land- 
scape gardener. 


168 


BRONZE  EQUESTRIAN  STATUE  OF  COWBOY 

BY  FREDERIC  REMINGTON 

A Commission  from  the  Association 

Placed  on  the  East  River  Drive  in  Fairmount  Park,  north  of  the  tunnel  near  Girard 
Avenue  Bridge  in  1908. 


169 


THIS  TABLET  IS  ERECTED  BY  THE 


I FAIRMOUNT  PARK  ART  ASSOCIATION'  j 
' IN  COMMEMORATION  OF  THE 
FAITHFUL  SERVICES  RENDERED  BY 
HERMANN  JOSEPH  SCHWARZMANN  ! 

CIVIL  ENGINEER  AND  ARCHITF.CT 
WHO  AS  PRINCIPAL  ASSISTANT  AND 
CONSULTING  ENGINEER  TO  THE  I 
COMMISSIONERS  OF  FAIRMOUNT  PARK  | 
FROM  1808  TO  1877  DESIGNED  MANY  ! 
OF  ITS  BUILDINGS  BRIDGES  ROADS 
AND  OTHER  IMPROVEMENTS 
OF  THESE  MEMORIAL  HALL  AND 
HORTICULTURAL  HALL  REMAIN  ^ 
TO  ATTEST  HIS  SKILL  AND  ABILITyIH 
1840  — 1891  a 

MF.MORIAI.  TABLET  TO  HERMANN 
JOSEPH  SCHWARZMANN 
To  commemorate  his  services  as  consulting 
enaineer,  1868-1877.  Erected  in  Memorial  Hall, 
1915. 


170 


Marbi.e  Statue,  Copy  of  the  “Danaid,” 

BY  RAUCH 

Bequest  of  Paul  Griffith 

Placed  in  Horticultural  Hall,  1918 


Marble  Statue,  “Feeding  the  Doves” 
Bequest  of  Paul  Griffith 
Placed  in  Horticultural  Hall,  1918 


171 


PENGUIN'S 
Bronze  by  Albert  Laessle 

Purchased  by  the  Association,  1918.  .Accepted  by  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount 
Park  and  erected  at  the  entrance  to  the  Bird  House,  facing  the  lake,  in  the  Zoological  Garden. 


172 


THORFINN  KARI.SEFNI 
Bronze  Statue  by  Einar  Jonsson 

A gift  to  the  Association  by  Mr.  J.  Bunford  Samuel,  erected  on  the  east  bank 
of  the  Schuylkill  River  north  of  the  Sedgley  Boat  House,  1920. 


173 


V 

■ 

X , . < r- 

* I 

. 

-5  • ' V y • 

' >■■  *• ' 

•'  . ' 

’.  • ,-  V- 

WORKS  OF  ART 


Contributed  by  or  through  th 


CITY  BRANCH 
OF  THE  ASSOCIATION 


I.IOX  AND  SERPENT— Browse 

BV  BARVE 

Purchased  by  the  Association 

Replica  of  one  in  the  Garden  of  the  Tuileries,  Paris,  by  permission  of  the  French  Govern- 
ment. 

Placed  in  Rittenhouse  Square,  1893. 


176 


“DICKENS  AND  LITTLE  NELL” Bronze 

BV  F.  EDWIN  ELWELL 

Purchased  by  the  Association 

'I'he  Little  Nell  won  the  Gold  Medal  of  the  Art  Club,  Philadelphia,  in  1891.  The  group 
was  awarded  a medal  at  the  Columbian  Exposition,  Chicago,  1893. 

Erected  in  Clarence  H.  Clark  Park,  West  Philadelphia,  1901. 


177 


BRONZt:  STATUE  OF  MATTHIAS  W.  BALDWIN 

BY  HERBERT  ADAMS 

This  memorial  to  the  founder  of  the  great  industry  which  bears  his  name,  formerly 
erected  in  a grass  plot  at  Broad  and  Spring  Garden  Streets,  was  presented  to  the  City  of 
Philadelphia,  through  this  Association,  by  the  firm  of  Burnham,  Williams  & Co.,  proprietors 
of  the  Baldwin  Locomotive  Works,  on  June  2,  1906. 

Removed  in  1921  and  placed  temporarily  on  the  City  Hall  Plaza. 


178 


CARPENTERS’  HALL 

In  which  the  Continental  Congress  met  in  1774.  The  building  of  which  a portion 
is  seen  on  the  left  was  acquired  by  the  P'airmount  Park  Art  Association  and 
removed,  to  avoid  the  hazard  from  fire,  1911. 


179 


rouRTH  3 r 


BUL UTT  BUtL DlN&r 


rORRLBT  BUILDING 


(ARpmm 

HAU 


BROm  BR05 
BUILDING 


no-nz 

South 


CUARANTEC  TRUDT 

AND 

3AEE  DEP05I7  COAIPANY 


ORIANNA  5T 


CIRARD 
NATIONAL  BANA 


A-IARINER  AND  MERCHANT 
BUILDiNO 


T M/fKD  3 T 

Map  Showing  Location  of  Carpenters’  Hall  and  Adjacent  Properties 
Note  the  location  of  property  110-112  South  Orianna  Street  which  has  been  acquired 
by  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  as  an  open  space  for  the  protection  ofCarpenters’  Hall. 


180 


THIS  GROUND 
PURGHASr.D  B'l  THE 
FAIRMOUNT  PARK 
ART  ASSOCIATION 
WITH  FUNDS  SUB- 
S'- PIBED  FOR  THIS 
PURPOSE  BY  SEVERAL 
PATRIOT  1C  SOCIETIES 
AND  PUBLIC  SPIRITED 
CITIZENS  WAS 
IMPROVED  AS 
A MEANS  OE  PROTECT- 
ING THF  BIRTHPLACE 
OF  AMERICAN  LIBERTY 
CARPENTERS'  HAIL 
A.  D.  1911 


Memorial  Tablet  erected  at  the 
entrance  to  the  lot  on  Orianna 
street,  1911, 


181 


FOUNTAIN  FIGURE— “THE  DUCK  GIRL." 

BY  PAUL  MANSHIP 

This  work  was  awarded  the  George  D.  Widener  Gold  Medal  for  most  meritorious  work 
in  Sculpture  at  the  Annual  Exhibition  of  the  Penns>dvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts  in 
1914.  Purchased  by  the  Association  and  transferred  to  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount 
Park  1916,  for  erection  in  “Cloverly,”  Germantown. 


182 


BILLY — Bronze  by  Albert  Laessle 

The  bronze  is  a gift  to  the  city  by  a member  of  this  Association.  The  Association  con- 
tributed the  pedestal  and  exedra.  Erected  in  Rittenhouse  Square,  1919. 


183 


RRIKl'  ACCOUNTS 

ot  the 

scurj’i’ORs 


lilOG  RAP  HIES 

by 

CHARI, ItS  J.  COHEN 


In  some  cases,  the  sculptors  have  contributed 
autobiographies 


1 


H KR BER  r A D AMS— «//>/or 


186 


f 

f 

k 


i 


HERBERT  ADAMS 


Herbert  Adams,  born  in  New  England  of  colonial  ancestry, 
received  his  early  education  in  Massachusetts,  hrst  in  the 
public  schools  of  Fitchburg,  then  at  the  Worcester  Institute 
of  Technology,  and  later  at  the  Massachusetts  Normal  Art 
School.  After  a brief  period  of  teaching  art  classes  at  the 
Maryland  Institute,  he  went  to  Paris,  where  he  studied  for 
five  years,  chiefly  under  Mercie  and  others  of  the  modern 
ITench  school  of  sculpture. 

On  returning  to  his  native  country,  he  took  charge  of 
the  motleling  classes  at  Pratt  Institute  and  at  the  same  time 
began  work  on  a series  of  commissions  for  the  Library  of 
Congress  in  Washington,  including  busts,  decorative  figures, 
reliefs  in  oak  and  in  Siena  marble,  and  the  rotunda  statue 
of  Joseph  Henry,  the  discoverer  of  important  truths  in  elec- 
tricity. The  statue  of  Richard  Smith,  for  the  Fairmount  Park 
Memorial,  soon  followed;  and,  while  the  Henry  was  modeled 
in  academic  robes,  the  Smith  was  shown  as  a printer,  in 
workman’s  garb.  The  Library  of  Congress  doors,  that  is,  one 
pair  of  the  two  originally  assigned  to  Olin  Warner,  had  been 
entrusted  to  Mr.  Adams  after  Mr.  Warner’s  death. 

Among  his  statues  and  monuments  are  the  William 
Ellery  Channing,  in  the  Boston  Public  Garden;  the  ^^’illiam 
Cullen  Bryant,  New  York  Public  Library;  and  that  of  Col. 
Loammi  Baldwin,  the  eighteenth  century  Colonel  of  Engineers, 
the  statue  of  General  Humphreys,  Fredericksburg,  and  that 
of  Jerome  Wheelock,  Grafton,  Massachusetts;  the  Jonathan 
Edwards  Memorial,  at  Northampton,  Massachusetts;  the 
General  Joseph  Hawley  IMemorial,  Hartford,  Connecticut; 
the  Michigan  Soldiers’  Memorial,  \dcksburg;  the  MacMillan 
Memorial  Fountain,  Washington;  heroic  statues  of  John 
Marshall  and  Rufus  Ranney,  also  figures  of  Stephen  Langton 
and  Simon  de  Montfort,  for  the  Cleveland  Courthouse. 

He  has  served  on  the  Municipal  Art  Commission  of  New 
York.  He  was  for  some  years  President  of  the  National  Sculp- 
ture Society,  and  ^’ice-President  of  the  National  Academy  of 
Design. 

Throughout  the  World  War,  Mr.  Adams’s  zeal  for  our 
national  art  was  unflagging.  He  has  received  many  medals 
from  expositions  and  art  societies,  among  them  the  Archi- 
tectural League’s  Gold  Medal  for  Sculpture. 

187 


ANTOINE  LOUIS  BARYE 
1796-I87S 


188 


ANTOINE  LOUIS  BARYE 


Born  in  Paris,  1796.  Learned  the  trade  of  his  father, 
who  was  a jeweler.  Then  studied  drawing,  engraving,  and 
painting. 

Adopted  sculpture  and  created  a new  school  of  that  art 
in  France.  Won  fame  largely  by  his  works  in  bronze.  Also 
executed  etchings,  lithographs,  and  works  in  water-color  and 
oil,  all  highly  esteemed  since  his  death.  Died  in  Paris,  1876. 
His  influence  on  modern  sculpture  has  been  akin  to  that  of 
Millet  and  his  confreres  on  painting.  As  in  the  case  of  Millet 
and  others  of  his  illustrious  contemporaries,  Barye  received 
his  first  substantial  encouragement  from  American  collectors. 
At  a time  when  his  works  found  but  negative  attention  at 
home,  they  enjoyed  high  esteem  in  the  United  States.  The 
keynote  of  his  fame  in  this  country  was  struck  when  Mr. 
William  T.  Walters  presented  to  the  city  of  Baltimore  the  noble 
bronzes  which  are  erected  in  Mount  Vernon  Square  in  that 
city,  and  when,  in  1889,  the  great  Barye  Memorial  Exhibi- 
tion was  held  at  the  American  Art  Galleries  in  New  York, 
the  extraordinary  variety  of  the  works  shown  in  this 
display,  their  diversity  of  subject,  and  original  power  of 
execution,  aroused  the  admiration  of  the  public  as  well  as  the 
enthusiasm  of  amateurs.  It  was  a collection  of  master- 
pieces, whose  majestic  merit  admitted  of  no  question  and 
which  fully  justified  the  dictum  of  M.  Leon  Bonnat,  the  dis- 
tinguished painter,  in  the  Gazette  des  Beaux  Arts:  “Barye  is 
one  of  the  greatest  artists  of  the  age,  I may  even  say  of  all 
ages.’’  His  genius  is  unique  and  without  a peer  and  his  art 
has  left  an  ineffaceable  stamp  upon  the  world. 


189 


GEORGE  E.  BISSELI  — 


190 


GKORGE  EDWIN  BISSELL 


George  Edwin  Bissell  was  born  in  New  Preston,  Con- 
necticut, February  16,  1839,  and  was  educated  at  North- 
ville  Academy  and  at  the  Gunnery,  Washington,  Connect- 
icut. He  entered  the  marble  business  with  his  father  and 
brother  at  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  in  1866,  subsequently  studied 
art  in  Paris  at  different  times  for  about  six  years,  between 
1886-96;  had  a studio  in  Florence,  Italy,  1903-5  and  1907-9. 
d'he  following  public  monuments  and  statues  are  to  his 
credit:  Soldiers’  and  Sailors’  monument,  and  statue  of  Col. 
Chatheld,  Waterbury,  Connecticut;  statue  of  Gen.  Horatio 
Gates  on  Saratoga  Battle  Monument;  Chancellor  John  Watts 
and  Col.  Abraham  de  Peyster,  New  York;  Abraham  Fincoln, 
Edinburgh,  Scotland;  relief.  Burns  and  Highland  Mary,  Ayr, 
Scotland;  Chancellor  James  Kent,  Congressional  Fibrary; 
President  Arthur,  New  York;  Fycurgus,  Appellate  Court, 
New  York;  group  “The  Navy,’’  Colonnade  Navy  Arch, 
New  York;  Statue  “Hospitality,’’  Buffalo  Exposition,  1901; 
bronze  statues  of  xAdmiral  Farragut  and  Gen.  Sherman;  groups 
“Science  and  Music,’’  St.  Fouis  Exposition,  1904;  statue  of 
Fincoln,  Clermont,  Iowa;  marble  bust  and  bronze  statuette 
in  Metropolitan  Museum,  New  York.  Member  National 
Sculpture  Society.  Mr.  Bissell  died  at  his  home.  Mount 
\’ernon.  New  York,  August  30,  1920. 


191 


192 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY 

OF 


JOHN  J.  BOYLE 

In  the  parish  of  St.  Stephen’s  Catholic  Church  I was 
christened  a few  days  after  my  birth  in  New  York  City,  about 
the  middle  of  January,  in  the  early  fifties. 

My  father  decided  to  come  to  Philadelphia,  where  two  of 
his  brothers  lived,  one  an  apprentice. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-one  I went  in  for  stone-carving.  In 
the  meanwhile  I spent  some  time  at  drawing  school,  endeav- 
oring to  model,  and  studying  with  Mr.  Eakins  and  Mr.  Bailey 
at  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts.  Having 
saved  enough  to  take  me  to  Paris,  I entered  the  Ecole  des 
Beaux  xA.rts,  spending  three  years  there.  I made  rapid 
progress,  receiving  a medal  before  the  end  of  the  second  year, 
and  at  all  times  great  encouragement  from  the  professors. 

At  the  Salon  of  1879  I exhibited  a bronze  bust,  and,  be- 
sides other  work,  executed  two  portraits  for  Baltimore.  In 
the  spring  of  1880  I received  a commission  for  the  group 
called,  “An  Indian  Family,”  and  spent  two  months  among 
the  Indians  who  were  to  be  represented. 

When  “An  Indian  F'amily”  was  exhibited  in  Philadel- 
phia, where  it  was  executed,  its  excellence  impressed  many, 
and  a feeling  prevailed  that  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Associa- 
tion should  have  a similar  group  executed  for  the  Association, 
and  to  that  end  they  gave  me  a commission.  This  group, 
“The  Stone  Age,”  was  begun  in  Paris  in  the  summer  of  1884, 
exhibited  in  plaster  at  the  Salon  of  1886,  receiving  a Mention 
Honorable. 

During  the  summer  of  1886  I visited  Switzerland  and 
spent  eight  months  in  Italy.  In  1891  I was  asked  to  go  to 
Chicago  and  in  the  spirit  in  which  it  was  proposed,  decided 
to  participate  in  the  great  work  there. 

During  the  years  1894  to  1895  1 finished  two  statues  for 
the  Congressional  Library  at  Washington,  those  of  Sir  Francis 
Bacon  and  Plato,  and,  as  every  artist  would  feel,  was  justly 
proud  of  the  honor  conferred  upon  me  by  the  government. 
During  this  time  three  heroic  busts,  one  for  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  one  for  Bryn  Mawr  College,  and  one  for  the  First 
Unitarian  Church,  were  executed,  as  were  also  two  portraits 
for  the  Hahnemann  Hospital  and  for  the  Penn  Charter  School. 

193 


AUGUSTE  CAIN 


194 


AUGUSTK  NICOr.AS  CAIN 


Auguste  Nicolas  Cain  closed  on  August  7,  1894,  in  his 
seventy-second  year,  a long  artistic  career  extending  over 
hlty  years,  every  one  of  which  saw  the  production  of  some 
animal  sculpture,  which  attracted  the  public  taste  and  lent 
itself  to  reproduction.  4'he  pupil  of  Rude  and  Guionnet, 
he  caught  from  the  former  the  gleams  of  dramatic  intensity 
he  often  threw  into  the  combats  of  the  forest  and  the  tragedies 
of  the  field,  and  he  gained  from  the  latter  his  predilection  for 
animal  models;  but  his  real  master  and  true  teacher  was 
Barye,  and,  while  Cain’s  clever  modeling  never  rose  to  Barye’s 
heroic  level,  his  animal  genre  was  accurate,  artistic  and  inter- 
esting. Born  in  Paris,  November  16,  1822,  one  of  the  few 
French  artists  to  see  the  light  in  the  capital,  he  was  twenty- 
four  when  he  modeled  his  “Warblers  Defending  Their  Nest 
Against  a Dormouse.”  He  succeeded  this  by  a comic,  “Frogs 
Selecting  a King,”  and  in  1851  he  won  his  first  medal  in  the 
third  class.  This  was  repeated  in  1863  and  1864;  at  the  Ex- 
position, in  1867,  he  had  another  third  class  medal,  a second 
class  in  1878,  and  he  was  made  chevalier  of  the  Legion  of 
Honor  in  1869,  and  fourteen  years  later  officer. 

As  his  work  became  better  known,  he  received  com- 
missions for  works  in  connection  with  the  improvements  in 
progress  under  the  F.mpire  about  the  Louvre  and  the  Tuileries. 
H is  “Falcon  and  Pheasant,”  1859,  bas-reliefs,  ornamented 
the  Louvre;  his  “Lioness,”  1868,  the  Tuileries,  and  his  “Eagle 
Defending  His  Prey”  had  previously  been  placed  in  the  Garden 
of  Plants,  being  an  enlargement  of  an  earlier  work.  From  this 
time  he  began  producing  works  on  a larger  scale.  In  1870,  a 
“Tiger  and  Crocodile;”  in  1876,  the  “Tiger’s  Family,”  both 
bronzes,  in  the  Garden  of  the  Tuileries,  opposite  the  Rue  de 
Castiglione;  in  1882,  a “Lion  and  Idoness;”  in  1884,  a 
“Rhinoceros  Attacked  by  a Tiger,”  and  in  1886,  a “Lioness 
h'eeding  Her  Young,”  in  plaster.  The  following  year  he 
modeled  a group  of  wild  dogs  for  the  Elysee.  He  exhibited  a 
“Lion  and  Crocodile”  in  plaster,  and  he  modeled  two  lions 
on  the  gate  of  the  Hotel  de  ^411e,  on  the  side  towards  the 
Place  Lobau.  Besides  his  work  bought  by  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association,  a “Tigress”  is  in  Central  Park,  New 
York;  and  copies  of  his  “Vulture  and  Bear,”  “Lion  and 
Crocodile,”  and  “Tiger  Attacking  a Rhinoceros,”  were  ex- 
hibited at  Chicago. 


195 


ALEXANDER  MILNE  CALDER 


196 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY 

OF 

ALEXANDER  MILNE  CALDER 

I was  born  in  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  in  1846.  My  first 
work  was  among  plants  and  fiowers,  and,  seeing  a portrait 
modeled  by  Brodie,  a Scottish  sculptor,  I went  to  work  in 
stone,  and,  in  1864,  removed  to  Edinburgh,  to  be  under  the 
late  John  Rhind,  R.  S.  A.,  and  became  a pupil  at  the  Academy’s 
Schools.  Alter  three  years  I went  to  London  and  Paris  and, 
returning  to  the  former  city,  was  engaged  on  the  Albert 
Memorial,  Hyde  Park,  for  a year.  In  1868  I came  to  Phila- 
delphia and  became  a pupil  at  the  Pennsylvania  Academy 
of  the  Fine  Arts.  While  modeling  for  a number  of  the  lead- 
ing architects  of  Philadelphia  and  New  York  during  the  next 
three  years,  I became  a citizen,  and,  with  the  exception  of 
a season  in  New  York,  have  resided  in  Philadelphia  ever 
since.  In  1872  was  engaged  by  the  late  John  McArthur,  archi- 
tect, to  design  and  model  groups  lor  the  new  City  Hall.  At  the 
Centennial  Exhibition,  in  1876,  I was  represented  by  several 
figures  and  a carved  panel  in  stone — birds  attacked  by  a 
snake — now  in  the  Drexel  Institute.  In  that  year,  also,  the 
new  schools  of  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts 
were  opened  and  I became  a regular  student,  devoting  all  my 
spare  time  there  lor  the  lollowing  seven  years.  In  1877  I 
removed  to  a studio  in  the  City  Hall,  making  many  designs, 
historical,  allegorical  and  emblematic,  including  statues, 
reliefs,  etc.,  for  it,  and  in  1881  entered  into  competition  for 
the  equestrian  statue  of  Cieneral  George  Gordon  Meade, 
gaining  the  prize  in  competition  with  seventeen  other  sketches. 

Since  1887  my  work  has  mainly  been  colossal,  including 
the  statue  of  William  Penn  and  groups  for  the  City  Hall 
tower,  but  I have  occasionally  made  and  exhibited  several 
portrait  busts  and  figures,  including  those  of  Samuel  C.  Per- 
kins, General  George  Gordon  Meade  and  Dr.  H.  Earnest 
Goodman  for  The  Union  League  and  the  portrait  memorials, 
also  in  bronze,  of  the  Hon.  George  Sharswood,  the  late  Chief 
Justice  of  Pennsylvania,  and  of  the  late  John  McArthur, 
architect,  and,  while  occupied  with  the  largest  piece,  also  had 
the  smallest  of  my  work  in  hand,  the  PYrdinand  I).  Hayden 
Memorial  Geological  P"und  Medal,  for  the  Academy  of 
Natural  Sciences. 


197 


A.  STIRLING  CALDER— 


198 


AI.KXANDKR  STIRLING  CALDER 


Alexander  Stirling  Calder,  son  ot  x‘\lexander  Milne  Calder, 
was  born  in  Philadelphia  in  1870,  receiving  his  early  education 
in  the  public  schools  and  his  earliest  art  training  at  the 
Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts.  His  first  commission, 
a statue  of  Dr.  Samuel  Gross,  was  won  in  1895,  whereupon  he 
returned  to  Paris  to  execute  it,  having  studied  there  a few 
years  previously  under  the  sculptors,  Chapu  and  Falguiere. 

Two  more  years  found  him  again  in  Philadelphia  where 
he  is  at  present  represented  by 

The  marble  Sun-Dial  in  Fairmount  Park 
Tribute  to  a Cellist  (Hennig),  Academy  of  Music 
Man-Cub,  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts 
The  Lea  Klemorial,  West  Laurel  Hill 
and  several  private  works. 

Across  the  Delaware  in  Camden  is  a remarkable  Celtic 
Cross  with  original  figure  decoration,  marking  the  grave  of 
(ien.  William  Joyce  Sewell  with  bronze  grave  markers  for 
those  of  the  family  dead.  I'he  model  of  this  cross,  when 
exhibited  at  the  100th  anniversary  exhibition  of  the  P.  A. 
F.  A.,  was  acclaimed  for  its  beauty  and  originality. 

In  1912,  Calder  was  appointed  Acting  Chief  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Sculpture  by  the  Panama-Pacific  International  Ex- 
hibition Company  and,  having  with  the  late  Karl  Bitter  and 
the  group  of  architects  perfected  plans,  he  removed  to  San 
Francisco  for  the  years  1913-1915.  His  contribution  to  the 
ensemble  included  the  Fountain  of  Energy,  the  composition 
of  the  groups  of  the  “Nations  of  the  East”  and  the  “Nations 
of  the  West,”  the  Star  Finial,  the  general  design  of  the  Column 
of  Progress,  and  many  other  details,  as  well  as  the  general 
supervision  of  the  enlargement  of  the  sculpture  for  the  build- 
ings and  grounds. 

Returning  to  New  York  in  1915  he  executed  the  marble 
group  representing  Washington  as  first  President  of  the  L^nited 
States  for  the  western  pier  of  the  Arch  in  Washington  Square, 
the  Depew  Memorial  Fountain  for  Indianapolis,  a composi- 
tion containing  nine  bronze  figures,  and  the  sculptural 
decorations  for  “The  Island,”  a unique  feature  on  the  estate 
of  James  Deering,  Esq.,  in  Miami,  Florida. 


199 


KATHKRINE  M.  COHE\ —Sculptress 


200 


KATHERINE  M.  COHEN 


Katherine  Myrtilla  Cohen  was  born  in  Philadelphia, 
March  18,  1859.  As  an  artist  she  ranked  high  and  her 
studios  in  her  native  city,  in  Paris  and  in  Florence,  Italy, 
were  meeting  places  tor  men  and  women  who  were  prominent 
in  art  circles. 

She  began  to  study  art  seriously  when  sixteen  years 
of  age,  although  when  much  younger  she  had  a taste  for 
drawing,  and  while  attending  Miss  Dickson’s  school  she 
was  taught  this  branch  by  Miss  Katherine  Drinker,  afterward 
Mrs.  I'homas  Janvier.  At  the  School  ol  Design  for  Women, 
the  first  regular  art  school  she  attended,  she  studied  under 
Miss  Croasdale,  Emily  \’on  Trump  and  Peter  Moran.  Thence 
to  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts,  under 
Thomas  Eakins,  and  to  the  School  of  Industrial  Art,  under 
John  J.  Boyle,  whom  she  considered  her  real  teacher  in 
sculpture.  Miss  Cohen  studied  the  various  kinds  of  art. 
Besides  modeling,  she  worked  considerably  in  water  colors,  in 
which  she  was  instructed  for  a season  bv  William  E Whitte- 
more,  a New  York  artist,  also  in  a life  class  at  the  Art  Teague 
in  New  York,  under  Augustus  Saint-Gaudens.  She  traveled 
abroad  in  1887  and  entered  the  Julien  studio  in  Paris,  having 
previouslv'  studied  in  Philadelphia  artistic  anatomy  under  Dr. 
W.  \y.  Keen. 

The  group  ol  Rabbi  Ben  Ezra,  which  Miss  Cohen  did  in 
1887,  was  exhibited  in  Philadelphia  and  New  York  academies. 
.Among  works  Miss  Cohen  exhibited  were:  “A  Moorland 
Princess”  and  “Mistress  Dorothy,”  owned  by  the  Hon.  H. 
Fitler;  Hon.  Mayer  Sulzberger,  owned  by  the  Jewish  Hospital; 
Cecilia  Beaux;  Henry  Souther  and  Captain  Snow;  bas-relief 
portraits  of  Carlton  T.  Chapman,  Colin  S.  Cohen,  Mrs.  Semple, 
Dr.  Y’alter  M.  James,  Miss  Strater  and  Mrs.  Mary  Burnham; 
decorative  modeling  in  bas-relief,  bronze  of  Eincoln,  “Dawn 
of  Thought,”  “\dsion  of  Rabbi  Ben  Ezra  Expounding  the 
Eaw,  ” the  seal  of  Gratz  College,  a portrait  of  Mrs.  Roher, 
a bust  of  Dr.  William  Thomson,  now  in  the  building  of  the 
College  of  Physicians,  and  that  of  General  Beaver,  a former 
Governor  of  Pennsylvania,  placed  on  the  monumental  Memo- 
rial in  West  Fairmount  Park. 

Miss  Cohen  died  in  Philadelphia,  December  14,  1914. 


201 


CYRUS  EDWIN  DALLIN 

Sculptor  of  the  “Medicine  Man." 


202 


CYRUS  KDWIN  DALLIN 


Cyrus  Edwin  Dallin  was  born  at  Springville,  Utah, 
November  22,  1861. 

In  the  Spring  of  1879  he  went  to  work  at  one  of  his  father’s 
mines.  One  day  the  miners  struck  a bed  of  soft  white  clay, 
in  which  he  fashioned  two  life-size  heads  that  attracted  such 
favorable  attention  at  a fair  at  Salt  Lake  City,  to  which  they 
were  sent  by  his  admiring  friends,  that,  through  the  liberality 
of  Mr.  joab  Lawrence,  means  were  soon  found  for  sending 
young  Dallin  to  Boston,  where  he  entered,  in  the  spring  of 
1880,  the  studio  of  Truman  H.  Bartlett. 

In  the  fall  of  1882  he  opened  a studio  in  Boston  and 
produced  “The  Indian  Hunter,’’  which  was  awarded  a gold 
medal  by  the  .American  .Art  .Association,  New  ATrk,  1888, 
“.An  Indian  Chief,’’  “.A  Cowboy,’’  “.A  (ireaser, ’’ and  his  first 
design  for  the  equestrian  statue  of  Paul  Revere. 

In  1888  he  went  to  Paris  where  he  worked  under  Chapu, 
and  sent  to  the  Salon  of  1890  his  life-size  Indian  equestrian 
statue  of  “d'he  Signal  of  Peace,’’  which  was  presented  to  the 
city  of  Chicago  by  Judge  Lambert  'Free.  It  stands  in  Lincoln 
Park,  where  it  was  unveiled  in  1894. 

Other  works  executed  by  Mr.  Dallin  are  the  statue  of 
John  Hancock,  for  Boston,  an  equestrian  statue  of  Lafayette, 
exhibited  in  Paris  in  1889,  and  equestrian  statues  of  (ieneral 
Sherman  and  (leneral  Reynolds. 

.After  his  return  to  .America,  he  spent  three  years  in  his 
native  State,  Utah,  where  he  modeled  the  angel  in  gilded 
bronze  which  surmounts  the  spire  of  the  Mormon  Temple. 

.After  teaching  a year  at  the  Drexel  Institute  in  Phila- 
delphia, during  which  period  he  also  modeled  the  statue  of 
Sir  Isaac  Newton  for  the  Congressional  Library  at  Washing- 
ton, Mr.  Dallin  spent  three  more  years  in  Paris  (1896-99),  where 
he  exhibited  his  “.Apollo  and  Hyacinthus’’  in  the  Salon  of  1897, 
his  bronze  equestrian“  DonQuixote’’  in  1898, and  the  “ Medicine 
Man,’’  in  1899. 

He  received  silver  medals  at  the  Paris  Exposition  of  1900, 
where  the  “Medicine  Man’’  was  accorded  an  important 
position,  and  at  the  Pan-.American  Exposition  at  Buffalo, 
1901.  In  addition  to  the  plaster  cast  of  the  “Medicine  Man,’’ 
he  was  represented  at  the  St.  Louis  World’s  Eair  by  a standing 
figure  of  Pere  Marquette  and  by  a heroic  Indian  group, 
“4'he  Protest  of  the  Sioux.’’ 


203 


204 


FRANK  KDVVIN  KLWELL 


Frank  Edwin  Elwell  was  horn  at  Concord,  Massachusetts, 
on  the  15th  day  of  June,  1858.  His  great  grandfather  was 
in  the  first  battle  at  Concord,  April  19,  1775,  and  his  great 
uncle  on  the  Bruce  side  was  at  Bunker  Hill. 

Mr.  Elwell’s  early  life  was  spent  in  the  town  of  his  birth, 
with  his  grandfather,  who  was  the  friend  of  Mr.  Emerson, 
Mr.  Channing,  Mr.  Alcott  and  Thoreau.  Eater,  Mr.  Elwell 
became  a friend  of  Miss  Eouisa  M.  Alcott,  and  remained  in 
close  friendship  with  her  until  her  death.  Miss  Alcott  took 
the  place  of  a mother,  as  his  own  died  when  he  was  about 
four  years  old. 

Eater  on  Mr.  Elwell  worked  under  Mr.  Daniel  C.  French, 
a neighbor,  and  then  decided  to  go  to  Paris.  Mr.  Eevi  P. 
Morton,  former  \hce-President  of  the  L^nited  States,  was  influ- 
ential in  assisting  him  to  enter  the  Ecole  des  Beaux  .Arts, 
where  he  became  \hce- President  of  his  class  and  a private 
pupil  of  the  renowned  Jean  Alexandre  Joseph  Falguiere. 

On  his  return  to  America  he  made  the  statue  of  the 
“Dying  Eion  ” for  Edam,  Holland,  the  “Fountain  of  Aphro- 
dite,” the  “Magdalene,”  and  the  bust  of  Mr.  Levi  P.  Morton 
for  the  Senate  Chamber  at  Washington.  The  group  of  Dick- 
ens and  Little  Nell  was  modeled  at  the  same  time  that  the 
statue  of  “Diana  and  the  Lion”  was  made.  Both  took  medals 
at  the  Chicago  Exhibition  in  1893,  where  the  group  of 
“Dickens  and  Little  Nell”  was  accorded  a place  of  honor  in 
the  American  section  of  the  scidpture  department  in  the  Kne 
.Arts  Building.  I'he  statue  of  “Diana  and  the  Eion”  was 
placed  in  the  rotunda  of  this  same  building  and  is  now  in  the 
gallery  of  Modern  Masters,  in  the  .Art  Institute  of  Chicago. 

While  in  Belgium  Mr.  Elwell  made  the  bronze  statue  of 
“.Aqua  ^’iva, ’’exhibited  at  the  Paris  Salon  and  Royal  .Academy, 
London,  and  now  the  property  of  the  Metropolitan  Museum 
of  .Art  in  New  A'ork. 

The  most  interesting  of  his  bas-reliefs  are  “Saint  \derge,” 
the  portrait  of  Edwin  Booth  on  his  tomb  at  Mount  .Auburn 
and  the  “ATung  Cleopatra,”  made  in  Paris. 

His  most  important  work  is  the  equestrian  statue  of 
General  Winfield  Scott  Hancock,  on  the  battlefield  of  Gettys- 
burg, Pennsylvania. 

Of  all  that  has  come  from  the  hand  of  this  artist  there  is 


205 


nothing  that  has  received  such  universal  expression  of  love  as 
the  statue  of  “Dickens  and  Little  Nell.’’ 

When  the  Little  Nell  was  in  clay  there  came  a period  when 
it  was  impossible  to  go  on,  the  right  kind  of  a face  had  not 
been  found  from  which  to  draw  inspiration  to  finish  the  work; 
day  after  day  went  by  and  there  seemed  to  be  little  advance 
made.  One  evening  Mr.  Elwell  was  invited  to  a concert  where 
the  music  was  delightful.  As  the  second  part  was  beginning, 
Mr.  Elwell  turned  and  before  him  saw  the  Little  Nell  of  his 
dreams;  gazing  long  at  the  charming  little  girl,  he  rose  and 
stated  to  her  father  that  he  was  making  a statue  of  “Dickens 
and  Little  Nell’’  and  that  his  daughter  was  the  very  ideal  he 
had  in  mind.  A few  moments  later  he  was  at  his  studio,  and 
worked  on  into  the  night,  until  he  had  reproduced  the  spirit  of 
the  face  he  saw  at  the  concert. 

M’hen  “Little  Nell’’  was  exhibited  at  the  Art  Club  of 
Philadelphia,  it  was  given  a gold  medal,  the  second  that  had 
been  awarded  by  the  Club. 

I.ater  Mr.  Elwell  went  to  Paris  to  continue  his  study  and 
take  up  his  favorite  line  of  work,  that  of  the  Egyptian  School 
of  Sculpture.  The  statue  of  the  “Awakening  of  Egypt,’’  that 
was  exhibited  at  the  Salon  du  Champs  Elysees  and  was  bought 
by  a French  gentleman  residing  in  Paris,  was  made  five  times 
over  before  there  could  be  reached  in  any  degree  the  grandeur 
and  subtlety  of  the  Egyptian  School.  His  “Priestess  of  Isis’’ 
was  sold  in  New  York  by  Theodore  H.  Starr  and  is  considered 
a remarkable  statue. 


206 


207 


SIR  MOSES  EZEKIEL 


Moses  Ezekiel  was  born  in  Richmond,  \drginia,  October 
28,  1844,  and  died  in  Rome,  Italy,  March  27,  1917. 

When  a boy  of  ten  he  began  cutting  out  little  figures 
for  shadow  pictures  and  at  fourteen  he  was  devoting  his  out- 
of-school  hours  to  drawing,  painting  and  writing  poetry. 

At  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War  he  entered  the 
\’irginia  Military  Institute  and  participated  in  the  Cadets’ 
defense  of  Newmarket.  He  was  graduated  from  the  Academy 
in  1866  and  studied  anatomy  in  the  Medical  College  of  \4r- 
ginia. 

In  1869  he  went  to  Berlin  and  studied  at  the  Royal 
Academy  of  Art  under  Professor  Albert  Wolff.  He  was 
admitted  into  the  Society  of  Artists  of  Berlin  on  the  merits 
of  his  colossal  bust  of  Washington  and  was  the  first  foreigner 
to  win  the  prize  of  Rome.  This  was  in  1873. 

These  were  lean  years  for  the  struggling  young  artist  and 
he  supplemented  his  income  by  acting  as  correspondent  in 
the  Franco-Prussian  War.  He  was  arrested  and  imprisoned 
for  a time  as  a French  spy.  When  liberated  he  returned  to 
Berlin  and  from  that  time  on  his  life  became  one  of  success. 
He  went  to  Italy  in  1874  and  lived  there  until  his  death. 

The  sculptor  occupied  a magnificent  studio  in  the  Baths 
of  Diocletian  and  his  palace,  which  was  stored  with  articles  of 
art,  was  one  of  the  show  places  of  the  Eternal  City.  One  of 
his  earliest  acquaintances  was  Cardinal  Hohenlohe,  of  Ger- 
many, and  through  him  he  met  Franz  Liszt,  the  composer,  of 
whom  he  became  a pupil.  He  made  a bronze  bust  of  Liszt 
for  the  Cardinal.  For  the  Grand  Duke  of  Saxe-Meiningen  he 
made  copies  of  his  busts  of  Liszt  and  Hohenlohe.  For  these 
he  received  two  royal  decorations  giving  him  the  standing  of 
a knight. 

His  first  important  work  was  “Religious  Liberty,”  a 
marble  group  shown  at  the  Centennial  Exposition  and  later 
placed  in  Fairmount  Park,  Philadelphia.  Another  monu- 
ment to  his  art  is  “\irginia  Mourning  Her  Dead,”  for  the 
\’irginia  Military  Institute,  Lexington. 

Among  the  many  examples  of  his  work  in  this  country 
are  the  bust  of  Washington  in  the  Cincinnati  Art  Museum,* 
“The  Sailor  Boy,”  “Grace  Darling,”  and  “Mercury,”  owned 
by  Mrs.  Hannah  E.  Workman,  of  Cincinnati;  the  statues  of 
Phidias,  Raphael,  Diirer,  Angelo,  Titian,  Murillo,  Da  \dnci, 

208 


Correggio,  \"an  Dvke,  Canova,  and  d'homas  Crawford,  the 
designer  of  the  Washington  Monument,  which  adorn  the 
Corcoran  Art  (lallery  in  \^'ashington,  D.  C.;  the  bronze  bust 
of  Robert  E.  Lee,  H.  C.  Ezekiel  of  Cincinnati,  bas-reliefs  of 
“Pan”  and  “Amor”  for  Mrs.  Charles  Eleischmann,  of  Cincin- 
nati; marble  torso  “Judith”  for  Mrs.  Bellamy  Storer;  marble 
bust  of  “Christ”  for  J.  N.  McKay,  of  Baltimore,  bronze 
bust  of  (ieneral  Hotchkins  in  the  Navy  Yard  at  Washington, 
marble  statue  “Lee  a Boy”  for  the  village  of  Y'estmoreland; 
a monument  to  Jesse  Seligman  at  the  Jewish  Orphan 
Asylum,  New  d'ork;  a colossal  statue  of  Columbus,  Columbus 
Memorial  Building,  Chicago;  heroic  bronze  monument  to 
d'homas  Jefferson  at  Louisville;  and  “ I'he  Outlook”  for  the 
Confederate  Cemetery  at  Johnson’s  Island,  Ohio.  He  also 
executed  the  Eountain  of  Neptune  for  the  City  of  Netturno, 
Italy,  and  the  bust  of  (jovernor  Curtin  for  the  Monumental 
Memorial  in  Eairmount  Park. 

Sir  xMoses  Ezekiel  was  decorated  by  a former  (lerinan 
Emperor  with  the  Cross  of  Merit  and  Art,  and  by  the  late 
King  Humbert  and  the  present  King  \dctor  Emmanuel. 

On  a visit  paid  by  the  sculptor  to  America  in  1910, 
he  was  present  at  the  unveiling  of  three  statues  he  had 
executed,  one  a bronze  of  Stonewall  Jackson  for  Charlestown, 
West  \drginia,  another  of  Jefferson  for  the  University  of 
\drginia,  and  another  to  the  memory  of  Confederate  prisoners 
who  died  on  Johnson’s  Island,  Ohio. 

His  most  important  work  in  Philadelphia  is  the  starue 
of  the  late  Anthony  J.  Drexel  in  h'airmount  Park,  the  gift  of 
John  H.  Harjes,  of  Paris. 

In  the  year  1911  Ezekiel  spent  several  weeks  in  Phila- 
delphia as  the  guest  of  friends  and  attended  a reception  given 
by  the  Musical  Art  Club  in  his  honor. 

d"he  last  visit  of  the  sculptor  to  Philadelphia  was  in  1913, 
when  he  came  to  this  country  to  attend  the  unveiling  of  his 
monument  to  the  Confederate  dead  in  Arlington  Cemetery,  at 
which  President  Wilson  made  the  chief  address. 

A noted  Roman  citizen  wrote  “The  death  today  of  Moses 
Ezekiel,  the  distinguished  and  greatly  beloved  /\merican 
sculptor,  who  had  lived  in  Rome  for  more  than  forty  years, 
caused  universal  regret  here.  His  death  occurred  in  his  unique 
apartment,  artistically  arranged  by  him  in  the  Tower  of 
Belisarius  on  the  ancient  walls  of  Rome.” 

His  last  work,  a statue  of  Poe,  was  erected  in  Baltimore. 

209 


EMMANUEL  EREMIET 


210 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY 

OF 

EMMANUKI.  FRlhllKT 

Tra)islated  by  Chevalier  Louis  Fossion,  French  Cofisiil 

at  Philadelphia 

I was  horn  at  Paris,  the  15th  of  December,  1824.  4'he 
beginning  of  my  life  was  spent  in  great  poverty;  but,  as  metal 
is  tried  by  hre,  so  do  the  artists  find  generally  their  talent,  if 
possessing  any,  tested  by  the  intensity  of  the  hardships  and 
difficulties  they  have  to  encounter;  and  for  such  severe  testing 
as  1 have  experienced  I am  to-day  most  grateful. 

I was  a nephew  of  the  celebrated  sculptor.  Rude,  the 
author  of  the  bas-reliefs  of  the  Arc  de  Triomphe  at  Paris, 
in  whose  atelier  I studied  for  several  years. 

My  first  appearance  at  the  Salon  de  Paris  dates  from 
1843  and  since  I have  exhibited  yearly,  almost  without  inter- 
ruption. My  principal  works  have  been  the  following:  Salon 
of  1843,  “A  Gazelle, ” study  in  plaster;  1847,  “A  Dromedary;” 
in  1850,  ‘‘A  ^^ounded  Hunting  Dog,”  in  1853,  “The  Horse  of 
Montfaucon,”  which  was  bought  by  the  French  Government; 
at  the  Universal  Exposition  of  1855,  five  statuettes:  “Cara- 
binier, ” “Gunner  on  Horseback,”  ‘ \'oltigeur,  ” “Gendarme 
on  Horseback,”  and  “Brigadier  des  Guides” — forming  part 
of  a collection  ordered  by  Napoleon  III  and  completed  in 
1859  by  ‘ Cent-Garde, ” — “Gunner  of  the  (luard,”  “Zouave 
of  the  Guard,”  “Miner,”  and  “A  Trooper’s  Horse;”  at  the 
Ihi  versal  Exposition  of  1867,  “A  Roman  Cavalier,”  “Napo- 
leon I,”  bronze  equestrian  statue  for  the  castle  of  Pierrefonds; 
“Joan  of  Arc,”  a plaster  statue  different  from  the  equestrian 
one  of  the  same  heroine  erected  in  1874  on  the  Place  des  Pyra- 
mides  at  Paris;  then  later  on,  “St.  Gregory  of  Tours,”  marble 
statue  for  the  Pantheon;  “The  Great  Conde,”  equestrian 
statue  in  bronze;  “Stephen,  the  Great,”  for  the  city  of  Jassy, 
Roumania;  in  1882,  “Porte-Ealot  on  Horseback,”  for  the 
Hotel  de  \dlle,  of  Paris;  in  1883,  “Charles  for  the  National 
Eibrary  of  France;  in  1885,  “Race  Horses,”  bronze  groups; 
in  1888,  an  “Equestrian  Statue  of  St.  Eouis,”  and  “E’lncroy- 
able,”  a bronze  statuette;  and  a “Statue  of  \’elasquez;”  “Don- 
keys of  Cairo;”  bronze  “Statue  of  St.  George,”  and  others. 

When  Barye,  thegreatsculptor,died,  I had  the  honor  to  suc- 
ceed him  as  professor  of  design  at  the  Aluseum  of  Natural  History. 

211 


DANIEL  CHESTER  ERENCH 


Daniel  Chester  French  was  horn  in  Exeter,  New  Hamp- 
shire, in  1850,  and,  in  1867,  settled  in  Concord,  where  the 
family  homestead  still  remains. 

Nir.  French’s  paternal  grandfather,  Daniel  French,  was 
Attorney  General  of  New  Hampshire  and  his  maternal  grand- 
father, William  M.  Richardson,  Chief  Justice  of  the  same 
State.  His  grandmother,  Sarah  Flagg  French,  was  a con- 
nection of  Daniel  Webster,  while  his  great-grandmother, 
D(  >rothy  Whittier,  was  related  to  the  poet  Whittier. 

After  a year  of  study  in  the  Institute  of  Technology  in 
Boston  and  a period  of  work  on  his  father’s  farm,  Mr.  PTench 
found  his  true  vocation.  M'hen  eighteen  years  of  age,  coming 
from  his  room  one  day  with  a grotesque  figure  of  a frog  in 
clothes,  carved  from  a turnip,  his  step-mother  exclaimed, 
“Daniel,  there  is  your  career!’’  And  from  his  thoughtful 
father  came  appreciative  encouragement. 

^ oung  P'rench’s  career  then  chosen  was  entered  upon  with 
a quiet  hut  steady  enthusiasm.  From  May  Alcott  (the  Amy 
of  “Little  ^^’omen’’),  then  a teacher  of  drawing  in  Boston,  he 
borrowed  modeling  tools  and  made  some  excellent  groups  of 
dogs,  birds,  and  other  animals. 

As  at  that  time  there  were  no  schools  of  art  in  Boston, 
young  French  attended  Dr.  Rimmer’s  Artistic  Anatomy 
Classes  for  some  time,  and  when,  sidisequently,  he  visited 
relatives  in  Brooklyn,  he  had  the  privilege  of  working  for  a 
month  in  the  studio  of  J.  Q.  A.  \\'ard,  the  distinguished 
sculptor. 

On  April  19,  1875,  his  first  important  work,  “The  Minute 
Man,’’  was  unveiled  at  Concord,  on  which  historic  occasion 
Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  James  Russell  Lowell,  and  George 
William  Curtis  delivered  addresses,  and  the  artist’s  reputation 
became  a national  one.  After  a year  of  study  at  Elorence, 
Italy,  with  his  friend,  Preston  Powers,  under  the  instruction 
of  the  American  sculptor,  Thomas  Ball  (who  made  the  impos- 
ing statue  of  Washington  for  the  Boston  Public  Garden),  he 
made  the  beautiful  ideal  figure  of  the  “Sleeping  Endymion,’’ 
completed  in  1876,  which  long  adorned  his  Concord  studio. 

Upon  his  return  to  this  country,  through  the  influence  of 
his  father,  Henry  Hagg  P'rench,  then  Assistant  Secretary  of 
the  United  States  Treasury,  he  received  commissions  from  the 
Supervising  Architect’s  Office  and  for  some  years  was  largely 


213 


occupied  upon  colossal  ideal  figures  for  government  buildings 
in  St.  Louis,  Philadelphia,  and  Boston 

The  relief  of  “Death  and  the  Sculptor’’ — a monument  to 
his  brother  scidptor,  Martin  Milmore — stands  in  Forest  Hills 
Cemetery,  Boston,  completed  in  1882,  and  has  been  likened  to 
the  famous  Parthenon  sculptures  for  beauty  of  ideal  and  exe- 
cution. 

d'he  bronze  group  of  “Dr.  Gallaudet’’  was  erected  in 
1889,  at  the  Columbian  Institution  for  Deaf  Mutes,  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.  In  this  group  the  instructor.  Dr.  Gallaudet, 
is  seated  in  an  arm-chair,  with  Alice  Cogswell,  his  first  pupil, 
standing  closely  by  his  side,  his  left  arm  about  her.  Her 
head  is  leaning  upon  his  shoulder,  and  her  face,  with  an  eager, 
questioning  glance,  is  regarding  his  own,  while  she  is  trying  to 
reproduce  with  one  of  her  hands  the  signs  made  by  the  right 
hand  of  her  teacher,  d'he  other  hand  of  the  beautiful  child 
clasps  an  open  book,  with  raised  letters.  Her  startled  look 
is  met  by  an  encouraging  smile  on  the  face  of  her  teacher, 
while  both  their  faces  indicate  that  she  has  caught  the  idea 
of  which  the  sign  is  a symbol;  the  successful  idealization  in 
this  work  has  probably  done  more  than  any  other  to  establish 
his  fame. 

In  1879  the  bust  of  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson  was  executed 
for  Harvard  Memorial  Hall,  a replica  of  which  is  in  the  Piddic 
Library  of  Concord,  as  also  a bust  of  A.  Bronson  Alcott  in 
the  latter  building,  d'he  relief  of  “ Death  and  the  Sculptor,’’ 
for  which  Mr.  French  received  a gold  metlal  from  the  Paris 
Salon,  though  cast  in  bronze,  was  made  in  New  ’^’ork,  and  is 
probably  the  only  work  of  art  executed  in  the  United  States 
upon  which  this  medal  has  been  bestowed. 

Mr.  French  created  the  monument  to  the  architect,  the 
late  Richard  M.  Hunt,  in  which  work  Mr.  Bruce  Price  was 
his  architectural  collaborator,  d'his  is  placed  in  the  wall  of 
Central  Park,  New  York,  on  Fifth  Avenue,  facing  F.ighty- 
hrst  street. 

His  recent  work,  completed  in  1897,  includes  the  statue  of 
“History’’  and  the  heroic  statue  of  “Herodotus’’  for  the  Con- 
gressional Library  at  Washington.  In  1898  was  finished  a 
full  length  statue  of  Rufus  Choate,  for  the  city  of  Boston; 
also  a commission  for  three  pairs  of  bronze  doors  for  the  new 
l^ublic  Library  of  Boston. 

In  August,  1896,  there  was  dedicated  in  Boston  a monu- 
ment from  Mr.  French’s  hand  to  John  Boyle  O’Reilly,  the 

214 


distinguished  poet,  journalist,  orator,  and  patriot.  This 
group,  like  the  Milmore  monument,  marks  an  era  in  American 
monumental  work,  bringing  to  the  front  an  inspiring  com- 
bination of  reality  and  symbolism  typical  of  those  commemo- 
rated. 

d'he  World’s  Fair  at  Chicago,  in  1893,  brought  to  Mr. 
hVench,  as  to  others,  the  heroic  opportunity,  and  his  response 
was  the  statue  of  Columbus,  and  that  ot  “The  Republic,’’  for 
the  Court  ot  Honor.  This  type  ot  modern  American  woman- 
hood, always  individually  and  uniquely  rendered  by  Mr.  French, 
was  tully  realized  in  this  majestic  statue  ot  “The  Republic,’’ 
which  stood  in  the  main  lagoon,  tacing  the  Peristyle. 

The  colossal  figure  ot  Major-Cieneral  (ieorge  (jordan 
Meade  in  bronze  is  one  ot  the  outstanding  attractions  on  the 
Monumental  Memorial  in  West  Fairmount  Park,  Philadelphia, 
completed  in  the  year  1912. 

Some  twenty  years  ago  a biographer  wrote  “The  artistic 
career  ot  Mr.  French,  which  is  allied  to  that  of  a noble  group 
ot  artists  in  the  Fast  and  in  the  West,  is  instructive,  and 
affords  grounds  tor  national  as  well  as  individual  encourage- 
ment. It  leads  to  the  hope  that  our  country  is  developing  a 
school  ot  art  and  artists  which,  while  not  too  independent  to 
learn  what  can  be  and  should  be  learned  from  other  nation- 
alities, will  still  be  originally  and  distinctively  American.’’ 


215 


216 


CHART. ES  GRAFLY 


Charles  Grafly,  sculptor,  was  horn  in  Philadelphia, 
December  3,  1862;  son  of  Charles  and  hdizabeth  (Simmons) 
Grafly;  pupil  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts  and 
Chapu  and  Dampt,  Paris;  married  Frances  Sekeles,  of 
Corinth,  Miss.,  June  7,  1895.  Honorable  mention  Salon  of 
1891;  Temple  Trust  Fund,  Philadelphia,  1892;  medal  Chicago 
Exposition,  1893;  silver  medal  Atlanta  Exposition,  1895; 
Converse  gold  medal,  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine 
Arts,  1899;  gold  medal  Paris  Exposition,  19()0,  Charleston 
Exposition,  1901,  Buffalo  Exposition,  1901;  member  of  Inter- 
national Jury  of  Awards,  St.  Louis  Exposition,  1904;  in- 
structor of  sculpture,  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts 
since  1892.  Represented  in  permanent  collections  of  Penn- 
sylvania .Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts,  Detroit  Art  Museum,  St. 
Louis  Museum,  Carnegie  Institute,  Pittsburgh,  Boston  Mu- 
seum. Member  Municipal  .Art  Jury,  Philadelphia;  N.  .A., 
1906;  member  National  Institute  of  .Arts  and  Letters,  National 
Sculpture  Society,  Architectural  League,  Philadelphia  .Art 
Club.  .Much  notable  work  in  busts,  life  size  and  colossal  figures 
and  portraits,  and  ideal  figures  and  groups,  largely  in  bronze, 
(leorge  D.  Widener  gold  medal,  1913.  .Member  of  the  Inter- 
national Jury  of  .Awards,  Panama  Exposition,  1915.  Instruc- 
tor in  the  School  of  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  .Arts  since  1917. 


217 


218 


KINAR  jONSSON 

Einar  Jonsson  was  horn  near  Reykjavik,  the  capital  town 
of  Iceland.  His  father  was  a peasant  and  Einar  when  a lad 
tended  his  father’s  flock,  as  in  Biblical  times. 

lEit  the  hoy’s  greatest  pleasure  was  to  carve  figures  out 
of  wood  and  bone,  showing  the  latent  genius  of  which  he  was 
possessed. 

As  the  lad  reached  maturity,  he  was  eager  to  study  art 
and  his  parents  were  finally  induced  (through  the  influence  of 
a visitor  who  realized  the  possibilities  of  such  a course)  to  send 
their  son  to  Copenhagen,  where  he  spent  two  years  in  the 
Royal  Academy,  thence  to  Rome,  where  he  acquired  a thorough 
knowledge  of  anatomy  and  other  branches  of  his  chosen 
profession. 

\\'ith  an  inclination  to  the  antique,  he  soon  commanded 
attention,  receiving  many  commissions  in  his  home  in  Iceland. 

When  the  W’orld  War  occurred,  Einar  Jonsson  was  en- 
gaged on  several  important  commissions  for  continental 
patrons,  all  of  which  were  necessarily  cancelled,  and  it  was  at 
this  moment  that  j.  Bunford  Samuel  learned  of  this  sculptor’s 
ability  and  familiarity  with  the  theme  desired  to  be  incorpo- 
rated in  the  first  of  the  statues  to  be  erected  in  accortlancc 
with  the  will  of  his  wife,  Ellen  Phillips  Samuel,  deceased. 
Mr.  Samuel  in  a most  generous  spirit  decided  to  present  this 
first  statue  at  his  own  expense,  although  the  bequest  of  his 
wife  would  not  be  operative  until  after  his  own  death. 
Einar  Jonsson  with  his  wife,  whom  he  had  recently  wedded, 
were  brought  from  Iceland  to  Philadelphia  as  Mr.  Samuel’s 
guests. 

Here  Jonsson  motieled  in  full  size  and  had  cast  in  bronze 
his  statue  of  Thorfinn  Karlsefni,  the  Scandinavian  explorer, 
who  had  visited  the  shores  of  America  as  early  as  1004, 
landing  apparently  in  the  vicinity  of  \ ineyard  Haven  on  the 
Massachusetts  coast,  a most  fitting  beginning  to  the  splendid 
scheme  to  follow  in  succeeding  years. 


219 


EDWARD  KEMEYS— ^f«/p/or 


I 


I 


220 


KDVVARD  KKMiaS 


Mr.  Kemeys  was  horn  in  Savannah,  (leorgia.  His  ances- 
tors had  resided  in  this  country  for  generations  and  were  of 
Welsh  descent.  He  was  educated  in  New  York,  served  in 
the  United  States  Army  through  the  Civil  Y’ar  and  was  a 
captain  of  artillery  at  its  close.  Later  he  was  attached  t(j 
the  engineer  corps  in  Central  Park,  New  York.  He  began  the 
study  of  modeling  in  1871.  Y’ithin  a year  his  group  of 
“Hudson  Bay  Wolves’’  was  discov^ered  by  the  Fairmount 
Park  Art  Association  and  cast  in  bronze.  In  1877  he  went 
abroad,  exhibiting  his  group,  “Buffalo  and  Wolves,’’  in  the 
Paris  Salon  1878  and  in  London.  His  “Still  Hunt,’’  in  bronze, 
was  placed  in  Central  Park  in  1883;  “Buffalo  Heads,’’  New 
^’ork  Produce  Exchange,  soon  after,  and  “Buffalo  Heads,’’ 
New  Omaha  Bridge,  1886.  Mr.  Kemeys  modeled  numerous 
animals  for  bridges  over  the  lagoons  of  the  Columbian  Ex- 
hibition of  1893  and  the  famous  colossal  lions  in  front  of  the 
Chicago  .Art  Institute,  1895;  also  Heads  of  Indians,  French 
(lovernors  and  Coureur  du  Bois  for  the  Marquette  Building, 
Chicago. 


221 


ALBERT  LAESSLE-<W/>/or 


I 


222 


ALBERT  LAESSLE 


Albert  I.aessle,  sculptor,  born  in  Philadelphia  March  28, 
1877,  son  of  Henry  Christian  and  Caroline  Louise  (Metzger) 
Laessle,  graduate  Spring  (harden  Institute,  Philadelphia,  1896, 
Drexel  Institute  1897,  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine 
Arts,  1901,  studied  with  Charles  Grafly,  Philadelphia,  and 
with  Michel  Bequine,  Paris,  1904-7;  married  Mary  Prudden 
Middleton,  of  Philadelphia,  June  7,  1905.  Awarded  Steward- 
son  prize  1902,  Cresson  traveling  scholarship,  1904-7  (both 
lAnnsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts);  bronze  medal 
Buenos  Aires,  1910;  gold  medal,  San  Francisco  Exposition, 
1915;  Fellowship  prize,  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine 
Arts,  1915;  first  prize  lor  sculpture  in  “Americanization 
through  Art”  Exhibition,  Philadelphia,  1916;  George  1). 
Widener  memorial  gold  medal,  Pennsylvania  Academy  of 
the  Fine  Arts,  1918.  Represented  in  permanent  collections, 
Pennsylvania  Academy  at  the  Fine  Arts,  Philadelphia  Art 
Club,  Metropolitan  Museum  (Xew  York);  Carnegie  Institute 
(Pittsburgh);  Peabody  Institute  (Baltimore);  the  bronze 
“Billy,”  Rittenhouse  Square,  Philadelphia,  1917.  Member 
National  Sculpture  Society,  I'he  Xew  Society  of  Artists  (X"ew 
'\'ork);  The  Philadelphia  .Art  .Alliance;  The  Painters  and 
Sculptors  of  .Animal  Life  (XTw  A’ork);  .Societe  des  .Amis  de  la 
Medaille  d’.Art,  Brussels,  Belgium. 


223 


3T 


PAUL  MANSHIP— 


I 

I 


i 

1 

i 


j 


22-4 


PAUL  MANSHIP 


Paul  Manship,  sculptor;  born,  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  De- 
cember 24,  1886;  studied,  St.  Paul  Institute  of  Fine  Arts, 
Pennsylvania  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts,  Philadelphia; 
awarded  prize  scholarship  of  American  Academy  in  Rome, 
1909-12;  medals,  Barnett  prize,  N.  A.  D.  1913;  awards, 
W’idener  Gold  medal,  P.  A.  F.  A.  1914;  Panama  Pacific 
Exhibition  (iold  Medal, San  Francisco  1915; societies.  National 
Academy  of  Design;  National  Inst  tute  of  Arts  and  Letters; 
National  Sculpture  Society;  Architectural  League  of  New 
'i’ork;  Century  Association.  Work  represented  in  following 
museums.  Metropolitan  Museum  of  New  York;  Corcoran 
Art  Gallery,  Washington;  Fairmount  Park  Art  Associa- 
tion, Philadelphia;  Art  Institute  of  Chicago;  City  Art 
Museum,  St.  Louis;  Minneapolis  Institute  of  Art;  Detroit 
Museum  of  Art;  Fogg  Museum  of  Harvard  College;  Smith 
College  Museum;  Cleveland  Art  Museum. 


225 


SAMUEL  MURIL^Y 


226 


SAMUEL  MURRAY 


Born  in  Philadelphia  June,  1870.  Studied  under  Thomas 
Eakins  at  the  Art  Students  League,  Philadelphia.  Mention 
World’s  Columbian  Exposition,  1893.  Silv^er  ^Iedal  St.  Louis 
Exposition.  Gold  Medal  Art  Club,  Philadelphia,  1894. 
Honorable  Mention,  1897.  Sculpture,  Pennsylv^ania  State 
Monument  Gettysburg;  Deshong  Memorial  Statue,  Chester; 
Father  Corby  Statue,  Xotre  Dame  Univ'ersity,  Xotre  Dame, 
Indiana;  Barry  Statue,  Independence  Square,  Philadelphia; 
Leidy  Statue,  City  Hall  Square,  Philadelphia;  Decoration  ol 
Witherspoon  Building,  Philadelphia,  with  ten  colossal  statues 
ol  Prophets. 


227 


1 


EDWARD  C.  POTTER 


Edward  C.  Potter  was  born  November  26,  1857,  at  New 
London,  Connecticut. 

At  the  age  of  seventeen  he  entered  Williston  Seminary, 
Easthampton,  Massachusetts,  remaining  there  four  years, 
when  he  entered  Amherst  College  in  the  class  of  1882. 

.After  his  college  life  he  began  drawing  at  the  Boston  Art 
Museum,  under  Frederick  Crowninshield  and  Otto  Grundman, 
besides  modeling  with  T.  H.  Bartlett.  In  1886  he  undertook 
sculpture  seriously,  studying  with  Daniel  Chester  French. 

A year  later  Mr.  Potter  went  to  Paris  and  studied  under 
Mercier  and  Fremiet.  During  his  stay  of  two  years  there,  he 
exhibited  at  the  Salon  small  groups  of  rabbits,  the  bust  of  a 
negro,  and  a sketch  from  an  Indian  group.  A sleeping  infant 
faun,  with  rabbit,  which  was  executed  at  Paris,  was  sold  to  the 
Art  Institute  of  Chicago,  where  it  now  is. 

In  collaboration  with  Mr.  French,  Mr.  Potter  made  the 
famous  groups  of  horses  and  bulls  for  the  Quadriga  at  the 
World’s  Fair,  Chicago,  1893.  Since  that  time  he  has  made 
two  lions,  hnials  for  the  gate-posts  at  the  entrance  to  Mr.  C. 
P.  Huntington’s  residence.  New  York  City;  also  a bust  of 
the  late  Vice-President  Wheeler,  for  the  Senate  Chamber, 
Washington;  the  statue  of  Robert  Fulton,  for  the  Congres- 
sional Library  at  Washington,  and  a portrait-statue  of  Austin 
Blair,  for  the  State  of  Michigan;  also  the  horse  for  the  statue 
of  George  Washington  for  the  city  of  Paris. 

In  1894  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association  decided  to 
give  a commission  for  an  equestrian  statue  of  (jeneral  Ulysses 
S.  Grant  and  it  was  awarded  to  Daniel  C.  French,  who  ex- 
pressed a desire  to  have  Mr.  Potter  model  the  horse  and  have 
his  name  appear  upon  the  plinth.  This  request  was  acceded  to 
by  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Association  and  the  justice  of 
this  request  has  been  fully  realized  by  the  result  attained. 


229 


il 


230 


FRKDKRIC  REMINGJ'ON 


Born  October,  1861,  in  Canton,  N.  Y.  He  attended 
school  in  New  England  and  studied  art  for  a year  in  the  Yale 
Art  School,  until  his  father.  Col.  S.  P.  Remington,  died.  He 
then  gave  up  his  studies  and  went  to  Montana  in  1880  and 
followed  varying  fortunes  in  the  various  parts  of  the  West 
until  he  burned  to  depict  its  picturesque  features  in  paint 
and  clay. 

He  began  as  a correspondent  for  Harper  s Weekly  in  the 
(leronimo  campaign  in  Arizona  and  gradually  worked  into 
magazine  illustration,  doing  President  Roosevelt’s  book  on 
“Cow-Bov  Idfe,”  which  ran  in  the  Century. 

He  was  the  first  man  to  do  horse-action  as  it  really  is, 
and  was  the  subject  of  great  controversy  at  the  time.  He 
was  one  of  the  first  men  to  do  “lost  wax’’  bronze  statuettes 
in  America.  “The  Broncho  Buster,’’  “The  Old  Dragoons,’’ 
“The  Scalp,’’  “The  Cheyenne,’’  “Cornin’  Thro’  the  Rye’’ 
(a  group  of  cow-boys  which  was  put  up  in  staff  at  St.  Louis  and 
Seattle),  “The  Rattlesnake,’’  “The  Montana  Man,’’  and 
others  were  his  work.  Some  of  these  are  in  the  Metropolitan 
Museum  at  New  'VYrk  and  the  Corcoran  (iallery  at  Y'ash- 
ington.  7’he  Fairmount  Park  “Cow-Boy’’  is  the  only  sculp- 
ture which  he  made  in  an  out-of-door  size,  and  represents 
a good  type  of  the  old  Texas  cow-boy,  who  came  up  over  the 
trails  with  cattle  in  the  early  eighties  on  a small  Spanish 
horse.  The  saddle,  hat  and  other  accoutrements  are  of  that 
day  and  must  not  be  confused  with  later  things.  These  were 
the  plainsmen  who  traveled  by  the  stars. 

As  an  author,  Mr.  Remington  produced  such  works 
as  “Pony  Travels,’’  “Crooked  Trails,’’  “Men  with  the  Bark 
On,’’  “Sun  Down  Leflare,’’  and  others,  and  as  a painter  I.e 
made  the  whole  field  of  the  wild,  free  life  of  the  plains  ami 
foot-hills  his  own. 

No  man  of  this  generation,  in  any  country  or  clime,  has 
asserted  with  more  authority  the  right  of  the  artist  to  express 
himself  and  the  emotions,  with  which  the  throbbing  life  of  his 
own  day  inspires  him,  than  Mr.  Remington.  None  has  owed 
less  to  the  traditions  of  the  schools  or  has  been  less  overawed 
by  academic  conventions  or  the  dictation  of  pretentious 
patronage.  He  has  delivered  his  own  personal  message  fear- 
lessly and  distinctly  and  has  struck  one  of  the  freshest  and 
most  vital  notes  that  has  yet  been  heard  in  American  art. 

231 


J.  MASSEY  RHIND— j-fw/p/or 


232 


J.  MASSKV  RHIND 

J.  Massey  Rhind,  second  son  of  John  Rhind,  R.S.A,,  a 
prominent  Scotch  sculptor,  was  born  in  Edinburgh  in  1858. 
Alter  several  years’  apprenticeship  with  his  father  he  went  to 
London  to  continue  his  studies.  He  attended  the  Kensington 
-Art  School  and  received  as  a prize  a four-year  scholarship  in 
the  Roval  Academv:  at  the  conclusion  of  his  studies  there  he 
received  a traveling  scholarship  of  some  three  years  to  study 
in  France  and  Italy.  He  came  to  America  in  1889.  Among 
his  principal  works  are  the  H.  H.  Houston  statue  on  the 
“ramble”  and  the  heroic  Indian  on  \\’issahickon  Drive,  Fair- 
mount  Park;  some  of  the  decorations  on  the  iVIonumental 
Memorial,  Fairmount  Park,  and  the  statue  of  Stephen  Ciirard, 
City  Hall — all  the  above  in  Philadelphia — the  fountain  at 
Georgian  Court,  George  Gould’s  residence  at  Lakewood, 
N.  J.;  the  decorations  (jn  the  Carnegie  Institute,  Pittsburgh; 
the  tympana  on  the  Agricidtural  Building,  Washington;  the 
allegorical  decorations  on  Gen.  (irant’s  Tomb,  New  York;  the 
equestrian  statue  of  (leorge  Washington  at  Newark,  N.  J.; 
the  decorations  on  the  Memphis  and  Indianapolis  Court- 
houses; the  figures  of  “Minerva”  and  “Apollo”  on  the 
Butler  Art  Institute,  Youngstown,  Ohio;  and  the  recently  com- 
pleted heroic  marble  statue  of  the  late  President  McKinley, 
for  the  McKinley  National  Birthplace  Memorial  at  Niles, 
Ohio,  for  which  he  also  executed  portrait  busts  of  members 
of  McKinley’s  cabinets. 

Mr.  Rhind  received  a gold  medal  at  the  St.  Louis  Fair 
ami  a silver  one  at  the  Buffalo  Exposition. 


233 


234 


AUGUSTUS  SAINT  GAUDENS 


Augustus  Saint  Gaudens  was  born  in  Dublin,  Ireland, 
March  1,  1848,  and  was  brought  to  the  city  of  New  York 
at  the  age  of  six  months.  His  father  was  a Frenchman  from 
the  south  of  France,  his  mother  being  a native  of  Dublin, 
Ireland.  Augustus  attended  public  school  in  New  York  until 
he  was  thirteen  years  of  age,  at  which  time,  evidencing  a taste 
for  artistic  work,  he  was  apprenticed  to  a stone  cameo  cut- 
ter, in  which  position  he  remained  until  his  nineteenth  year, 
in  the  meanwhile  studying  at  the  Cooper  Institute  and  at 
the  Academy  of  Design  during  the  evening  after  business 
hours.  In  1867,  visiting  Paris,  he  entered  at  the  Beaux  Arts, 
remaining  under  Joufbroy  until  the  Franco-Prussian  War, 
supporting  himself  in  the  meanwhile  by  the  cutting  of 
cameos.  In  1870,  visiting  Rome,  he  remained  there  for  three 
years,  modeling  “Hiawatha,”  subsequently  purchased  by 
Governor  Morgan. 

4'he  first  important  work  he  produced  was  the  Admiral 
h'arragut,  placed  in  Madison  Square,  New  York,  which  for 
originality  of  conception  and  boldness  of  design,  as  well 
as  artistic  merit,  takes  the  front  rank  among  the  artistic 
productions  of  the  world. 

Among  the  most  important  works  by  St.  Gaudens  are 
the  following:  Reredos  for  St.  Thomas’  Church,  New  York; 
tomb  for  Mrs.  l.e  Roy  King  in  Newport,  both  in  con- 
junction with  Mr.  La  Farge;  caryatides  and  portraits  for  the 
residence  of  Cornelius  \"anderbilt.  New  York,  and  reliefs 
for  the  same  building;  statue  of  Robert  Randall  for  the 
Sailors’  Snug  Harbor;  Abraham  Lincoln,  at  Chicago;  Angel 
with  tablet,  at  Newport,  for  Mr.  Smith;  Puritan,  at  Spring- 
held,  for  Chester  W.  Chapin;  monument  for  Mr.  Hamilton 
Fish,  at  Garrisons-on-the-Hudson;  monument  over  the  grave 
of  Mrs.  Henry  Adams,  In  Washington;  a number  of  medallions 
and  portrait  memorials  for  churches  and  libraries;  monument 
of  Peter  Cooper;  equestrian  monument  in  high  relief  to 
Colonel  Robert  Gould  Shaw  for  Boston;  equestrian  statue 
of  General  Logan  for  Chicago;  equestrian  statue  of  General 
Sherman  for  New  York;  and  monument  to  Phillips  Brooks  in 
Boston,  and  groups  for  the  entrance  to  the  Public  Library  of 
that  city. 

The  commission  for  the  Garheld  monument  was  given  to 
Mr.  St.  Gaudens  by  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Fairmount 

235 


Park  Art  Association,  and  after  mature  consideration  the 
design  adopted  was  that  of  a portrait  bust  in  bronze  with  an 
allegorical  figure  supported  by  marble  columns  on  a granite 
base.  In  conference  with  his  architect,  Mr.  Stanford  M'hite, 
a site  on  the  East  River  Drive  below  (Erard  Avenue  bridge, 
nearly  opposite  to  the  Rond  Point  fountains,  was  selected. 
'Phis  was  granted  by  the  Commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park 
and  has  been  embellished  with  landscape  gardening  by  the 
Commissioners,  which  has  added  greatly  to  the  value  of  the 
l(K'ation. 

Between  the  pilasters  of  granite  is  the  figure  of  a woman  in 
bronze,  of  heroic  size — typical  of  America— holding  in  her 
hand  the  sword  and  palm,  symbolical  of  Garfield’s  life,  and 
bearing  his  name  on  the  sh  eld  which  she  holds  in  front  of 
her.  Surmounting  four  square  granite  pilasters  is  the  l^ust  of 
Garfield  in  bronze,  of  heroic  size. 


JAM  ICS  I'HOM 

James  Thom  was  born  in  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  in  1799. 
In  his  youth  he  was  a stone  mason  but  having  taught  himself 
sculpture  he  produced  sandstone  statues  of  “Tam  O’Shanter’’ 
and  others  which  obtained  great  popularity.  He  came  to 
America  in  1836  and  died  at  New  York  in  1850. 


236 


MRS.  BF.SSIF.  POTTFR  VONNOH 
Sculptress 

I'ORIRAlr:  BV  ROBKRT  W.  VO.NNOH 


HKSSIK  IH)'rTKR  VONNOH 

Bessie  Potter  \\)nnoh,  sculptress,  was  horn  in  St.  Louis, 
August  17, 1872;  pupil  Art  Institute  of  Chicago;  married  Robert 
William  Vonnoh,  the  distinguished  portrait  painter,  Sep- 
tember 17,  1899.  Bronze  medal,  Paris  Exposition  1900;  gold 
medal,  St.  Louis  Exposition,  1904.  Represented  in  Metropol- 
itan Museum  of  Art,  .Art  Institute  (Chicago),  Corcoran  Art 
(iallery  (Washington),  Brooklyn  Museum;  xA.  N.  A.,  Bronze 
bust  Major  General  S.  . Crawford,  Monumental  Memorial, 
Eairmount  Park,  Philadelphia. 


237 


JOHN  Q.  A.  WARD— Sculptor 


238 


J.  Q,  A.  WARD 

The  following  extract  has  been  taken  by  permission  from 
“An  Appreciation,”  written  for  the  National  Sculpture 
Society  by  Adeline  Adams,  and  the  portrait  of  Mr.  Ward  is 
from  the  same  source,  courtesies  which  are  fully  appreciated. 

John  Quincy  Adams  Ward  was  born  in  1830,  in  Urbana, 
the  county-seat  of  Champaign  County,  Ohio.  His  forbears 
were  people  of  note  and  of  hardy  English  stock  In  1632 
John  Ward,  of  Norfolk,  England,  landed  at  Jamestown,  \"ir- 
ginia,  and  established  a plantation  and  subset]uently,  attracted 
by  the  favorable  conditions  of  the  Northwest  Territory,  he 
became  the  owner  of  large  tracts  of  land  in  what  is  now  the 
state  of  Ohio. 

.American  sculpture  in  Ward’s  early  days  was  unformed 
and  it  was  not  until  the  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876  in 
Philadelphia,  that  the  American  with  artistic  inclination 
realized  the  possibilities  of  its  development. 

Ward  was  fortunate  in  gaining  a position  in  the  studio  of 
Henry  Kirke  Brown  in  the  city  of  Brooklyn,  where  he  began 
as  a paying  pupil,  continued  as  a paid  assistant,  and  emerged 
as  a young  sculptor  well  fitted  to  win  his  own  way. 

In  1861  he  opened  a studio  in  New  York,  his  time  for 
several  years  being  given  to  portrait  busts,  ornamental  model- 
ing and  especially  his  “Indian  Hunter,”  a notable  work  that 
brought  him  immediate  recognition.  In  1863  he  became  a 
member  of  the  National  Academy  of  Design  and  his  fame 
grew  apace.  As  President  of  the  Sculpture  Society  he  was 
associated  with  Saint-Ciaudens  and  \\’arner  in  giving  advice 
as  to  the  sculptural  decorations  for  the  Congressional  Eibrary 
in  Washington.  The  work  is  of  a very  high  order  and  its 
completion  gave  a new  and  marvelous  impetus  both  to  our 
iiainting  and  to  our  sculpture.  To-day  the  achievement  of 
\\  ard  speaks  for  itself;  his  life  work  has  shown  that  he  was  of 
those  who  “follow  the  arts  from  nobleness  of  mind.” 


239 


AIJU^RT  WILLIAM  WOLFF 


Albert  William  \\'olff  represented  in  (lerman  sculpture 
the  ebb  of  classical  impulse,  which  Christian  Rauch  received 
from  Canova  and  Thorwaldsen  and  imparted  to  all  the  prod- 
ucts of  the  (lerman  school  in  the  first  hall  ot  the  present 
century.  Born  November  11,  1814,  at  Neustrelitz,  Mecklen- 
burg, three  years  after  his  greater  master  had  ended  his  long 
struggle  for  recognition  and  assured  his  position  by  his  recum- 
bent statue  of  Queen  Louise,  he  was  more  fortunate  in  his 
early  career  and  was  only  seventeen  when  he  entered  Rauch’s 
studio.  In  1844  he  went  to  Carrara  to  superintend  the  pro- 
duction in  marble  of  his  own  works  and  those  of  his  master, 
designing  at  this  time  the  marble  figures  on  the  Orangery  at 
Potsdam,  whose  production  he  shared  with  F..  Mayer.  On 
his  return  he  was  elected,  in  1849,  a member  of  the  Berlin 
Academy  and  in  1866  he  reached  the  additional  honor  of  a 
professorship,  which  he  held  until  his  death,  June  20,  1892. 
His  last  work,  “Dionysos  and  Eros,’’  being  modeled  four  years 
before  his  death. 

Long-lived,  like  most  German  artists,  his  productive 
period  extended  over  nearly  half  a century  and  it  spanned  the 
appearance  of  the  modern  school  of  sculpture,  destined  to 
make  this  century  memorable.  His  work  ran  in  these  chan- 
nels: multifarious  portraits,  for  the  most  part  of  royalty, 
classical  subjects  in  the  style  originated  by  Canova  and  Thor- 
waldsen, and  animal  groups.  To  the  public  eye  his  most 
conspicuous  work  was  the  “Lion  Tamer,’’  which  stands  on 
the  left  of  the  great  staircase  of  the  Old  Museum  in  Berlin, 
having  on  the  opposite  side  Kiss’  statue  of  an  amazon  on 
horseback  attacked  by  a leopard.  A replica  of  Wolff’s  work 
has  been  cast  in  bronze,  in  Philadelphia,  from  the  original 
plaster  cast,  which  was  purchased  in  Berlin  by  the  Eairmount 
Park  Art  Association. 


241 


THE 

FAIRMOUNT 

PARKWAY 


An  outline  of  the 

HISTORY  OF  THE  FAIRMOUNT 
PARKWAY 

by 

Andrew  Wright  Crawford,  George  S.  Webster 
and  the  late  \\’illiani  Perrine 


HK  proposal  for  an  adequate  route  from 
the  heart  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia  to 
Fairmount  Park  was  almost,  if  not  actually, 
contemporaneous  with  the  acquisition  of 
the  park.  In  1871,  the  year  of  the  found- 
ing of  this  Association,  there  appeared  from 
the  press  of  John  Pennington  and  Son 
an  unsigned  pamphlet,  entitled  “Broad 
Street,  Penn  Square  and  the  Park.”  It  contained  a proposal 
for  two  approaches,  one  to  the  Fast  Park  and  one  to  the 
W est  Park.  A well-drawn  plan  accompanied  this  suggestion. 

Callowhill  Street  was  to  be  the  approach  to  the  \N’est 
Park,  via  the  “\^’ire  Bridge,”  now  the  Spring  (larden  Street 
Bridge.  The  approach  to  the  Fast  Park  was  to  be  by  a street, 
one  block  to  the  north  of  Callowhill  Street,  now  called  Willow 
.Street,  but  then  called  Pennsylvania  Avenue.  When  this 
avenue  reached  'rwenty-hrst  Street,  it  turned  northwestward, 
as  Pennsylv^ania  Avenue  does  now,  and  the  “Main  Fmtrance” 
was  to  be  where  the  Cincinnati  Monument  to  Washington 
now  is.  On  the  west  side  of  Broad  Street,  between  Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue  and  Callowhill  Street,  an  open  space  was  to  be 
created  with  a fountain  in  the  centre.  Broad  Street  being 
widened  on  the  western  side  to  obtain  room  for  it,  and  the 
corners  of  the  block  being  rounded  into  two  streets  leading 
respectively  to  the  east  and  west  sides  of  the  park. 

The  pamphlet  said: 

“It  will  be  seen  by  looking  at  a map  of  the  city  that,  if  a straight 
line  be  drawn  from  the  north  side  of  Penn  Square  to  a point  a few  yards 
to  the  eastward  of  the  Girard  Avenue  Bridge,  about  one  half  of  this  line 
lies  in  the  track  of  the  Pennsylvania  Avenue  or  Willow  Street  branch  of 
the  Reading  Railroad.” 


244 


The  author  urged: 

“Already  we  have  great  avenues  leading  to  the  north  and  to  the  west 
and  to  the  Fdysian  Fields  beyond  Fairmount.  Are  they  forever  to  be  mere 
highways  for  the  exclusive  use  of  mule  teams  and  freight  cars  ? Or  are  they  to 
be  planted  with  trees  and  woods  and  made  as  attractive  as  those  of  Paris? 

* * * If  we  desire  to  make  of  our  city  a great  metropolis,  to  be  visited 
and  admired  by  strangers,  a pride  and  a joy  to  ourselves,  railroads  and 
coal-cars  must  not  always  occupy  the  middle  and  both  ends  of  the  town. 

* * * If  the  great  park,  with  which  we  have  undertaken  to  adorn  the 
city,  is  to  be  a place  of  general  resort  and  to  benefit  all  of  our  citizens,  it 
must  be  brought  within  reach  of  all.  It  must  be  connected  with  Broad 
Street  and  with  the  centre  of  the  city  by  as  short  a route  as  possible;  and 
the  avenues  which  lead  to  it  must  be  made  elegant  ami  attractive,  in 
short,  must  be  made  part  of  the  park.” 

\\T  are  indebted  to  Mr.  John  Ashhurst,  Librarian  of  the 
Free  Library  of  Philadelphia,  for  calling  our  attention  to  this 
interesting  brochure,  which,  so  far  as  we  know,  has  the  dis- 
tinction of  being  the  first  proposal  for  connecting  the  heart  of 
the  city  with  the  park.  The  late  William  Perrine,  the 
famous  “Penn”  of  the  F.vening  Bulletin,  who  collaborated  in 
this  sketch,  regarded  the  plan  just  referred  to  as  having  been 
prepared  by  John  Pennington  himself. 

d'he  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876  caused  a new  pride  to 
be  taken  by  the  city  in  its  big  park  and  the  new  interest  thus 
developed  was  a starting  point  for  the  Parkway  promoters, 
among  whom  was  Morton  McMichael,  then  ^^ayor  and 
President  of  the  Fairmount  Park  Commission. 

Jn  1884  Mr.  Charles  K.  Landis,  the  founder  of  \’ineland, 
N.  J.,  presented  another  plan  for  the  Parkway  and  we  are 
indebted  to  his  sister  for  the  opportunity  to  reproduce  it. 
It  will  be  noted  that  its  axis  is  almost  precisely  the  axis  of  the 
present  Parkway.  The  roadway  was  to  be  150  feet  wide  with 
the  tower  of  the  City  Hall  as  the  terminus  at  the  southeast 
end  and  a point  some  thirty  or  forty  feet  southwestward  of 
its  present  northwest  terminus  at  F'airmount  was  to  be 
the  other  end  of  the  axis.  Mr.  I.andis  also  proposed,  it  will 
be  observed,  that  the  Washington  monument  should  be  placed 
on  the  axis  of  the  Parkway,  near  its  northwest  end,  a proposal 
which  is  duplicated  in  the  plan  now  in  course  of  execution. 
Under  the  map  Mr.  Landis  wrote: 

“.A  convenient  approach  to  the  park  is  a necessity.  Why  not  make 
it  something  worthy  of  the  magnificent  city  of  Philadelphia? 

“The  best  approach — the  nearest  from  the  centre — the  most  con- 

245 


venient  to  the  largest  population  and  in  the  end  the  most  economical, 
can  be  made  by  cutting  an  avenue  from  the  angle  of  the  square,  facing 
the  Public  Buildings,  and  running  in  a straight  line  to  the  corner  of  Fair- 
mount  avenue  and  Biddle  street,  opposite  Fairmount  Park.  This  would 
atford  a view  of  the  Public  Buildings  at  one  end  and  Fairmount  Park  at 
the  other.  It  would  only  be  one  mile  long  and  strike  the  heart  of  the  city. 
It  would  bring  the  park  within  easy  walking  distance.  The  avenue 
should  be  at  least  150  feet  wide.  Buildings  should  be  required  to  be  set 
back  at  least  25  feet  from  the  curb,  which  should  be  the  sidewalk.  There 
would  be  room  for  carriage  ways  and  equestrian  ways.  It  would  cut  the 
blocks  diagonally,  which  affords  a grand  opportunity  for  architectural 
effects  and  for  the  erection  of  monuments,  statuary  and  fountains.  It 
will  interfere  with  no  important  buildings. 

“This  proposal  was  first  published  by  me  .April  29th,  1884,  and  may 
strike  the  mind  as  extravagant,  but  a little  reflection  will  convince  one 
that,  on  the  contrary,  it  is  economical — we  must  reflect  that  in  a very 
few  years  this  city  which  now  has  1,000,000  of  people  will  have  1,500,000 
or  2,000,000.  The  increased  value  of  property  upon  the  avenue  and  vicinity 
would  amount  to  more  than  the  whole  expense.  This  has  been  the  ex- 
perience in  Paris  and  other  cities.’’ 

Either  before  or  after  Mr.  Landis’s  plan  was  presented, 
George  Rogers,  an  editorial  assistant  to  Mr.  McMichael  (son  of 
the  former  Mayor)  on  the  North  American,  took,  up  the  cause 
of  the  Parkway.  Rogers  arouseci  Mr.  McMichael’s  interest 
in  Landis’s  plan  and  advocated  it  openly,  when  the  Society 
of  the  Cincinnati  came  forward  with  the  proposal  to  erect  the 
U’ashington  Monument  in  Independence  Square. 

Shortly  after  Mayor  Stuart’s  entrance  into  office,  Mr. 
McMichael  took  up  the  project  with  the  Mayor  and  persuaded 
him  to  include  a recommendation  in  his  message  to  Councils 
that  the  Parkway  should  be  considered  by  that  body.  The 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  and  the  Inquirer  gave 
hearty  support  to  the  plan,  while  it  was  opposed  by  other 
newspapers. 

.About  the  beginning  of  June,  1891,  a meeting  of  prominent 
citizens  was  held,  the  project  was  endorsed  and  a petition  was 
prepared  and  was  signeci  by  about  five  hundred  influential 
and  respected  citizens,  who  were  said  to  represent  upwards 
of  two-thirds  of  the  taxable  property  in  the  city.  The  peti- 
tion urged  the  advisability  of  providing  a parkway.  It 
called  for  “a  suitable  and  handsome  avenue,”  one  hundred 
and  twenty-five  feet  wide,  in  direct  line  to  the  park,  and  it 
was  presented  in  Common  Council,  on  June  11,  1891,  by 
Mr.  Thomas  L.  Hicks  of  the  34th  Ward. 

The  petition  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Surveys, 
sent  to  the  Board  of  Surveyors  and  reported  back  in  Sep- 

246 


Map  of  the  Grand  Avenue  to  the  Park.  Philadelphia. 


A CONVENIENT  APPROACH  TO  THE  PARK  IS  A NECESSITY.  WHY  NOT  MAKE  IT  SOMETHING  WORTHY  OF  THE  MAGNIFICENT  CITY  OF  PHILADELPHIA 


The  best  approach — the  nearest  from  the  centre — the  most  convenient  to  the  largest  population  and  in  the  end  the  most 
economical  can  be  made  by  cutting  an  avenue  from  the  angle  of  the  square  facing  the  Public  Buildings,  and  running  In  a straight 
line  to  the  comer  of  Fairmount  avenue  and  Biddle  street,  opposite  Fairmount  Park.  This  would  afford  a view  of  the  Public 
Buildings  at  one  end  and  Fairmount  Park  at  the  other.  It  would  only  be  one  mile  long,  and  strike  the  heart  of  the  city.  It 
would  bring  the  Park  within  easy  walking  distance.  The  avenue  should  be  at  least  150  feet  wide.  Buildings  should  be  required  to 
be  set  back  at  least  25  f®®t  from  the  curb,  which  should  be  the  sidewalk.  There  would  be  room  for  carriage  ways,  and  eques- 


trian ways.  It  would  cut  the  blocks  diagonally  which  affords  a grand  opportunity  for  architectural  effects,  and  for  the  erection 
of  monuments,  statuary  and  fountains.  It  will  interfere  with  no  important  buildings. 

This  proposal  was  first  published  by  me  April  29th,  1884,  and  may  strike  the  mind  as  exttavagant,  but  a little  rellectioii 
will  convince  one  that  on  the  contrary,  it  is  economical — we  must  reflect  that  in  a very  few  years  this  city  which  now  has  1,000, 
000  of  people  will  have  1,500,000  or  2,000,000,  The  ineteased  value  of  property  upon  the  avenue  and  vicinity  would  amount  to 
more  than  the  whole  expense.  This  has  been  the  experience  in  Paris  and  other  Cities, 


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tember,  1891,  with  a favorable  recommendation,  the  Survey 
Committee  reporting  to  Councils  on  October  1st. 

The  ordinance  was  called  up  for  consideration  by  Mr. 
Hicks  on  October  8th  and  put  on  the  calender  for  the  22nd. 
On  that  date  it  was  considered.  The  Board  of  7>ade  urged 
its  passage.  Mr.  Smithers  of  the  29th  Ward  presented  a 
resolution  of  the  Single  Tax  Society,  urging  that  the  cost  be 
assessed  on  the  neighboring  property.  Thomas  Meehan,  of 
the  22nd  Ward,  objected  to  the  avenue  being  placed  on  the 
city  plan  on  the  ground  that  it  might  delay  the  improvement 
of  that  section  of  the  city. 

Consideration  of  the  ordinance  was  postponed,  but,  on 
Mr.  Hicks’s  motion,  a resolution  was  passed,  requesting  the 
Department  ol  Public  Works  to  prepare  plans  and  specifi- 
cations and  estimates  of  the  cost  of  opening  an  avenue  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  wide,  more  or  less.  On  February  25, 
1892,  the  Mayor  transmitted  the  report  of  Director  James  H. 
Windrim,  recommending  that  the  width  of  the  avenue  be 
made  one  hundred  and  sixty  feet  and  presenting  three  separate 
plans  and  estimates.  Plan  No.  3,  the  one  approved  by  the 
Select  and  Common  Councils,  provided  for  a direct  route. 

The  report  was  sent  to  the  Survey  Committee  and  the 
ordinance  was  reported  back  with  a favorable  recommendation 
on  March  3,  1892.  On  the  17th  of  March,  1892,  the  bill 
came  up  for  consideration  on  second  reading.  Two  motions 
were  made,  one  to  postpone  and  the  other  indefinitely  to  post- 
pone, and  were  voted  down.  On  motion  the  bill  was  then 
referred  to  the  Finance  Committee.  On  March  24th  that 
Committee  reported  back  the  bill,  when  C.  L.  Brown  asked 
for  the  approval  of  Plan  No.  1.  The  bill  then  went  over 
until  the  29th,  when,  after  another  attempt  to  secure  an  in- 
definite postponement,  it  was  passed  by  Common  Council  by 
71  to  27.  The  next  day  Select  Council  passed  it,  23  yeas  and 
no  nays. 

On  April  12,  1892,  Mayor  Stuart  approved  the  bill. 
On  May  1,  1893,  the  Board  of  Surveyors  confirmed  the  plan. 

On  April  5, 1894,  Hon.  C.  L.  Brown  introduced  an  ordinance 
to  open  the  Park  Boulevard  from  Nineteenth  street  to  the 
north  side  of  Biddle  street.  This  was  referred  to  the  High- 
way Committee. 

On  April  19,  1894,  Mr.  Seger  introduced  a bill  to  strike 
the  Boulevard  off  the  City  Plan.  This  was  referred  to  the 
Survey  Committee,  sent  to  the  Board  of  Surveyors  and 

247 


reported  with  a negative  recommendation  and  on  June  1, 
1894,  the  Survey  Committee  asked  to  be  discharged  from  its 
further  consideration,  Mr.  Seger  presenting  a minority  report. 

'Fhe  ordinance  to  open  the  Boulevard  was  taken  up  by 
the  Committee  on  Highways  and,  on  motion  of  Edward 
Patton,  was  referred  to  the  Committee  of  the  Second  and 
4'hird  Districts.  I'hat  sub-committee  reported  it  back  with  a 
favorable  recommendation.  In  the  general  Committee  the 
bill  was  amended  to  provide  for  the  opening  of  the  avenue 
for  its  full  length  and  was  reported  on  June  7,  1894,  with  a 
favorable  recommendation. 

On  June  14th  the  opening  ordinance  came  up  in  Common 
Council.  Mr.  Meehan,  of  the  22nd  \\'ard,  wanted  to  postpone 
action  upon  it.  Mr.  \Valton,  of  the  27th  Ward,  added  an 
amendment  providing  that  no  railroad  should  ever  be  con- 
structed thereon  without  the  consent  of  the  citizens.  Mr. 
Hawkes,  of  the  20th  Ward,  wanted  to  postpone  indefinitely 
and  the  debate  lasted  until  the  hour  of  adjournment.  At 
the  next  meeting  of  Common  Council,  on  June  19th,  debate 
was  resumed  and  again  lasted  until  the  hour  of  adjournment. 
On  June  21st,  the  bill  was  again  taken  up  and,  after  four 
hours’  discussion,  was  passed  by  a vote  of  84  to  27.  On  June 
22nd  Select  Council  considered  it  and,  after  three  hours’  debate, 
passed  it  by  a vote  of  20  to  13.  But,  to  the  surprise  of  the 
citizens,  it  was  vetoed  bv  the  Mavor. 

For  a time  the  Parkway  project  was  defeated.  During 
Mayor  Warwick’s  administration  a move  was  made  to  .secure 
for  public  use  the  block  of  ground  bounded  by  Broad,  Fif- 
teenth, .Arch  and  Filbert  streets,  Mr.  James  M.  Beck  pleading 
the  “Necessity  of  a City  Hall  Plaza.’’ 

'rhe  next  plan  proposed  was  that  of  Mr.  \\’illiam  C. 
Huey,  a member  of  Council,  prepared  by  Messrs.  .Schermer- 
horn  and  Reinhold,  for  a concourse  two  hundred  and  seventy- 
five  feet  wide  from  the  north  side  of  Carleton  street  to  the 
.South  side  of  Pearl  street,  extending  from  Broad  street  west- 
ward to  Twenty-second  street,  where  it  turned  northwestward, 
maintaining  the  same  width,  until  it  took  the  line  of  the  Read- 
ing subway  and  reached  the  park  by  way  of  Pennsylvania 
avenue.  A similar  plan  was  later  laid  before  Councils  by 
.Alexander  Crow,  Jr.,  but  no  action  was  taken  on  either. 

On  February  6,  1900,  the  Art  Federation  of  Philadel- 
phia met  at  the  house  of  .\lr.  Daniel  Baugh  and  invited  dele- 
gates of  various  civic  and  art  societies  to  meet  at  the  Art 

248 


Club  in  April  to  consider  a new  Parkway  project.  This  was 
the  real  beginning  of  the  present  Parkway,  as  this  organiza- 
tion formed  the  Parkway  Association  and  on  motion  of  Mr. 
Beck  approved  a plan  for  a boulevard  one  hundred  and 
sixty  feet  wide  from  the  City  Hall  to  Logan  Square,  and 
three  hundred  feet  wide  from  Logan  Square  to  the  Park,  with 
the  suggestion  of  the  location  of  the  proposed  Art  Museum 
on  the  site  ol  the  Fairmount  Reservoir. 

In  1902  the  Parkway  Association,  of  which  the  late  Mr. 
John  H.  Converse  was  President,  issued  a quarto  pamphlet 
with  illustrations  of  the  proposed  improvements  in  connection 
with  the  suggested  Parkway,  illustrating  some  of  the  prominent 
features  of  similar  developments  in  leading  cities  of  the  world. 
'Phe  introductory  plea  by  Mr.  James  M.  Beck  was  a powerful 
argument  for  the  adoption  of  the  plan  and  its  complete  presen- 
tation by  Mr.  Albert  Kelsey,  the  Secretary  of  the  Parkway 
.Association,  produced  a marked  effect  on  public  opinion.  Mr. 
Converse  was  supported  by  an  Executive  Committee  of  men 
of  prominence,  who  united  in  urging  the  forwarding  of  the 
project,  giving  it  all  necessary  financial  assistance. 

On  March  19,  1903,  the  City  Councils  passed  an  ordi- 
nance authorizing  the  placing  “on  the  City  Plan  of  an  .Avenue 
or  Parkway  between  City  Hall  and  Fairmount  Park,”  the 
width  to  be  160  feet  east  of  Logan  Square  and  300  feet  west 
of  Logan  Square.  I'he  ordinance  was  somewhat  amended  on 
June  27,  1904,  and  the  plan,  made  to  conform  with  the 
amended  ordinance,  was  confirmed  by  the  Board  of  Surveyors 
November  7,  1904. 

On  Ma>'  18,  1904,  a loan  ordinance  was  submitted  to  the 
electors,  which  included  ^2,000,000  for  the  Parkway,  and  the 
electors  approved  it.  4'his  was  the  first  money  voted  for  the 
project  by  the  people. 

.A  revision  of  the  lines  and  grades  of  the  Parkway  was 
made  by  an  ordinance  approved  January  4,  1906,  and  the 
revision  was  confirmed  by  the  Board  of  Surveyors  on  .April 
9,  1906.  On  October  13,  1906,  the  first  ordinance  authorizing 
the  opening  of  any  portion  of  the  Parkway  was  passed.  It 
directed  its  opening  between  Logan  Square  and  Spring  Garden 
Street.  The  city  filed  its  bond  in  the  sum  of  ^2,000 ,000  in 
the  Court  of  Quarter  Sessions  under  date  of  November  22, 
1906.  This  condemnation  by  the  city  was  under  the  plan 
confirmed  April  9,  1906. 

On  December  12,  1907,  the  Fairmount  Park  .Art  .Associa- 

249 


tion  presented  the  plan  prepared  for  it  by  a commission  con- 
sisting of  Paul  P.  Cret,  Horace  Trumbauer  and  C.  C.  Zant- 
zinger.  It  is  this  plan,  somewhat  enlarged  by  Jacques 
Greber,  which  is  now  being  carried  out;  but  it  is  still  essen- 
tially the  plan  presented  by  this  Association.  The  plan  was  not 
only  printed  in  the  Association’s  Annual  Report  for  the  year 
1907,  but  it  was  also  reproduced  in  a special  book,  published  by 
the  Association  in  1919,  entitled  “The  Fairmount  Parkway 
1904-1919*.  ’’ 

On  April  15,  1908,  a loan  was  submitted  to  the  people, 
including  an  item  of  31,000,000  for  the  Parkway,  which  was 
duly  approved,  and  a similar  loan  was  authorized  by  Council- 
manic  authority  July  1,  1909.  Before  the  latter  action  was 
taken,  an  ordinance  approved  June  8,  1909,  authorized  a 
revision  of  the  lines  and  grades  of  the  Parkway,  which  revision 
was  confirmed  by  the  Board  of  Surveyors  on  September  20, 
1909.  It  is  this  revision,  which  adopted  the  plan  prepared 
for  this  Association  by  Messrs.  Cret,  Trumbauer  and  Zant- 
zinger.  The  submission  of  this  plan  was  a unique  public 
service  rendered  by  the  Association  and  its  success  was  due 
to  the  public-spirited  vision  of  the  late  Mayor,  John  E.  Rey- 
burn,  who  did  more  for  city  planning  in  Philadelphia  than  any 
other  mayor  we  have  ever  had.  His  reputation  for  foresight- 
edness  will  grow  as  time  passes. 

By  an  ordinance  approved  June  1,  1909,  the  Mayor,  the 
City  Solicitor  and  the  City  Controller  were  authorized  to 
enter  into  negotiations  for  the  purchase  of  property  within  the 
Parkway  or  within  200  feet  thereof.  This  ordinance  was 
amended  by  an  ordinance  approved  December  9,  1909. 

The  ordinance  of  April  8,  1911,  set  aside  as  a site  for  the 
Free  Library  the  plot  of  ground  on  the  north  side  of  \hne 
Street  between  19th  and  20th  Streets.  An  ordinance  approved 
April  15,  1911,  authorized  the  purchase  of  property  at  the 
southwest  corner  of  Broad  and  Arch  Streets  for  the  Parkway 
under  a programme  which  w'as  excellent  in  that  it  spread  the 
payment  for  the  property  over  a period  of  ten  years.  On  June 
19,  1911,  the  people  approved  a loan  containing  31,000,000  for 
the  Parkway.  On  July  22nd  of  the  same  year  an  ordinance 
was  passed  to  condemn  the  property  bounded  by  Twenty- 
first  Street,  \hne  Street,  the  Parkway,  Twentieth  Street  and 
Summer  Street  and  a line  200  feet  southwest  of  the  Park- 
way, but  nothing  was  done  under  this  ordinance. 

*See  Frontispiece  of  this  volume. 


250 


On  August  4,  1911,  an  ordinance  to  open  so  much  of  the 
Parkway,  as  was  bounded  by  Callowhill  Street,  Twenty- 
second  Street,  Shamokin  Street  and  the  southwesterly  line  of 
the  Parkway,  was  approved.  On  July  3,  1912,  an  ordinance 
was  approved  to  open  the  Parkway  between  Sixteenth  and 
Appletree  Streets.  On  July  2,  1914,  the  remaining  portion 
of  the  block  between  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Streets  was 
ordered  opened.  Another  ordinance  was  approved,  on  the 
same  date,  to  open  the  Parkway  between  Nineteenth  and 
Twenty-second  Streets,  and  on  May  20,  1915,  an  ordinance 
was  passed  to  enlarge  Logan  Square  by  extending  it  to  Twen- 
tieth Street  and  to  place  the  Square  and  the  Parkway  under 
the  care  and  management  of  the  Commissioners  of  Fair- 
mount  Park, 

On  January  7,  1915,  the  people  approved  at  the  polls  a 
loan  of  3800,000  for  the  Parkway  and  on  June  29,  1916, 
39,000,000  were  added  for  the  same  purpose  also  by  vote  of 
the  people.  On  July  24,  1916,  an  ordinance  was  passed 
authorizing  the  opening  of  the  unopened  portions  of  the 
Parkway  between  Broad  Street  and  Fairmount  Park.  On 
December  31,  1917,  an  ordinance  to  condemn  property  at 
the  southwest  corner  of  the  Parkway  and  Twenty-second 
Street  was  passed  and  another  ordinance  appropriating  the 
southwest  corner  of  18th  Street  and  the  Parkway  was  approved 
July  18,  1919.  A Councilmanic  loan  on  January  7,  1918, 
provided  3913,172.86  for  the  Parkway  and  on  December  15, 
1919,  another  Councilmanic  loan  provided  31,761,911.26  for  it. 

ITe  first  loan  issued  for  the  Art  Museum  was  for  3200,000 
in  1897.  The  abandoned  Fairmount  Reservoir  was  set  aside 
as  a site  for  the  Art  Museum  during  1911.  During  1913 
preparatory  work  was  begun  on  the  grading  for  the  Plaza 
in  front  of  the  Museum  and  in  the  loan  of  1914  3800,000  were 
made  available  for  construction  of  the  Museum,  31,000,000  in 
the  loan  of  1916  and  31,500,000  in  the  loan  of  1920.  An 
ordinance  of  July  18,  1911,  provided  a site  for  the  Hall  of  the 
American  Philosophical  Society  on  the  northeast  side  of  the 
Parkway  west  of  Sixteenth  Street;  a convention  hall  site  was 
set  aside  by  the  ordinance  of  February  18,  1916;  and  a site 
for  the  Municipal  Court  by  the  ordinance  of  July  18,  1919. 

The  plan  prepared  by  M.  Jacques  Greber  was  submitted 
in  1918,  Its  execution  required  the  acquisition  of  more  prop- 
erty on  the  southwest  side  of  the  Parkway  and  an  ordinance 
approved  December  17,  1919,  provided  for  the  appropriation 

251 


ot  the  ground  bounded  by  Twenty-third  Street,  Callowhill 
Street,  Fairmount  Park  and  the  Parkway. 

d'he  foregoing  is  a somewhat  statistical  history  of  the 
development  to  date  of  the  greatest  single  improvement  of 
the  kind  of  the  Twentieth  Century. 

The  embellishment  of  the  Parkway  with  trees,  flowers, 
fountains  and  sculpture,  as  proposed  in  the  (jreber  plan,  has 
been  begun,  but  it  will  necessarily  take  several  years  to  com- 
plete it. 


2SZ 


LIST  OF  ANNUAL  ADDRESSES 


At  the  annual  meetings  ot  the  Association,  addresses  have 
been  given  by  men  ot  national  reputation  on  varied  topics, 
always  of  interest  and  value  to  the  members  and  their  guests. 
In  some  cases  no  title  was  given  to  the  address  by  the  speaker. 

The  list,  with  the  respective  dates,  follows 

FIRST  ANNUAL  MEETING 
October  15,  1872.  Hoy.  Benjamix  Harris  Brewster. 

“Emblems  ot  moral  excellence  and  public  good,  such  as 
this  Park  and  its  embellishments,  should  adorn  our  country, 
to  remain  as  perpetual  witnesses  of  our  tone.” 

SECOND  ANNT  AL  MEETING 
October  28,  1873.  Rev.  A.  A.  Willits. 

“And  let  us  do  all  in  our  power  to  bless,  to  exalt,  to  ennoble 
the  beautiful  city  of  our  habitation  and  the  noble  land,  which 
with  so  much  joy  and  pride  we  call  ‘Our  Country,’” 

THIRD  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  10,  1874.  Hox.  Hexrv  C.  Carev. 

“It  is  needed  that  we  strive  by  every  effort  in  our  power 
to  make  our  city  not  only  comfortable  for  ourselves,  but 
attractive  to  those  abroad.” 

Provost  Charles  J.  Stille. 

“Every  thing  presented  to  the  popular  eye  as  a work  of 
art  should  suggest  noble  thoughts  and  associations  of  a lofty 
kind,  and  therefore  fitting  to  be  clothed  with  that  grace  and 
beauty,  with  which  the  human  heart  seeks  to  invest  every- 
thing which  it  truly  reveres  and  loves.” 


From  the  year  1874  until  the  year  1893  the  minutes 
record  brief  comments  by  those  in  attendance  at  the  Annual 
Meetings,  but  formal  addresses  were  not  delivered. 

TWENTY-FIRST  ANNsT'AL  MEETING 
March  2,  1893.  Leslie  W.  Miller. 

“Let  us  do  what  we  can  to  make  the  streets  and  parks 
of  our  city  beautiful,  not  only  for  the  purpose  of  attracting 
desirable  residents  and  visitors,  but  as  a means  of  nourishing 
the  deepest  and  most  \*ital  sources  ot  our  industrial  energy.” 

253 


TWENTY-SECOND  ANNUAL  MEETING 
May  10,  1894.  Leslie  W.  Miller. 

"'A  Lesson  from  Florence." 

“Other,  though  not  many,  cities  have  histories  as  nohle, 
treasures  as  vast,  but  no  other  city  has  them  living  and  ever 
present  in  her  midst,  familiar  as  household  words  and  touched 
by  every  baby’s  hand  and  peasant’s  step.” 

Ho.v.  James  M.  Beck. 

“The  artistic  decoration  of  the  interior  of  our  new  City 
Hall  by  mural  paintings.” 

TWENTY-THIRD  ANNUAL  MEETING 
April  29,  1895. 

Informal  addresses  were  made  by  Mrs.  E.  D.  Gillespie, 
Mr.  Leslie  W.  Miller,  Mr.  Daniel  Baugh,  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Mum- 
ford,  Mr.  Talcot  Williams,  Mrs.  Aubrey  H.  Smith,  and  Rev. 
Leverett  Bradley. 

TWENTY-FOURTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  28,  1895.  Charles  S.  Kevser. 

"Historic  Mansions  in  Fairmount  Park." 

A scholarly  address,  replete  with  interesting  information, 
historic  and  traditional. 

TWENTY-FIFTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
May  26,  1897.  Johx  Sartaix. 

“ Reminiscences  of  Philadelphia  sixty  years  ago,”  from 
Mr.  Sartain’s  unpublished  Memoirs. 

TWENTY-SIXTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
November  11,  1897.  Ernest  Thompson  Seton. 

"The  Art  of  the  Stone  Age^  or  Earliest  Known  Drawings." 

TWENTY-SE\’ENTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
November  29,  1898.  Edward  H.  Coates. 

“That  which  befits  us,  embosomed  as  we  are  in  beauty, 
is  courage  and  hope  and  the  endeavor  to  realize  our  aspira- 
tions.” 

TWENTY-EIGHTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  27,  1900.  Truman  H.  Bartlett. 

" Barye  and  his  JVork." 

“The  most  thoughtful  professional  judgment  marks  his 
fame  as  that  of  the  greatest  sculptor  of  ferocious  animals, 
of  which  history  gives  any  distinct  account,  as  one  of  the 

254 


great  artists  of  the  world,  and,  so  far  as  his  art  was  concerned, 
equally  great  as  a man.” 

TWENTY-NINTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  19,  1900.  Professor  Charles  E.  Dana. 

""Arms,  Armour  and  Display  in  the  Middle  Ages.” 

Professor  Dana  was  a past  master  upon  this  subject  (as 
also  upon  many  others);  the  address  was  printed  in  the  1901 
Report,  No.  35,  and  attracted  wide  attention  both  here  and 
abroad. 

THIRTIETH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  14,  1901.  Walter  Cope. 

""The  Relation  oj  Natural  to  Artificial  Beauty 
in  Landscape.” 

Mr.  Cope  was  an  architect  of  distinguished  ability,  as 
evidenced  by  many  structures  of  grace  and  beauty  that  adorn 
Philadelphia  and  other  cities. 

“I  would  urge  that  we  take  nature  as  we  find  her,  treat 
her  with  respect,  allow  her  free  sway  and  that  in  all  we  do  of 
artificial  work  we  do  with  an  eye  to  the  eternal  fitness  of 
things,  not  hoping  to  improve  upon  nature,  but  merely  to 
make  beautiful  works  of  our  own.” 

THIRTY-FIRST  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  18,  1902.  Albert  Kelsev. 

""Parkways  and  Monumental  Thoroughfares.” 

Mr.  Kelsey  has  achieved  repute  by  many  architectural 
creations  here  and  elsewhere,  but  none  more  noted  than 
the  Pan-.American  Building  in  the  City  of  Washington,  in  the 
design  of  which  he  was  an  associate  of  Professor  Cret. 

Hon.  James  M.  Beck. 

""A  Plea  for  the  Parkway.” 

The  progress  of  this  important  artery  in  the  centre  of 
Philadelphia  and  its  near  accomplishment  is  due  in  large 
measure  to  Mr.  Beck’s  earnest  and  continuous  advocacy  of 
the  plans  supported  by  this  Association. 

4'HIRTY-SECOND  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  10,  1903. 

Hon.  James  M.  Beck,  as  President  of  the  Association. 

James  MacAlister,  LL.D. 

Mayor  John  Weaver, 

Col.  a.  Loudon  Snowden,  President,  Commissioners  of 
Fairmount  Park. 

Francis  La  Flesche. 


255 


“Ji^ho  was  the  Medictae  Man”: 

“Man’s  strength  contrasted  with  the  power  of  the  ‘Great 
Spirit.’  With  his  best  intelligence  and  greatest  skill  in  the  use 
of  his  hands,  man  is  powerless  to  bring  into  existence  the 
tiniest  flower,  while  out  of  the  force  of  the  will  of  the  Mys- 
terious One  all  things  in  the  heavens  and  the  earth  have 
come  into  existence  with  beauty,  grandeur  and  majesty.’’ 

THIRTY-THIRD  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  16,  1904.  Frederick.  Law  Olmsted,  Jr. 

“Progress  in  the  Development  of  Park  Systems — 
the  Jf  'ashington  Example.” 

“It  is  at  Washington,  as  at  Philadelphia,  to  forestall 
open  spaces  before  built  upon;  to  secure  vital  park  connections 
before  the  beautiful  valleys  through  which  they  ought  to  run 
are  effaced  by  spreading  streets,  the  outgrowth  of  city  blocks.’’ 

THIRTY-FOURTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  18,  1905.  Fra.vk  Miles  Dav. 

“City  Planning.” 

Mr.  Day  attained  a position  in  the  front  rank  of  American 
architects  and  devoted  much  time  and  energy  to  public  im- 
provements, giving  of  his  services  freely  and  without  com- 
pensation. 

rHIRTY-FIbTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
December  19,  1906.  Frederic  Crowxixshield. 

“The  Fine  Arts  Federation.,  its  Aims  and 
Ambitions f by  its  President. 

“ The  Place  and  Function  of  a Municipal 
Art  Gallery.” 

The  address  was  followed  by  brief  remarks  from  represen- 
tatives of  art  organizations  of  the  city. 

Mr.  John  H.  Converse,  for  the  Pennsylvania  .Academy  of  the  Fine  .Arts 
Professor  Herbert  Everett,  for  the  L'niversity  of  Pennsylvania. 

Mr.  Leslie  W.  Miller,  for  the  Pennsylvania  Museum  and  School  of 
Industrial  .Art. 

J.\.MES  M.\c.Alister,  LL.D.,  for  the  Drexel  Institute. 

Mr.  Elliott  D.\ingerfield,  for  the  School  of  Design  for  Women. 

Mr.  Ja.mes  P.  Ja.mieson,  for  the  Philadelphia  Chapter,  .American  Insti- 
tute of  .Architects. 

Mr.  Thomas  M.  Kellogg,  for  the  T-Square  Club. 

M iss  Florence  W.  Fclton,  for  the  Plastic  Club. 

Mr.  Ludwig  E.  Faber,  for  the  Philadelphia  Sketch  Club. 

256 


I'HIRTY-SIXTH  ANNUAL  MEKTINCi 
December  12,  1907.  R.  A.  Cram,  F.A.I.A.,  F.R.G.S. 

“No  man  is  at  liberty  to  block  a scheme  of  public  im- 
provement lor  his  own  selfish  desires.  The  individual  must 
realize  that  he  is  simply  a part  of  civilized  society  and  in  the 
end  we  shall  all  realize  that  schemes  of  municipal  improve- 
ment, however  much  they  may  argue  for  themselves  in  the 
line  of  practicality  or  aesthetic  value,  are  yet,  when  you  analyze, 
really  and  primarily  first  lessons  in  good  citizenship.” 

d'HIRTY-SE\  ENTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  27,  1909.  Charles  H.  Caffin. 

"'Mural  Decorations  oj  Municipal  Buildings." 

Mr.  Caffin  was  a well-known  writer  on  art  and  had  a wide 
knowledge  of  this  subject. 

“You  can  find  no  nobler  way  of  employing  the  arts  than 
by  putting  into  the  schools  of  Philadelphia  mural  paintings 
that  shall  be  suggestive  of  the  beauty  of  nature  and  the 
beauty  of  the  realism  of  our  race  and  country.” 

THIRTY-EIGHTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  II,  1910.  Sylvester  Baxter, Secretary  of  the  Park 
Commission  for  Greater  Boston. 

"The  DevelopmcJit  oJ  the  Parkway." 

“I  congratulate  you  upon  the  assured  realization  of  your 
magnificent  project,  for  which  you  are  inexpressibly  indebted 
to  the  public  spirit  and  the  splendid  perseverance  of  many  of 
your  best  citizens,  inspired  by  the  graphic  and  beautiful 
presentations  of  the  architects,  who  so  admirably  conceived 

' A.  '>'* 

It. 

George  Oakley  Totten,  Jr.,  A.M.,  A. A. LA.,  Secre- 
tary, American  Section,  International  Congress  of  Architects. 

"The  Influence  of  Aeronautics  on  City  Building." 

“If  a large  city  is  to  be  maintained  as  a single,  unified 
organization,  it  must  of  necessity  have  a civic  centre  or  heart, 
which  may  not  be  at  its  centre  of  population,  but  must  be  at 
or  near  the  centre  of  its  commercial,  financial  and  industrial 
activities.  On  this  middle  ground  should  be  placed  its  chief 
public  buildings.” 

THIRTY-NINTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  24,  1911.  Hon.  John  E.  Reyburn,  Mayor  of  Phila- 
delphia. 

“This  project  of  an  Art  Gallery  is  one  that  has  been  close 

257 


to  our  hearts;  we  are  nearer  a solution  of  the  problem  today 
than  we  have  been  at  any  time.” 

Alfred  H.  Granger. 

“Throughout  the  country,  east  and  west,  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Academy  ol  the  Fine  Arts  is  admired  and  loved  because 
of  the  spirit  of  fairness  and  justice  always  shown  at  its  annual 
exhibitions,  which  spirit  makes  all  artists  desirous  of  recogni- 
tion here,  as  to  have  been  hung  at  an  Academy  Fixhibition  in 
Philadelphia  gives  cachet  to  an  artist  not  only  in  our  own 
country  but  in  Europe  as  well.” 

Hon.  James  M.  Beck. 

“We  honor  Venice  and  Florence  and  Rome,  because  they 
have  those  treasures  of  art,  which,  after  all,  mark  the  aesthetic 
idealism  of  civilization. 

“They  touch  the  deep  note  of  the  beautiful  in  human 
imagination;  and  that  American  city,  which  will  first  awaken  to 
the  value  of  the  things  that  truly  last,  which  will  first  awaken 
to  the  fact  that  art,  literature  and  science  are  worth  all  the 
more  material  advantages, — that  city  in  the  long  race  for 
supremacy  in  this  country  will  be  ultimately  the  triumphant 
one.  If  you  will  join  hands  and  erect  here  a great  and  noble 
museum  of  art,  then  Philadelphia  will  be  making  a long  stride 
forward  in  taking  the  great  place  which  rightfully  belongs  to 
it  in  the  world.” 

Charles  J.  Cohen. 

“An  historical  sketch  of  Carpenters’  Hall,  apropos  of  the 
Association’s  recent  purchase  of  adjoining  property  (and  its 
subsequent  demolition)  to  protect  this  historic  landmark.” 
FORTIETH  ANNUAE  MEETING 
January  15,  1912.  Col.  William  C.  Church,  Editor,  Army 
and  Navy  Journal. 

'"John  Ericsson^  the  Creator  of  the  Modern  Navy.” 

“You  can  make  no  mistake  in  placing  among  the  adorn- 
ments of  your  magnificent  park  a memorial  to  John  Ericsson. 
Posterity  will  never  question  his  claim  to  such  a recognition, 
as  you  propose  to  give  him  as  one  of  America’s  greatest  sons. 
The  nature  of  his  service  to  the  country  and  to  humanity  was 
such  as  to  demand  and  to  receive  the  reward  of  a public 
recognition  seldom  accorded  to  any  man.” 

FORTY-FIRST  ANNUAE  MEETING 
January  16,  1913.  Dr.  James  MacAlister. 

“Outlining  opportunities  for  future  usefulness  by  the 
•Association.” 


258 


FORTY-SECOND  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  22,  1914. 

A general  discussion  as  to  the  activities  of  the  Associa- 
tion, participated  in  by  Hon.  George  W.  Norris,  who 
called  particular  attention  to  the  contemplated  improve- 
ments in  the  southern  part  of  the  city,  many  of  which  have 
since  been  accomplished;  William  H.  Connell,  Esq.,  Chief  of 
the  Bureau  of  Highways;  Eli  Kirk  Price,  Esq.,  of  the  Art 
Jury  and  Fairmount  Park  Commission;  Andrew  Wright  Craw- 
ford, Esq.,  Secretary  of  the  Art  Jury  and  of  the  City 
Parks  Association  of  Philadelphia;  and  Mr.  Albert  Kelsey, 
who  paid  a warm  tribute  to  Professor  Paul  P.  Cret  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  to  whose  efficient  and  unselfish 
service  the  city  was  indebted  for  much  of  the  improvement 
in  public  and  semi-public  structures,  that  had  been  noted  in 
the  report. 

FORl'Y-THIRD  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  21,  1915. 

A general  discussion  as  to  City  Planning,  a movement 
throughout  the  country  in  which  this  Association  is  universally 
regarded  as  the  leader. 

FORTY-FOURTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  29,  1916. 

An  appeal  for  the  completion  of  the  Permanent  Fund, 
City  Branch,  so  that  its  income  might  be  available  for  the 
adornment  of  the  city  proper. 

FORTY-FIFTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  18,  1917.  Wilfred  H.  Schoff,  Secretary  of  the 
Philadelphia  Commercial  Museums. 

“0«/  o/  Doors  in  Portugal  and  Spain”  illustrated  with 
attractive  lantern  slides. 

FORTY-SIXTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  30,  1918.  Joseph  Allison  Steinmetz. 

”The  Aeroplane  in  War.” 

Mr.  Steinmetz  illustrated  with  lantern  slides  the  rapid 
advance  that  had  been  made  in  aerial  navigation  and  stated 
the  necessity  for  provision  in  the  architecture  of  the  near 
future  for  the  use  of  planes  in  towns  and  cities  to  accommodate 
the  various  classes  certain  to  require  such  facilities. 

Mr.  Joseph  E.  Widener  referred  to  the  nature  and  extent 

259 


at  the  work  that  had  been  done  recently  in  developing  the 
studies  for  the  Parkway  and  the  river  embankments. 

He  called  attention  to  the  comprehensive  scheme  prepared 
for  the  Commissioners  ot  Fairmount  Park  by  the  distinguished 
landscape  architect,  Mr.  Jacques  (jreber,  whose  designs  were 
publicly  exhibited  for  the  first  time  at  this  meeting. 

FORTY-SE\  EXTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  16,  1919.  Albert  Kelsey. 

'^'Memoria/s." 

“Let  Philadelphia  hav'e  its  Temple  of  \’ictory  at  one  end 
of  its  Peace  Parkway  and  its  great  Art  Museum  at  the  other.” 
“A  memorial  is  a sacramental  thing  and  therefore  it  must 
be  a delight  to  the  eye,  a moral  lesson  and  something  for  the 
heart  to  rejoice  in.” 

FORTY-EIGHTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  15,  1920.  Hon\  Gifford  Pixchot. 

"'Forest  Planting  in  Parks  and  Highways.” 

“Would  it  be  possible,  without  injury  to  the  beauty  of 
Fairmount  Park,  to  let  it  tell  some  part  of  the  story  of  the 
forest  to  the  tens  of  thousands  of  city  dwellers  for  whom  it 
is  the  nearest  approach  to  the  great  outdoors.^” 

“Adopt  a descriptive  label,  giving  the  uses  made  of  the 
tree  (and  those  the  Indians  made  before  us),  its  v'alue  for 
planting  and  shade,  and  interesting  items  as  to  its  insect  and 
animal  inhabitants.” 

“The  reforestation  of  six  million  acres  in  Pennsylvania 
is  imperative,  if  the  supply  of  lumber  is  to  be  maintained, 
aside  from  its  importance  for  the  future  water  supply  for 
Philadelphia.” 

FOR  IT-NINTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  13,  1921.  Andrew  Wright  Crawford. 

"World's  Fairs  and  their  City  Planning  Salvage.” 

A plan,  showing  the  advantage  of  the  Fairmount  Parkway 
and  the  banks  of  the  Schuylkill  as  the  site  for  the  World’s 
Fair  to  be  held  in  1926  in  celebration  of  the  One  hundred 
and  fiftieth  Anniversary  of  American  Independence,  prepared 
by  Paul  P.  Cret,  Sc.  D.,  was  exhibited. 

FIFTIETH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
January  26,  1922.  Eli  Kirk  Price. 

"Fairmount  Park  and  the  Sesqiii-Centennial.” 

Mr.  Pri  ce’s  address  was  followed  by  a discussion  by  Hon. 
James  M.  Beck. 


260 


FAIRMOUNT  PARR  ART  ASSOCIATION 


October  31,  1921 

^riie  balances  in  the  various  funds  are  as  follows: 


.Accounts 

U.  S. 
Liberty 

Philadelphia 

Loans 

^ .Mort- 

Cash 

Total 

Loans 

4% 

1 

-5% 

gages 

Perm.-uient  Fund  . . . 
(Park  Branch) 
Permanent  Fund.  . . 
(City  Branch) 
General  Fund 

5542,817.63 

4,133.11 

13,881.16 

400.00 

6,09.3.57 

409.54 

91.08 

275.14 

5526,652.38 

4,571.87 

4,840.00 

7,636.13 

3,248.12 

602.87 
202.26 

102.87 
11,073.13 

5538,160.47 

12,637.98 

6,518.57 

8,629.25 

33,016.10 

310,400.00 

1,000.00 

4,000.00 

3206.70 

459.14 

3121,253.28 

22,802.10 

(Park  Branch) 

General  Fund 

(City  Branch) 
F'ricsson  .Memorial 
Fund 

3,410.38 
(Dr.  Bal.) 

1.530.09 

32,650.11 

1,130.09 

Childs  - Drexel  .Me- 
morial Fund 

515.15 

22,876.10 

Robert  .M  orris  Me- 
morial Fund 

152.03 

3,809.69 

Hancock  Memorial 

Fund 

G.  and  M.  Connor- 
Wood  .M  e m o r i a 1 
Fund 

1,870.98 

35.18 

103.72 

729.13 

2,452.10 

.Aero  .Memorial  Fund 
Shakespeare  Memo- 
rial Fund 

400.00 

2,485.03 

7,627.50 

28.61 

42.02 

105.53 

131.48 

442.02 

21,291.19 

1 

1 

■ J 

1 

1 

1 

! 

Cr. 

5,058.46 
Dr.  1 

1,530.09 

Cr. 

228,437.20 

Dr. 

1,130.09 

Totals 

570,988.26 

858,929.63  j 

875,444.75j  S3,016.10j 

315,400.00 

33,528.37 

3227,307.11 

REQUESTS  TO  THE  EAIRMOUNT  PARK  ART  ASSOCIATION 
1892.  Alfred  Bamber,  placed  in  the  Permanent  Eund,  Park 

lonr  T •/.••  •. , 38000.00 

1906.  J.  Dundas  Lippmcott,  placed  m the  Permanent  Eund, 

Park  Branch 5000.00 

1916.  Oeorge  and  .\Ieta  Connor-Wood  Memorial  Eund 113.32 

1918.  Otto  Bachmeister  (on  the  termination  of  certain  life 

iQi^  - • c-  ■••••.•  U ••  •. 2000.00 

1913.  Edlen  Phillips  Samuel  (on  the  death  of  her  husband,  T 

Bunford  Samuel) 765,000.00 


261 


PREAMBLE  TO  THE  ORIGINAL 
CONSTITUTION 

Since  it  is  desirable  to  increase  the  appreciation  and  love 
of  art  in  our  midst,  to  add  to  the  number  of  its  v'otaries, 
promote  the  refinements  of  life  consequent  thereon  and 
encourage  artists  in  the  practice  of  their  profession,  and 

Since  it  is  commendable  to  erect  statues,  busts,  fountains 
and  other  works  of  art  to  the  honor  and  memory  of  eminent 
persons  and  their  deeds,  in  order  that  their  good  example  and 
influence  may  be  more  permanently  exerted  in  fostering  a 
spirit  of  emulation  and  ambition  in  our  people,  and 

ereas  these  results  may  be  better  secured  and  the  good 
effects  thereof  more  generally  obtained  by  the  accumulation 
of  objects  of  art  in  one  enclosure,  visited  by  the  greatest  num- 
ber of  people,  and 

W hereas  it  is  desirable  to  enhance  the  beauties  and  attrac- 
tions of  the  Park,  by  means  in  which  all  may  gladly  partici- 
pate; 

I'herefore,  we,  whose  names  are  affixed  to  the  following 
Constitution,  have  formed  ourselves  into  a society  to  be  styled 
the  “Fairmount  Park  Art  Association,”  which  society  shall 
have  for  its  object  the  accumulation  of  a fund,  by  means  of 
annual  contributions  of  small  fixed  sums  of  money  by  the  mem- 
bers thereof,  and  by  legacies,  donations,  etc.,  which  fund  shall 
be  devoted  to  and  employed  in  adorning  Fairmount  Park 
with  works  of  art,  either  of  a memorial  nature  or  otherwise. 

In  consideration  of  the  objects  above  set  forth,  we,  whose 
names  are  subscribed  to  the  following  Constitution,  agree  to 
fulfil  with  honor  and  good  faith  the  duties  imposed  in  the  said 
Constitution  and  the  By-Laws,  which  have  been  adopted  for 
the  rule  and  government  of  the  said  Fairmount  Park  Art 
Association. 


262 


CLASSES  OF  MEMBERSHIP 


PARK  BRANCH 


Associate  Membership  (Annually) 3 1 

Annual  Membership 5 

Life  Membership  (and  Certificate) 50 

*Perpetual  Membership 500 

CITY  BRANCH 

Associate  Membership  (Annually) 3 1 

Annual  Membership 5 

Life  Membership  (and  Certificate) 50 

*Perpetual  Membership 500 


Annual  members  of  two  or  more  years  may  change  to  Life  Member- 
ship upon  payment  of  Forty  Dollars. 


As  the  Association  welcomes  gifts  and  bequests  of  secu- 
rities, money  and  real  estate,  it  is  hoped  that  all  who  desire  to 
perpetuate  the  work  of  the  Association  will,  in  disposing  ol 
their  property,  include  the  Fairmount  Park  Art  Association 
among  their  beneficiaries. 

Under  the  laws  of  Pennsylvania,  which  provide  that  the 
courts  are  authorized  to  enter  a decree  at  any  time  extend- 
ing and  defining  the  amount  of  property  which  the  Associa- 
tion shall  be  permitted  to  hold,  it  is  evident  that  the  restric- 
tion in  the  original  charter  limiting  the  amount  of  real  estate 
which  it  may  legally  hold  is  practically  removed. 

Perpetual  memberships  are  especially  valued  as  legacies. 

Citizens  desiring  to  contribute  to  the  adornment  of  the 
park  or  city  are  invited  to  do  so  through  the  agency  of  this 
Association,  in  order  that  such  undertakings  may  not  only 
benefit  by  its  experience  and  oversight,  but  also  that  proper 
and  permanent  record  of  them  may  be  made  in  its  published 
reports. 


*May  be  in  one’s  own  name  or  “In  Memoriam.” 

263 


I^KRMAXKNT  ENDOWMENT  EUND 

'I'his  fund  was  created  in  the  year  1874,  by  a resolution 
of  the  Hoard  of  Trustees,  which  appropriated  the  sum  of 
33,000  as  a nucleus. 

All  amounts  received  from  Eife  Memberships,  ten  per 
centum  ol  the  annual  dues  of  members,  together  with  all 
special  donations,  are  added  to  this  fund. 

In  1895  the  special  form  of  membership  known  as  “Per- 
petual Members”  was  adopted,  all  sums  received  in  connection 
therewith  to  become  a part  of  the  Permanent  Eund.  Per- 
petual membership  may  either  be  in  one’s  own  name  or  “In 
Memoriam.” 


Park 

1895  Garrett,  William  E.,  Jr.* 
1895  Phillips,  Miss  F.mily* 

1897  Converse  John  H.* 

1897  Converse,  Mrs.  John  H.* 

1898  Elkins,  Col.  William  L.* 

1898  Elkins,  Mrs.  William  L.* 

1899  Dolan,  Thomas* 

1899  Harrison,  Charles  C.,  LL.D. 


Morris,  Miss  Lydia  T. 
1900  Justice,  William  W.* 

1900  Warren,  E.  Burgess* 

1901  “Donatello” 

1901  Frazier,  William  W.* 

1906  Lippincott,  J.  Dundas* 

1907  Barklie,  ^^Rs.  Archibald 
1919  Cohen,  Charles  J. 


PERPEd'EAE  MEMBERS 
Branch 
1900 


1895  Bamber,  Alfred 
1895  Smith,  Richard 
1895  Phillips,  Miss  F.llen 
1895  Phillips,  Hon.  Henry  M. 
1898  Fitler,  Hon.  Edwin  H. 
1898  Howell,  Henry  C. 

1900  Morris,  Isaac  W.,  Jr. 

1900  Dreer,  Mrs.  Ferdinand  J. 


Justice,  Miss  Cecilia 
1901  Tho.mson,  j.  Edgar 
1901  Drexel,  Anthony  J. 

1901  Scott,  Col.  Thomas  A. 
1904  Henry,  Charles  W. 

1904  Howell,  Col.  Charles  H. 
1906  Dundas,  James 


PERPETUAL  MEMBERS  IN  ME.MORIAM 

Park  Branch 
1901 


City  Branch 

1904  Howell,  Col.  Charles  H. 


’Deceased. 


264 


HONORARY  MEMBERS 


1899  Hampton  L.  Carson 
1906  Henry  K.  Fox 
1920  Leslie  \V.  Miller 


LIFE  AND  ANNUAL  MEMBERS 


This  list  represents  the  Membership  in  i()2i 
Members  will  please  notify  the  Secretary  oj  any  change  or  error  in  address. 


The  fee  for  Life  Membership  in  either  Branch  is  fifty  dollars,  one  hundred  in 
both.  That  for  Annual  Membership  is  five  dollars  in  either 
Branch,  ten  in  both. 


P I.  indicates  PARK  branch  LIFE  member. 

C L indicates  CITY  branch  LIFE  member. 

P A indicates  PARK  branch  ANNUAL  member. 

C A indicates  CITY  branch  ANNUAL  members 
* indicates  DECEASED. 

p A Abbott,  Francis  R.,  The  Art  Club,  220  S.  Broad  St. 

p L Addicks,  J.  Fdward.* 

p A Albrecht,  Emil  P.,  The  Bourse. 

p A Alburger,  Stoer  & Co.,  615  Chestnut  St. 

p A Allman,  Herbert  D.,  3819  Walnut  St. 

c a Allman,  Herbert  D. 

p L Alter,  John  Joseph,  935  N.  Twenty-ninth  St. 
p L Alter,  \Irs.  John  Joseph,  935  N.  Twenty-ninth  St. 
p A Archambault,  V.  E.,  Jr.  (In  Memoriam.) 
p a Armstrong,  Theodore,  115  Chestnut  St. 
p A Ashton,  Mrs.  Thomas  G.,  1814  S.  Rittenhouse  Sq. 
p A Austin,  Richard  L.,  408  Chestnut  St. 
c A Bailey,  Charles  W.,  P.  O.  Box  197. 
c A Bailey,  Edward  L.,  Fallsington,  Pa. 
p L Baird,  Charles  O.* 

p A Baird,  John  E'..,  306  Real  Estate  Trust  Bldg, 
c A Baird,  John  El 

p A Baird,  Mrs.  Matthew,  2012  Spruce  St. 

p L Baltz,  J.  & P.,  Brewing  Co.,  Thirty-first  and  Thompson  Sts. 

p L Banks,  George  W.,  1218  Chestnut  St. 

p A Barney,  Charles  D.,  Ogontz,  Pa. 

c A Barney,  Charles  D. 

p L Barrie,  George,  1313  Walnut  St. 

* Deceased. 


265 


p L Barrows,  Mrs.  Ira,  667  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York  City, 
p L Battles,  H.  H.,  114  S.  Twelfth  St. 
p L Baugh,  Daniel,  1601  Locust  St. 
c A Baugh,  Mrs.  Daniel,  1601  Locust  St. 
p A Beck,  Hon.  James  M.,  32  Liberty  St.,  New  York  City, 
c A Beck,  Hon.  James  M. 
p -A  Beeber,  Dimner,  705  Land  Title  Bldg, 
c A Beeber,  Dimner. 

p L Bein,  August,  S.  W.  cor.  Fifth  and  Cherry  Sts. 
c L Bell,  Miss  Emily,  1428  Spruce  St. 
p L Bell,  Miss  Laura,  1428  Spruce  St. 
p L Bement,  Clarence  S.,  401  N.  Twenty-first  St. 
p L Bement,  William  P.,  3817  Spruce  St. 
c L Benson,  Alexander,  59  S.  Fourth  St. 
p A Benson,  Gen.  R.  Dale,  1060  Drexel  Bldg, 
p L Bergdoll,  Louis,  Jr.,  2806  Parrish  St. 
p L Berges,  William,  1500  Erie  Ave. 
c A Biddle,  Mrs.  Edward  W.,  The  Rittenhouse. 
p L Bisler,  Gustav  A.,  249  N.  Sixth  St. 
c L Bisler,  (justav  A. 

PA  Black,  Francis  F.,  620  S.  Washington  Sq. 
c L Blakiston,  Miss  Mary,  Fort  Washington,  Pa. 
c A Bockius,  Morris  R.,  934  Land  Title  Bldg, 
p A Bodine,  Samuel  T.,  Villa  Nova,  Pa. 
c L Bond,  Nliss  Catharine  A.,  1608  Locust  St. 
p A Borgner,  Cyrus,  Twenty-third  and  Race  Sts. 
p A Borie,  Charles  L.,  Jr.,  112  S.  Sixteenth  St. 
c A Borie,  Charles  L.,  Jr. 
c A Brazier,  H.  Bartol,  Wynnewood,  Pa. 
p L Brock,  Mrs.  Robert  C.  H.,  1612  Walnut  St. 
c L Brock,  Mrs.  Robert  C.  H. 

p A Bromley,  Joseph  H.,  Wissahickon  and  Chelten  .Aves.,  Germantown. 

c A Bromley,  Joseph  H. 

p L Brooks,  William  H.,  509  Chestnut  St. 

p A Brovvn,  Francis  Shunk,  5927  Drexel  Road,  Overbrook. 

p L Brown,  John  A.,  224  S.  Nineteenth  St. 

p A Bucknell,  Mrs.  W.,  Care  of  Fidelity  Trust  Co. 

c A Bucknell,  Mrs.  W. 

p A Burnham,  William,  4301  Spruce  St. 

c A Burnham,  William. 

p L Burns,  Charles  M.,  212  S.  Fifteenth  St. 

p A Busch,  Mrs.  Henry  E.,  1006  Spruce  St. 

c A Busch,  Mrs.  Henry  E. 

p L Busch,  Henry  Paul,  1006  Spruce  St. 

p A Calder,  Alexander  Stirling,  51  W.  Tenth  St.,  New  York, 
p A Cannstatter  Volksfest-Verein,  1637  N.  Broad  St. 
c A Cannstatter  Volksfest-Verein. 
p L Capp,  Seth  Bunker,  P.  O.  Box  2054,  Philadelphia, 
c L Capp,  Seth  Bunker. 
p L Castner,  Samuel,  Jr.,  3729  Chestnut  St. 
c A Castner,  Samuel,  Jr. 
p L Chandler,  .Alfred  N. 


.A 


266 


c L Chandler,  Alfred  N. 

p L Chandler,  T.  P.,  249  S.  Sixteenth  St. 

p A Chipman,  Charles,  R.  F.  D.  1,  Easton,  Pa. 

p A Church,  .Arthur  L.,  500  N.  Broad  St. 

p A Clark,  Mrs.  C.  Howard,  Jr.,  1520  Spruce  St. 

p A Clark,  C.  M.,  321  Chestnut  St. 

c A Clark,  C.  M. 

p A Clark,  Mrs.  Edward  Walter,  Chestnut  Hill. 

p A Clark,  Herbert  L.,  321  Chestnut  St. 

p A Clark,  Percy  H.,  321  Chestnut  St. 

c A Clark,  Percy  H. 

p A Class  & Nachod,  1729  Mervine  St. 

p L Clothier,  Mrs.  Conrad  F.,  844  N.  Broad  St. 

p A Clothier,  Isaac  H.,  Wynnewood,  Pa. 

c A Clothier,  Isaac  H. 

c L Clothier,  Morris  L.,  801  Market  St. 

p A Coates,  Edward  H.,  Penna.  Co.,  517  Chestnut  St. 

c A Coates,  Edward  H. 

p L Co.^TES,  William  M.,  127  Market  St. 

p A Cohen,  Charles  J.,  1520  Spruce  St. 

c A Cohen,  Charles  J.,  1520  Spruce  St. 

p L Colket,  C.  Howard,  2008  De  Lancey  PI. 

p L CoLLi.NS,  Henry  H.,  226  Columbia  Ave. 

p A Colton,  Sabin  W.,  Jr.,  Bryn  Mawr,  Pa. 

c A Colton,  Sabin  W.,  Jr. 

p A Combs,  John  F.,  119  S.  Fourth  St. 

p A Combs,  Mrs.  John  F.,  119  S.  Fourth  St. 

p A CoMLY,  Robert,  3311  Arch  St. 

p L CoRLiES,  Miss  Margaret  L.,  264  S.  Twenty-first  St. 
p L CoRLiES,  Mrs.  S.  Fisher,  264  S.  Twenty-first  St. 
c L CoxE,  .Alexander  Brown,  Paoli,  Pa. 
c l Coxe,  Mrs.  .Alexander  Brown,  Paoli,  Pa. 
p A Craig,  John  F.,  3417  Baring  St. 

p A Crawford,  Andrew  Wright,  701  Stephen  Girard  Bldg, 
c A Crawford,  Andrew  Wright. 

c A Cret,  Professor  Paul  P.,  University  of  Pennsylvania. 

p A Croft  ik  .Allen  Co.,  Thirty-third  and  Market  Sts. 

c A Croft  & .Allen  Co. 

p A Curtis,  Cyrus  H.  K.,  Wyncote,  Pa. 

p A CuYLER,  T.  De  Witt,  Haverford,  Pa. 

p A Dana,  AIrs.  Charles  E.,  2013  De  Lancey  PI. 

c A Dana,  Mrs.  Charles  E. 

p A Davis,  Charles  Gibbons,  8204  Seminole  St.,  Chestnut  Hill, 
c A Davis,  Charles  Gibbons. 
p L Davis,  Henry  J.,  Lansdowne,  Pa. 
p A Day,  Mrs.  Frank  Miles,  .Allen’s  Lane,  Mt.  .Airy. 

De  .Armond,  Mrs.  George  J.,  Merion,  Pa. 
p L Dick,  Mrs.  William  .A.,  Chestnut  Hill, 
p L Dilley,  Franklin  P.,  210  S.  Front  St. 
p L Disston,  Jacob  S.,  1130  Real  Estate  Trust  Bldg, 
c A Disston,  Jacob  S. 
p A Dobson,  James,  28  N.  Front  St. 

267 


p A Dolan,  Mrs.  Thomas,  1809  Walnut  St. 
c A Dolan,  Mrs.  Thomas. 

p L Doll,  Miss  Josephine,  3411  N.  Seventeenth  St. 
p L Doll,  Miss  SIatilda,  3411  N.  Seventeenth  St. 
p A Donohough,  Miss  Kmma  Edith,  Cynwyd,  Pa. 
p A Dougherty,  John  A* 
c A Dougherty,  Miss  L.  A.,  1532  Green  St. 
p L Dreer,  Edwin  Greble,  Malvern,  Pa. 
c L Dreer,  Edwin  Greble. 
p L Dreer,  William  E.* 
c A Dreka,  Louis,  The  St.  James  Hotel, 
p A Drexel,  Anthony  J.,  112  Drexel  Bldg, 
c A Drexel,  Anthony  J. 

p A Drexel,  G.  W.  C.,  Estey  Bldg.,  1701  Walnut  St. 

c A Drexel,  Mrs.  G.  W.  C.,  Eighteenth  and  Locust  Sts. 

p A Drexel,  John  R.,  112  Drexel  Bldg. 

p A Drexel,  Mrs.  John  R.,  112  Drexel  Bldg. 

p L Ehret,  M.,  Jr.,  & Co.,  Inc.,  950  Drexel  Bldg. 

p A Elkins,  George  W* 

c A Elkins,  George  W.* 

p L Elliott,  Miss  Mary  E.* 

p A Elliott,  William  J.,  1308  Spruce  St. 

p L Elverson,  Ja.mes  Jr.,  1109  iSIarket  St. 

p A Elwyn,  Mrs.  Thomas  Langdon,  1006  Clinton  St. 

p A Engart,  John  S.,  X.  E.  cor.  Twelfth  and  Chestnut  Sts. 

p A Evans,  Mrs.  George  B.,  The  Bellevue-Stratford. 

p A Eels,  Samuel  S.,  Thirty-ninth  and  Walnut  Sts. 

c A Eels,  Samuel  S. 

p A Eels,  Mrs.  Samuel  S.,  Thirty-ninth  and  Walnut  Sts. 
c A Eels,  M RS.  S.4MUEL  S. 

p L Eitzgerald,  Harrington,  28  S.  Seventh  St. 
p A Elagg,  Mrs.  Stanley  (L,  Jr.,  1723  Spruce  St. 
c A Elagg,  Mrs.  Stanley  G.,  Jr. 

PA  Eletcher,  Mrs.  George  A.,  1631  Walnut  St. 
p A Eolwell,  X’^.  T.,  625  Chestnut  St. 
p A Eoulke,  j.  Roberts,  409  Chestnut  St. 
p A Eowler,  Charles  H.,  605  X.  Eighth  St. 
p L Erazier,  William  W.,  250  S.  Eighteenth  St. 
c L Erazier,  William  W. 
p L Eullerton,  John,  1424  Girard  Ave. 
p A Eussel,  Dr.  M.  Howard,  421  Lyceum  Ave.,  Roxborough 
p L Gallagher,  Christopher  A.,  1152  S.  Broad  St. 
p L Garden,  William  Morton,  The  Belgravia, 
p L Garrett,  Mrs.  Walter,  404  S.  Xinth  St. 
p L Garrison,  David  R.,  Radnor,  Pa. 
p L Gaw,  William  H.* 

p L Gazzam,  Hon.  Joseph  M.,  265  S.  Xineteenth  St. 
p L Gest,  Hon.  Joh.n  Marshall,  City  Hall, 
p L Gest,  William  P.,  325  Chestnut  St. 
p L Gibbs,  William  W.,  Pennsylvania  Bldg, 
c A Gibbs,  William  W. 

* Deceased. 


268 


c A Gibson,  Miss  Mary  K.,  1612  Walnut  St. 
p I,  Gillingham,  Joseph  E. 
p A Gilpin,  Mrs.  Washington  H.* 
p A Gorham,  Walter  M.,  Commercial  Trust  Bldg, 
p A Graklv,  Charles,  S.  E.  cor.  Twentieth  and  Cherry  Sts. 
p A Graves,  Nelson  Z.,  Manheim  St.  and  Wissahickon  Av'e.,  German- 
town. 

c A Graves,  Nelson  Z. 

p A Greber,  Jacques,  30  Avenue  Malakoff,  Paris, 
c A Greber,  Jacques. 
p L Griffiths,  George,  2102  Spruce  St. 
p L Grubnau,  Carl,  114  Arch  St. 
c L Grubnau,  Carl. 

p A Guer.nsey,  Joseph  C.,  M.D.,  Montgomery  Ave.,  Bryn  MawT,  Pa. 

p L Hale  & Kilburn  Mfg.  Co.,  Eighteenth  St.  and  Lehigh  Ave. 

c L Hale  & Kilbur.v  Mfg.  Co. 

p A Hallowell,  Willia.m  S.,  3305  Race  St. 

p L Harrah,  Charles  J. 

p L Harris,  .Alan  C.,  119  S.  Sixteenth  St. 

c L Harris,  .Alan  C. 

p A Harris,  .Albert  H.,  710  North  .American  Bldg, 
p L Harris,  Henry  Erazer,  1607  Walnut  St. 
p L H ARRIS,  Mrs.  J.  Campbell,  1607  Walnut  St. 
c L Harris,  Mrs.  J.  Ca.mpbell. 
c L Ha  RRisoN,  .Alfred  C.,  1616  Locust  St. 
p L Harriso.n,  Charles  C.,  LL.D.,  1618  Locust  St. 
c L Harrison,  Charles  C.,  LL.D. 
p L Harrison,  Mrs.  Charles  C.,  1618  Locust  St. 
p A Harrison,  George  L.,  Jr.,  400  Chestnut  St. 
p L Harrison,  Mrs.  John.* 
p A Harrison,  Thomas  S.* 
c A Harrison,  Tho.mas  S.* 
p A Hastings,  John  V.,  819  Eilbert  St. 
p A Hastings,  Robert  E.,  819  Eilbert  St. 
p L Heed,  Charles  E.,  119  S.  Eourth  St. 
p L Henry,  Mrs.  Charles  W.,  Chestnut  Hill, 
c L Henry,  Mrs.  Charles  W. 

p A Hensel,  Colladay  & Co.,  Twelfth  and  Wood  Sts. 
p L Hentz,  j.  Henry,  1237  N.  Broad  St. 
p A Hering,  W.  E.,  112  N.  Twelfth  St. 
c A Hering,  W.  E. 
p L Herzog,  George. 

p L Hetherington,  .Albert  G.,  1701  Locust  St. 
p A Heyl,  George  .A.,  2122  Walnut  St. 
p A Hinchman,  Miss  Margaretta  S.,  3635  Chestnut  St. 
p L Hockley,  Mrs.  Thomas,  Hotel  Vendome,  Boston,  Mass, 
p L Hookey,  .Anthony  C.,  2464  Frankford  .Ave. 
p A Hopper,  William  G.,  & Co.,  28  S.  Third  St. 
p A Horner,  Sa.muel,  Jr.,  840  Land  Title  Bldg, 
p A Horst.man.n,  Walter,  1804  De  Lancey  PI. 
p A Horstmann,  Mrs.  William  H.,  Overbrook. 

* Deceased. 


269 


p A Houston,  Samuel  F.,  509  Real  Estate  Trust  Bldg, 
c A Houston,  Samuel  F. 

p A Houston,  William  C.,  122  W.  Chelten  Ave.,  Germantown, 
c A Howell,  Miss  Anna  H.,  5218  Germantown  Ave.,  Germantown, 
p L Howell,  Mrs.  Charles  H.,  1523  Walnut  St. 
c L Howell,  Mrs.  Charles  H. 

p A How'ell,  Edward  E H.,  5218  Germantown  Ave.,  Germantown. 

p A Howell,  Miss  Josephine  F.,  1523  Walnut  St. 

c A How’ell,  Miss  Josephine  F. 

p A Huneker,  John  F.,  The  Art  Club. 

p A Huston,  Joseph  M.,  Oaks-Cloister,  Germantown. 

p A Hutchinson,  Miss  Margaretta,  1617  Walnut  St. 

c A Hutchinson,  Miss  Margaretta. 

p A Jacobs,  Mrs.  Edw^ard  B.,  1915  Spruce  St. 

c A Jacobs,  Mrs.  Edward  B. 

p L Jenks,  John  Story,  Chestnut  Hill. 

PA  JOH  NSON,  Alba  B.,  Rosemont,  Pa. 
c A Johnson,  Alba  B. 

p A Jones,  B.  Griffith,  905  Land  Title  Bldg. 

p L Jordan,  Mrs.  G.  Frederick,  922  Clinton  St. 

p L Justice,  Theodore,  10  W.  Clapier  St.,  Germantown. 

p A Karcher  & Rehn  Co.,  1608  Chestnut  St. 

p L Keen,  Edwin  F.,  1816  N.  Broad  St. 

c L Keen,  Edw'in  F. 

p L Keen,  Joseph  S.,  723  N.  Sixth  St. 

p A Keene,  George  Frederick,  1012  Liberty  Bldg. 

p L Keith,  Sidney  W.,  1820  De  Lancey  PI. 

c A Kelsey,  Albert,  Perry  Bldg. 

p L Ketterlinus,  John  Louis,  2016  Spruce  St. 

c A Keyser,  Mrs.  James  D.* 

p A Kohn,  Adler  & Co.,  722  Market  St. 

p L Ladner,  Louis  J.,  2349  N.  Twenty-first  St. 

p A Lea,  Charles  M.,  960  Drexel  Bldg. 

c A Lea,  Charles  M. 

p A Lea,  Miss  Nina,  2000  Walnut  St. 

c A Lea,  Miss  Nina. 

p L Lee,  Edmund  J.,  M.D.,  1812  Rittenhouse  Sq. 
p A Lewis,  John  Frederick,  1914  Spruce  St. 
c A Lewhs,  John  Frederick. 

p L Lewis,  Mrs.  John  Frederick,  1914  Spruce  St. 
c L Lewis,  Mrs.  John  Frederick. 
p L Lewis,  Richard  A.,  Box  165,  Beverly,  N.  J. 
p A Link  Belt  Co.,  Nicetown. 
c A Link  Belt  Co. 

p A Linn,  William  B.,  518  Real  Estate  Trust  Bldg, 
c A Linn,  William  B. 

p A Lippincott,  J.  Bertram,  1712  Spruce  St. 
c A Lippincott,  J.  Bertram. 

c A Lippincott,  M RS.  J.  Bertram,  1712  Spruce  St. 
p L Lippincott,  Walter,  2101  Walnut  St. 
p A Lit  Brothers,  Eighth  and  Market  Sts. 

* Dece.ised. 


270 


p A Lit,  Samuel  D.,  Eighth  and  Market  Sts. 
p L Lonergan,  J.  E.,  211  Race  St. 
p L Longstreth,  Howard,  1323  Walnut  St. 

p L Loper,  Richard  E.,  6 N.  Tallahassee  Ave.,  Atlantic  City,  N.  J. 
p A Malone,  Watson  & Son,  1001  N.  Delaware  Ave. 
p L Maloney,  Martin,  Land  Title  Bldg, 
p L Maris,  Thomas  R.,  Beverly,  N.  J. 

p L Mason,  Prof.  William  A.,  212  W.  Chelten  Ave.,  Germantown, 
c L Mason,  Prof.  William  A. 

p A Melloy’s,  John  M.,  Sons,  1421  Spring  Garden  St. 
p L Mickle,  Charles  C.,  3301  Race  St. 
p A Mifflin,  Mrs.  James,  1824  Spruce  St. 
p L Miles,  Thomas,  1820  .Arch  St. 
p L Miller,  Leslie  W.,  320  S.  Broad  St. 
p L Milne,  Caleb  J.,  Jr.,  2029  Walnut  St. 
p L Milne,  David,  School  House  Lane,  Germantown, 
p A Montgomery,  Dr.  E.  E.,  1426  Spruce  St. 
c A Montgomery,  Dr.  E.  E. 
p L Moore,  Mrs.  Alfred  F.,  1921  Walnut  St. 
p L Moore,  Clarence  B.,  1321  Locust  St. 
p L Moore,  Joseph,  Jr.,  1821  Walnut  St. 

p L Moore,  Mrs.  Amory  O.,  2244  So.  Sheridan  Rd.,  Highland  Park,  111. 
c L Moore,  Mrs.  Amory  O. 

p A Morgan,  John  B.,  Montgomery  .Ave.,  Chestnut  Hill. 

p A Morgan,  Mrs.  Joh.n  B.,  Montgomery  .Ave.,  Chestnut  Hill. 

p A Morgan,  Randal,  N.  W.  cor.  Broad  and  Arch  Sts. 

p L Morrell,  Mrs.  Edward  deV.,  Torresdale. 

p L Morris,  Effingham  B.,  Girard  Trust  Co. 

c L Morris,  Effingham  B. 

p L Morris,  Miss  Lydia  T.,  826  Pine  St. 

p L Morris,  William  H.,  Thirtieth  and  Locust  Sts. 

p L Moss,  Frank  H.,  518  Walnut  St. 

p I.  Moss,  Mrs.  Frank  H.,  Bala,  Pa. 

c I.  Mc.Allister,  Miss  Eliza  Y.,  3503  Baring  St. 

p I.  Mc.Allister,  James  W.,  1603  Green  St. 

p A McClees,  j.  E.,  1507  Walnut  St. 

p I.  McFadden,  George  H.,  Eighteenth  and  Spruce  Sts. 

c A McFadden,  George  H. 

c A McFadden,  J.  Franklin,  115  Chestnut  St. 

p L McFadden,  John  H.,  N.  E.  cor.  Nineteenth  and  Walnut  Sts. 

p L McIlhenny,  John  D.,  Lincoln  Drive  and  Johnson  St.,  Germantown. 

c L McIlhenny,  John  D. 

p A McKean,  Thomas,  Rosemont,  Pa. 

c A McKean,  Thomas. 

p A McLean,  William  L.,  207  Bulletin  Bldg, 
p I.  McNeely,  Richard  P.,  Bryn  Mawr,  Pa. 
p L McNeely,  Robert  K.,  Merion,  Pa. 
p L McOwen,  Frederick,  5871  Drexel  Road,  Overbrook, 
p A Newbold’s,  William  H.,  Son  K Co.,  511  Chestnut  St. 
c A Newbold’s,  William  H.,  So.v  6c  Co. 
p A Newhall,  George  M.,  1209  Walnut  St. 
p A Newhall,  Mrs.  George  M.,  1209  Walnut  St. 

271 


p L Newman,  John  S.,  Hotel  Majestic, 
p A Nice,  Eugene  E.,  1720  Diamond  St. 
p 1,  Norris,  Charles,  617  Walnut  St. 

p A Norris,  Hon.  George  W.,  1812  R St.,  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

p L O’Neill,  William  C.,  328  Walnut  St. 

p A Palmer,  John  T.,  Fifth  and  Locust  Sts. 

p L Pardee,  Calvin,  239  W.  Walnut  Lane,  Germantown. 

p A Patterson,  T.  H.  Hoge,  4231  Walnut  St. 

c A Patterson,  T.  H.  Hoge. 

p A Paxson,  J.  W.,  Co.,  1021  N.  Delaware  Ave. 

p A Peirce,  Harold,  222  Drexel  Bldg. 

c A Peirce,  Harold. 

p L Perot,  Effingham.,  125  S.  Fifth  St. 

p L Perot,  T.  Morris,  Jr.,  917  Clinton  St. 

p L Peterson,  C.  Lehman,  7319  Bryan  St.,  Mt.  Airy. 

p A Philadelphia  Turngemeinde,  Broad  St.  and  Columbia  .'\ve. 

p A Plumly,  George  W.,  Co.,  213  N.  Fourth  St. 

p A Potter,  Charles  A.,  Chestnut  Hill. 

p A Potter,  Hon.  William,  1011  Chestnut  St. 

p L Powers,  Thomas  Harris,  1607  Walnut  St. 

c L Powers,  Thomas  Harris. 

p L Price,  Eli  Kirk,  709  Walnut  St. 

p A Ralston,  Robert  W.,  N.  E.  cor.  Thirteenth  St.  and  Girard  Avc. 
p A Rau,  William  H.,  238  S.  Camac  St. 
p A Rea,  Samuel,  Broad  Street  Station, 
p L Read,  Mrs.  Frank,  4105  Pine  St. 
c L Read,  Mrs.  Frank. 

p A Register,  Henry  C.,  M.D.,  Haverford,  Pa. 
p L Rice,  Mrs.  .Alexander  H.,  Ashbourne,  Pa. 
p A Richardson,  Thomas  de  Q.,  439  N.  Twelfth  St. 
p A Riehle,  Frederick  A.,  1424  N.  Ninth  St. 
c A Riehle,  Frederick  A. 

p A Ritchie,  Mrs.  Craig  D.,  414  N.  Thirty-fourth  St. 

c A Ritchie,  Mrs.  Craig  D. 

p L Roberts,  Mrs.  Charles,  1327  Spruce  St. 

p A Roberts,  Edward,  3rd,  406  Lafayette  Bldg. 

c A Roberts,  Mrs.  Emily  L.,  Malvern,  Pa. 

p L Roberts,  Miss  Frances  A.,  1830  S.  Rittenhouse  Sq. 

p A Roberts,  CL  Theodore,  1 Lexington  Ave.,  New  York. 

c A Roberts,  G.  Theodore. 

p L Robinson,  Anthony  W.,  409  Chestnut  St. 

c L Robinson,  .Anthony  W. 

c L Robinson,  Mrs.  .Anthony  W.,  409  Chestnut  St. 
p L Rogers,  Roland  C.,  South  Brownsville,  Pa. 
p A Rohner,  Henry,  201  N.  Fifth  St. 
p L Rolin,  Harry  M. 

p A Rosengarten,  Miss  F"annie,  1704  Walnut  St. 
c A Rosengarten,  Miss  Fannie. 
p A Rosengarten,  Joseph  (L,  1704  Walnut  St. 
c A Rosengarten,  Joseph  G. 

p L Rumpp,  W.  a.,  S.  W.  cor.  Fifth  and  Cherry  Sts. 

* Deceased. 


272 


i‘  L Santee,  Charles.* 

c I.  Santee,  Charles* 

j*  L Santee,  Eugene  Irving,  M.D.* 

i>  L Salter,  William  E.,  2305  N.  Broad  St. 

i>  A ScHEi.L,  John  W.,  Drexel  Bldg. 

i>  A Schell,  Mrs.  John  W.,  Drexel  Bldg. 

p A ScH.MiDT,  C.,  & Sons,  127  Edward  St. 

p L ScHurPE,  Louis,  1509  \.  Seventeenth  St. 

c L ScHUTTE,  Louis. 

p i.  Schwarz,  (L  A* 

p L Scour,  NIrs.  Edgar,  Woodbourne,  Pa. 
c L Scott,  .Mrs.  Edgar. 

c A Scull,  Mrs.  William  Ellis,  Overbrook, 
p A Search,  Theodore  C.,  Park  and  Station  Sts.,  Langhorne,  Pa. 
c A Search,  Theodore  C. 
p L Seeler,  Edgar  V.,  101  S.  Juniper  St. 
c L Seeler,  Edgar 

p A Sheppard,  J.  B.,  ik  Sons,  1008  Chestnut  St. 
p L Shortridge,  X.  Parker,  Wynnewood,  Pa. 
p I.  Simpson,  Mrs.  William,  Jr.,  Overbrook, 
p A Smedley,  Walter,  904  Stephen  Girard  Bldg, 
p L Smith,  D.  C.  Wharton,  629  Church  Lane,  Germantown, 
p L Smith,  Mrs.  E'.dward  Brinton,  306  S.  Nineteenth  St. 
p L Smith,  Mrs.  Jacquei.ine  EIarrison,  'Fhe  .Aldine. 
p A Smith,  W.  Hinckle,  Liberty  Bldg, 
p A Smucker,  Edwin  .\L,  5937  Overbrook  .Ave. 
p A Snare,  Jacob,  427  Walnut  St. 
p A Snellenburg,  N.,  & Co.,  Twelfth  and  Market  Sts. 
p A Snellenburg,  Samuel,  Twelfth  and  Market  Sts. 
c A Souder,  Edmund  .A.* 

p L Staake,  Hon.  William  H.,  544  N.  Seventeenth  St. 

p L Stafford,  John,  Broad  and  Norris  Sts. 

p L Stambach,  John  .A.,  1830  Wallace  St. 

p A Steinmetz,  Joseph  Allison,  Morris  Bldg. 

p A Sternberger,  Samuel.* 

c A Sternberger,  Samuel.* 

p A Stevenson,  George,  Third  and  Chestnut  Sts. 

p L Stinson,  Thomas  I). 

p A Stokes,  James  M.,  680  Drexel  Bldg. 

p A Stotesbury,  Edward  T.,  Drexel  & Co. 

p L Stout,  Elbridge  G.,  1717  Berks  St. 

p L Strawbridge,  Frederic  H.,  School  House  Lane,  Germantown, 
p A Stroud,  Edw.  Adams,  5830  Drexel  Road,  Overbrook, 
p L Strouse,  Loeb  & Co.,  798  Drexel  Bldg, 
p A Stryker,  Samuel  S.,  M.D.,  3833  Walnut  St. 
c L Stuart,  Hon.  Edwin  S.,  9 S.  Ninth  St. 
p L Sullivan,  Jeremiah  J.,  1910  Walnut  St. 
p L Sulzberger,  Hon.  Mayer,  1303  Girard  Ave. 
p L Swain,  Mrs.  William  M.,  Haverford,  Pa. 
p .A  Swartz,  James  S.,  11  Broadway,  New  York, 
p .A  Taws,  Louis,  6654  Lincoln  Drive,  Germantown. 

* Deceased. 


273 


c A Taylor,  Roland  L.,  Morris  Bldg. 

!•  L Teller,  Miss  Louise  S.,  1727  Spring  Garden  St. 
c A Tetlow,  Mrs.  Clara,  3619  Baring  St. 

!•  A Thomas,  James  B.,  Burd  Bldg.,  Ninth  and  Chestnut  Sts. 

1-  A Thompson,  Dr.  Robert  Ellis,  Central  High  School, 
p A Thomson,  John  L.,  1060  Drexel  Bldg, 
p A Thomson,  William,  64  N.  Second  St. 
c L Thorn,  Miss  Mary. 

p L Thropp,  Mrs.  Joseph  F,.,  1701  'Fwentieth  St.,  N.W., Washington,  D.C. 
p A Todd,  Hon.  M.  Hampton,  2115  Spruce  St. 
p A Trask,  John  K.  1). 

p A 'Prueman,  Dr.  William  H.,  47  High  St.,  Germantown. 

p A Tryon,  Edward  K.,  Co.,  10  N.  Sixth  St. 

p L Turner,  Mrs.  Charles  P.,  1506  Walnut  St. 

p A Tyler,  Sidney  P'.,  1234  Land  Title  Bldg. 

p L V'an  Rensselaer,  Col.  Alexander,  1801  Walnut  St. 

p A V'auclain,  Samuel  M.,  500  N.  Broad  St. 

p A VON  Moschzisker,  Hon.  Robert,  City  Hall 

p L Wainwright,  Joseph  R.* 

c L Wainwright,  Joseph  R.* 

i>  A Wanamaker,  Hon.  John,  1301  Chestnut  St. 

p A W ARDEN,  William  G.,  1012  Witherspoon  Bldg. 

p L W ATERALL,  WiLLiAM,  4714  Springfield  Ave. 

i>  A Weatherly,  Mrs.  L.  Howard,  3919  Chestnut  St. 

p A Weaver,  Hon.  John,  1416  S.  Penn  Square. 

i>  L Weber,  Frederick.* 

p L Weber,  William  F.,  509  S.  Tenth  St. 

p A Webster,  (jeorge  S.,  4900  Penn  St.,  PTankford. 

p A Weimer,  .Albert  B.,  The  Aldine. 

p A Wells,  George  B.,  1101  Market  St. 

p I,  Wetherill,  William  Henry,  3734  Walnut  St. 

i>  A Wheeler,  Mrs.  Charles,  Bryn  Mawr,  Pa. 

c A Wheeler,  Mrs.  Charles. 

p A White,  J.  Clarence,  5528  Wayne  Ave.,  Germantown, 
p L WiDENER,  Joseph  Pi.,  Land  Title  Bldg, 
c L WiDENER,  Joseph  P',. 

p L WiEDERSHEiM,  CoL.  JoHN  A.,  4408  Pine  St. 

P A WiEDERSHEiM,  MaJOR  WiLLIAM  A.* 

p A Wilbur,  H.  ().,  237  N.  Third  St. 
p L Williams,  David  E.,  Bala,  Pa. 
p A Williams,  Edward  P.,  500  N.  Broad  St. 
p A Williams,  Ellis  D.,  560  Drexel  Bldg, 
p L Wilson,  Capt.  J.  Lapsley,  Overbrook,  Pa. 
p L WiNDRiM,  James  H.* 
c A WiNDRiM,  James  H.* 

p A WiNDRiM,  John  T.,  Commonwealth  Trust  Bldg, 
c A WiNDRiM,  John  T. 
p A WiSTER,  \Irs.  Jones,  1819  Walnut  St. 
p 1,  Wolf,  IVIrs.  .Abraham  S.,  1530  Green  St. 
c L Wolf,  Mrs.  .Abraham  S. 

p A Wolf,  Hon.  Clarence,  Empire  Bldg.,  Thirteenth  and  Walnut  Sts. 

* Deceased. 


274 


P I.  w ooD,  Walter,  1620  Locust  Sr. 
p L Wood,  William,  Wayne,  Pa. 
p L Wright,  W.  I).  Craig,  2023  Walnut  St. 
c A Zantzinger,  C.  C.,  112  S.  Sixteenth  St. 
c A Zantzinger,  Mrs.  C.  C.,  112  S.  Sixteenth  St. 
p L Ziegler,  George  J.,  Jr.,  1534  N.  Sixteenth  St. 
p L Ziegler,  Henry  Z.,  110  N.  Thirty-fourth  St. 


275 


ASSOCIATE  MEMBERS 


Associate  members  pay  one  dollar  annually  in  either  Branch  and  two  dollars 

for  both. 


P indicates  PARK  branch. 
C indicates  CITY  branch. 

* indicates  DECEASED. 


p Aerstex,  Mrs.  Guilliaem,  Jr.,  1523  Walnut  St. 
c Aertsex,  Mrs.  Guilliaem,  Jr. 
p Bradford,  Mrs.  T.  H.,  1802  De  Lancey  PI. 
c Bradford,  Mrs.  T.  H. 

p Brubaker,  Dr.  Albert  P.,  3426  Powelton  .Ave. 
p Delbert,  Simox,  Jr.,  Media,  Pa. 
p Dorax,  SIrs.  E.mma  C.,  1851  N.  Nineteenth  St. 
c Dorax,  Mrs.  Emma  C. 
p Gaskill,  J.  Howard,  M.D.,  1627  Walnut  St. 
c Gaskill,  J.  Howard,  M.D. 
p Godwix,  Joseph  B.,  203  Walnut  PI. 

p Ha.miltox,  Mrs.  Wilbur  F.,  327  Llandrillo  Road,  Cynwyd,  Pa. 
p Howell,  Cooper,  1523  Walnut  St. 
c Howell,  Cooper 

p Keller,  Prof.  Harry  F.,  2313  Green  St. 
p Kessler,  Joh.x,  1520  N.  Twenty-fourth  St. 
p Kusel,  Dr.  George  C.,  235  S.  h'ifteenth  St. 
p Kusel  Dr.  Mary  H.  Stilwell,  235  S.  Fifteenth  St. 
p Laird,  Prof.  Warrex  P.,  L'niversity  of  Pennsylvania, 
p McMichael,  Hox.  Charles  B.,  2039  De  Lancey  PI. 
p Moxtgomery,  .Mrs.  J.  H.,  1602  W.  Erie  .Ave. 
c Mo.vtgo.mery,  Mrs.  J.  H. 
p Paul,  J.  Rodmax,  903  Pine  St. 
p Peters,  Richard,  1101  Spruce  St. 
p Rich,  Mrs.  Sarah  M.  S.,  1820  De  Lancey  PI. 
p Rowland,  .Mrs.  William  O.,  Jr.,  Torresdale. 
c Rowlaxd,  Mrs.  William  O.,  Jr. 
p Rulox,  Mrs.  J.  W.  K.,  2115  De  Lancey  PI. 
p Thomas,  Ja,mes  B.,  Jr.,  Burd  Bldg.,  Ninth  and  Chestnut  Sts. 
p Thomas,  Mrs.  Lizzie  G.,  Burd  Bldg.,  Ninth  and  Chestnut  Sts. 
p Warrex,  Hexry  Mather.* 
p Warrex,  Mrs.  Hexry  Mather,  Devon,  Pa. 
p Warrex,  Richard  F.,  Devon,  Pa. 
p Wolf,  Louis,  Twelfth  and  Callowhill  Sts. 
c A Thomson',  Willia.m. 
p A Thorn,  Miss  Mary,  1527  N.  Sixteenth  St. 

‘Deceased. 


276 


I N D E X 

Adams,  Herbert 187 

Annual  Addresses 253-260 

Art  Museum 30 

Baldwin,  Matthias  W 178 

Barye,  Antoine  Louis 189 

Beaver,  Gen.  James  A 163 

Beck,  Hon.  James  Montgomery,  LL.D.,  Litt.D.,  address 11 

“Billy”.. : 183 

Biographies  of  Founders 79-128 

Bissell,  Frederick  Meade 83 

Bissell,  George  Edwin 191 

Boyle,  John  J 193 

Cain,  .Auguste 195 

Calder,  .Alexander  Milne 197 

Calder,  .A.  Sterling 199 

Campbell,  .Archibald 85 

Cannon,  Spanish 150-151 

Carpenters’  Hall 179 

Location  of 180 

“ “ Tablet..... 181 

Celebration  ot  Fiftieth  .Anniversary 10 

Claghorn,  James  L 87 

Cohen,  Charles  J 31,  77  & 185 

Cohen,  Katherine  M 201 

Committees 6&8 

Constitution,  Preamble  to 262 

Converse,  John  H 115 

Cowboy 169 

Cox,  John  Bellangee 91 

Crawlord,  .Andrew  Wright 244 

Crawford,  Maj.-Gen.  S.  W 161 

Curtin,  Governor 162 

Dahlgren,  .Admiral 159 

Dallin,  Cyrus  Edwin 203 

Dana,  Charles  E 119 

Danaid • 171 

Diana  Borghese 135 

Dickens  and  Little  Nell 177 

Dolan,  Thomas 93 

Doves,  Feeding  the 171 

Drexel,  .Anthony  J 95 

Duck  Girl 182 

Dying  Lioness 136 


277 


Eagle 165 

Elwell,  Erank  Edwin 205 

Ezekiel,  Sir  Moses 208 

Fairmount  Parkway 4 & 243 

Feeding  the  Doves 171 

Florentine  Lions 142 

Founders,  Signatures  ot 34—36 

Fountain  of  Orestes  and  Pylades 138 

Fountains,  Five 139 

Grand 138 

Fox,  Henry  K 99 

Fremiet,  Emmanuel 211 

French,  Daniel  C 213 

Garfield,  Hon.  James  .A 148 

Gibson,  Henry  C 101 

Grafly,  Charles 217 

Grant,  Gen.  U.  S 149 

Gest,  John  B 164 

Hancock,  Maj.-Gen.  Winfield  Scott 155 

History  of  the  Fairmount  Parkway 244-252 

History  of  the  Fairmount  Park  .Art  .A.ssociation 31-73 

Horstmann,  William  J 103 

Howell,  Col.  Charles  H 79 

Hudson  Bay  Wolves 134 

II  Penseroso 135 

Illustrations  of  Founders 78-128 

of  Sculptors 185-241 

Works  of  .Art 133-183 

Japanese  Temple  Gate 168 

Jeanne  d’Arc 147 

Jonsson,  Finar 219 

Karlsefni,  Thorfinn  173 

Kemeys,  Edward 221 

Laessle,  Albert 223 

Landis,  Charles  K 246 

Lion  and  Serpent 176 

Lioness  and  Boar 145 

“ Dying 136 

Lion  Fighter 146 

Lions,  Florentine 142 

Lippincott,  Walter 105 

List  of  Works  of  .Art 129-131 

Manship,  Paul 225 

McClellan,  Maj.-Gen 156 

Meade,  Maj.-Gen.  George  Gordon - 143 

Medicine  Man 166 


278 


Members 

Membership,  Classes  of 

Miller,  Leslie  W.,  LL.D 

Monumental  Memorial 

“ “ Detail 

Morris,  John  T 

Murray,  Samuel 

Ogden,  H.  Corbit 

Officers,  Present 

Since  Organization 

Parkwav,  Fairmount 

Penguins 

Perrine,  William 

Porter,  Admiral 

Potter,  Edward  C 

Preamble  to  Constitution 

Remington,  Frederic 

Rhind,  L IVIassev 

Rush,  William 

Saint  Gaudens,  Augustus 

Samuel,  Ellen  Phillips 

Schwarzmann,  Joseph  Hermann 

Signatures  of  Founders 

Silenus  and  Bacchus 

Smith,  Joseph  Frailev 

Smith  Memorial 

Smith,  Richard ic7 

Spanish  Cannon 

Stone  Age i,. 

Sun-dial 

Tam  O’Shanter it? 

Temple  Gate,  Japanese 

Thom,  James 

Treasurer’s  Account 

Trotter,  Edward  H 1 1 , 

I rustees.  Present 

Since  Organization 

V'onnoh,  Mrs.  Bessie  Potter. . 

Ward,  John  Q.  A 239 

Waterworks,  Portico  of. . . . 1?  78 

W ebster,  George  S t < 1 

W hite,  Samuel  S 2 2^ 

W indrim,  James  H 

Walff,  .Albert  William 72i 

Works  of  .Art,  Idst  of 190  191 

Illustrations 

Wrestlers 241 

279 


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